Erzhu Rong (尒朱榮) | 24 Histories

Overview

Erzhu Rong was a Northern Wei general and warlord.

Life and dates

Death

AD 530 孝莊之誅尒朱榮
Executed · Authority Emperor Xiaozhuang (孝莊帝)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 104
Executed · Authority Emperor Zhuang of Wei (魏莊帝)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 34, passage 36
AD 530 及帝殺尒朱榮也
Cause Killed · Authority Emperor Zhuang (莊帝)
Directly stated · Book of Wei 91, passage 187
AD 530 孝莊誅尒朱榮
Execution · Authority Emperor Xiaozhuang (孝莊帝)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 89
AD 530 尒朱榮之誅
Execution
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 138
AD 530 榮死
Directly stated · Book of Zhou 32, passage 324

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AD 530 莊帝誅榮
Executed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 23, passages 37-38
Directly stated · Book of Wei 89, passage 217

Attested activity

AD 525 孝昌元年
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 15, passage 147
AD 527 to AD 529 大通初
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 32, passage 85
AD 529 乙亥
Dated from the passage context · zizhitongjian:153:s0172a
AD 528 to AD 530 late Northern Wei Erzhu hegemony
Strongly inferred · Book of Sui 55, passage 93
AD 529 narrated before 冬，十月 in Liang Records 9
Dated from the passage context · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 211; zizhitongjian:153:s0211a
AD 528 to AD 530 Tong's service until Rong's death
Directly stated · Book of Zhou 32, passages 323-324

Show 38 more source-backed claims

AD 529 六月，壬寅
Dated from the passage context · zizhitongjian:153:s0116b
AD 528 to AD 530 共奔尒朱榮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 16, passage 11
AD 528 to AD 530 初事尒朱榮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 25, passage 4
AD 530 及帝殺尒朱榮也
Dated from the passage context · Book of Wei 91, passage 187
AD 529 壬申
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0161c
AD 528 to AD 530 孝昌中至尒朱榮之誅
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 18, passages 129, 138
AD 525 孝昌元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 49
AD 528 to AD 530 孝昌末
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 26, passages 75-76
AD 530 孝莊之誅尒朱榮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 104
AD 528 to AD 530 孝莊前後
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 17, passages 13-15
AD 530 孝莊誅尒朱榮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 89
AD 528 to AD 530 尒朱勢力
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 40, passage 60
AD 528 to AD 530 尒朱榮
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 48, passage 21
AD 528 尒朱榮之害朝士
Dated from the passage context · Book of Wei 86, passage 52
AD 530 to AD 530 尒朱榮之死
Directly stated · Book of Wei 89, passage 217
AD 528 to AD 530 尒朱榮亂
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 39, passage 36
AD 528 尒朱榮入洛
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 29, passage 8; Book of Northern Qi 36, passage 31
AD 526 to AD 528 尒朱榮兵威漸盛
Dated from the passage context · Book of Wei 31, passage 196
AD 528 to AD 530 尒朱榮妻子
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 249
AD 528 尒朱榮將入洛
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 28, passage 119
AD 528 to AD 530 尒朱榮時
Directly stated · Book of Wei 89, passage 103
AD 528 to AD 530 尒朱榮用事
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 27, passages 13, 33, 82
AD 528 屬尒朱榮建義
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 7
AD 529 從尒朱榮平元顥
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 35, passage 86
AD 528 to AD 530 從爾朱榮征伐
Directly stated · Book of Zhou 17, passage 31
AD 529 戊辰
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0137t
AD 528 明帝崩、孝莊即位前後
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 74, 77
AD 528 榮為爾硃榮所破
Dated from the passage context · History of the Northern Dynasties 87, passage 181
AD 530 永安
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 34, passage 36
AD 528 河陰之際
Dated from the passage context · Book of Wei 27, passage 176
AD 528 to AD 530 爾朱榮 own late-Wei setting; named only as uncle
Strongly inferred · zizhitongjian:153:s0031a
AD 528 爾朱榮定山東
Strongly inferred · Book of Zhou 10, passage 137
AD 530 莊帝將誅榮至榮死
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 23, passages 37-38
AD 530 莊帝殺尒朱榮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Wei 110, passage 40
AD 529 隨尒朱榮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 15, passage 236
AD 529 顥既入洛
Dated from the passage context · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 85; zizhitongjian:153:s0104f
AD 529 魏北海王顥既得志
Directly stated · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 137; zizhitongjian:153:s0121h
AD 525 to AD 527 魏孝昌中
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 15, passage 35

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Erzhu Zhao (尒朱兆)
brother's son 從子 · paternal line
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0031a
Sibling of Parent of Erzhu Zhao
brother 兄弟 · Uncertain siblings · paternal line
Strongly inferred · zizhitongjian:153:s0031a
Kin of Erzhu Chang (爾朱敞)
Chang was his clan nephew 族子
clansman 族子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 93
Parent of Daughter of Erzhu Rong (尒朱榮女)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Wei 89, passage 103
Parent of Empress Xiaozhuang of Wei (魏孝莊皇后)
father 父
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 48, passage 23
Parent of Erzhu Wenchang (尒朱文暢)
father 父
son 子
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 48, passage 21; zizhitongjian:159:s0006b
Parent of Erzhu Wenluo (尒朱文羅)
father 父
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 48, passage 29
Parent of Erzhu Wenlüe (尒朱文略)
father 父
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 48, passages 29, 43
Child of Qingbin (慶賓)
foster father 假父 · Foster parentage · Uncertain
Directly stated · Book of Wei 31, passage 198
Spouse of Northern Xiangchang Princess (北鄉長公主)
wife 妻 · Widowed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 129

Kinship Role wife and children · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 249; Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 138

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Grand General of the Heavenly Pillar 天柱大將軍
AD 529 壬申 · Appointed
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0161c
Pillar of Heaven General 天柱將軍
AD 527 to AD 529 大通初 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 32, passage 96
Grand Chancellor 大丞相
Held
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0161c
fief of 200,000 households counting prior grants 增封通前二十萬戶
AD 529 壬申 · Increased
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0161c
Suffered
AD 530 孝莊誅尒朱榮 · Executed · Authority Emperor Xiaozhuang (孝莊帝)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 89

Places and affiliations

AD 529 顥既入洛
Polity Northern Wei 魏 · Relation Served
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0104f
Polity Northern Wei 北魏 · Relation Active under
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 104
Polity Northern Wei 北魏 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 49, 74, 249; Book of Northern Qi 23, passage 37; Book of Wei 31, passage 196; Book of Wei 89, passages 103, 217; Book of Wei 91, passage 187; Book of Zhou 32, passage 323; zizhitongjian:153:s0172a
Polity Northern Wei 北魏 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · History of the Northern Dynasties 87, passage 181; Book of Sui 55, passage 93
Polity Northern Wei 魏 · Relation Active in
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 39, passage 36
Polity Northern Wei 魏 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 7

Show 5 more source-backed claims

Polity Wei 魏 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · zizhitongjian:153:s0031a
Polity Wei 魏 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 211; zizhitongjian:153:s0121h; zizhitongjian:153:s0161c
At Luoyang 洛 · Relation Entered
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 77
At Sizhou 肆州 · Relation Passed through
Directly stated · Book of Wei 31, passage 196
At Xiurong 秀容 · Relation Based at
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 49; Book of Wei 31, passage 198

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · Extent s0211a, s0211b, s0211c · Direct quotation · About Person Id Hou Yuan (侯淵)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0211a; zizhitongjian:153:s0211b; zizhitongjian:153:s0211c
Speech · Speaker · Quote true · Addressed to Gao Huan (高歡)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 57
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Extent s0137q · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Erzhu Rong (尒朱榮)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0137q
Speech · Speaker · Quote true
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 83, 85-86

Events and relationships

Attacked
AD 528 明帝崩、孝莊即位前後 · Military · Commander · With Ge Rong (葛榮)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 80
Defeated Ge Rong
AD 528 榮為爾硃榮所破 · Military · Victor · With Ge Rong (葛榮)
Dated from the passage context · History of the Northern Dynasties 87, passage 181
Delighted talked until midnight
Consultation · Listener · With Gao Huan (高歡)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 61
Entered Luoyang intending throne
AD 528 明帝崩、孝莊即位前後 · Usurpation attempt · Actor
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passage 77
Entered Luoyang
AD 528 尒朱榮入洛 · Military · Commander · At Luoyang 洛
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 36, passage 31
Faced Hao along the river
Military · Commander · With Yuan Hao (元顥)
Directly stated · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 137

Show 31 more source-backed claims

Failed to arrive in time for bridge plot
Military · Supporter
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0137c; zizhitongjian:153:s0137d
Feasted and rewarded
AD 529 乙亥 · Ritual · Honoree · At Capital Pavilion 都亭
Dated from the passage context · zizhitongjian:153:s0172a
Galloped by post to meet emperor at changzi and served as vanguard
AD 529 顥既入洛 · Military · Commander · With Wei Emperor (魏主)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0104f; zizhitongjian:153:s0104g
Heyin massacre
Political · Perpetrator
Directly stated · Book of Wei 110, passages 40, 65
Killed staff and seized
Military · Captor · With Qingbin (慶賓) · At Xiurong 秀容
Directly stated · Book of Wei 31, passage 198
Led the army restoring Yuan Ziyou and defeated Yuan Hao at Heqiao
AD 527 to AD 529 大通初 · Military · Commander · With Yuan Hao (元顥)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 32, passages 96, 100
Made tianguang mobile staff director
AD 529 顥既入洛 · Appointment · Appointing authority · With Erzhu Tianguang (尒朱天光)
Directly stated · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 114
Marched on Luoyang
Military · Commander · At Luoyang 洛
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 130
Massed troops and supplies within ten days
AD 529 顥既入洛 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0104h
Personally pursued Chen Qingzhi's retreat
AD 527 to AD 529 大通初 · Military · Commander · With Chen Qingzhi (陳慶之)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 32, passage 101
Pursued Qingzhi
Military · Pursuer · With Chen Qingzhi (陳慶之)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0137w
Raised righteousness entered Luoyang
AD 528 屬尒朱榮建義 · Military · Leader · At Luoyang 洛
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 7
Raised troops inward
AD 528 明帝崩、孝莊即位前後 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 74-76
Raised troops to assault
AD 526 to AD 528 尒朱榮兵威漸盛 · Military · Attacker · With Qingbin (慶賓) · At Sizhou 肆州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Wei 31, passage 197
Received fugitives
Asylum · Host · With Duan Rong (段榮)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 16, passage 11
Seated and questioned
Consultation · Host · With Gao Huan (高歡)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 55, 61
Seized edict from zisheng
Confrontation · Interrogator · With Wen Zisheng (溫子升)
Directly stated · Book of Wei 91, passages 188-189
Sent against
AD 529 narrated before 冬，十月 in Liang Records 9 · Military · Dispatching authority · With Hou Yuan (侯淵) · At Ji 薊
Directly stated · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 211
Stormed henei and beheaded zhensun and xi
AD 529 六月，壬寅 · Military · Commander · With Yuan Tianmu (元天穆)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0116b
Erzhu Rong’s turmoil 尒朱榮亂
Political · Instigator · Upheaval
Directly stated · Book of Liang 39, passage 36
Relation Predecessor of · Person Erzhu Zhao (爾朱兆) · Tong followed Zhao after Rong died
Directly stated · Book of Zhou 32, passage 324
Relation Commander of · Person Hou Yuan (侯淵)
Directly stated · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 211
Relation Patron of · Person Hulu Jin (斛律金)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 17, passage 14
Relation Patron of · Person Sima Ziru (司馬子如)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 129
Relation Commander of · Person Sun Teng (孫騰)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 7
Relation Kin of · Person Erzhu Shilong (尒朱世隆)
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 23, passage 37
Relation Kinsman of · Person Erzhu Shilong (尒朱世隆)
Strongly inferred · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 104
Relation Kinsman of · Person Erzhu Tianguang (尒朱天光)
Strongly inferred · Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance 153, passage 114
Relation Commander of · Person Erzhu Zhao (尒朱兆)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0137t
Relation Kinsman of · Person Erzhu Zhao (尒朱兆)
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 84, 86
Relation Commander of · Person Helü Sheng (賀拔勝)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0137t

Assessments and attributes

Assessment compared by Wei Shou to Wei Qing, Peng Yue, Yi Yin, and Huo Guang · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Wei Shou (魏收)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 48, passage 43
Assessment hated Qingbin · With Qingbin (慶賓) · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Wei 31, passage 197
Assessment still dares to swagger · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Yuan Hao (元顥)
Directly stated · zizhitongjian:153:s0121h

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 1, passages 49, 249; Book of Northern Qi 18, passage 129; Book of Northern Qi 23, passage 37; Book of Northern Qi 28, passage 1; Book of Wei 91, passage 187; zizhitongjian:153:s0031a

References in the histories

Search passages

History

116 passages

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 1Volume 1 Annals 1: Emperor Shenwu 1 · 24 passages

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遂奔葛榮，又亡歸尒朱榮於秀容。 He fled next to Ge Rong, then broke away again and took refuge with Erzhu Rong at Xiurong.

先是，劉貴事榮，盛言神武美，至是始得見，以憔悴故，未之奇也。 Liu Gui had long served Erzhu Rong and spoken lavishly of Gao Huan's gifts; now Gao Huan finally met Rong face to face, but worn and haggard as he was, Rong saw nothing remarkable in him.

因隨榮之廄。 He then followed Rong into the stables.

廄有惡馬，榮命翦之。 A vicious stallion was in the stable, and Rong ordered its mane clipped.

榮遂坐神武於床下，屏左右而訪時事。 Rong then seated Gao Huan below his couch, dismissed his attendants, and questioned him on the state of the realm.

榮曰：「但言爾意。」 Rong replied, "Tell me what you have in mind."

榮大悅，語自日中至夜半，乃出。 Rong was delighted; they talked from noon until midnight before Gao Huan left.

後從榮徙據幷州，抵揚州邑人龐蒼鷹，止團焦中。 Later, when Rong shifted his base to Bing Province, Gao Huan stayed with Pang Cangying of Yangzhou township in a round-walled compound called Tuanjiao.

旣而榮以神武為親信都督。 Soon after, Erzhu Rong appointed Gao Huan trusted commander.

于於時魏明帝銜鄭儼、徐紇，逼靈太后，未敢制，私使榮舉兵內向。 At that time Emperor Ming of Northern Wei loathed Zheng Yan and Xu He, who dominated Empress Dowager Ling, but dared not move against them openly; he secretly urged Erzhu Rong to march on the capital.

榮以神武為前鋒。 Rong made Gao Huan his vanguard.

及帝暴崩，榮遂入洛，因將篡位。 When the emperor died suddenly, Rong entered Luoyang and prepared to seize the throne himself.

神武諫，恐不聽，請鑄像卜之，鑄不成，乃止。 Gao Huan remonstrated; fearing Rong would not heed him, he had a Buddha image cast for divination—and when the casting failed, Rong abandoned the plan.

及尒朱榮擊葛榮，令神武喻下賊別稱王者七人。 When Erzhu Rong campaigned against Ge Rong, he sent Gao Huan to talk seven rebel kings into surrender.

累遷第三鎮人酋長，常在榮帳內。 He rose to become chief of the third garrison peoples and remained constantly at Erzhu Rong's side.

榮嘗問左右曰：「一日無我，誰可主軍？」 Rong once asked his companions, "If I were gone, who could lead these armies?"

曰：「此正可統三千騎以還，堪代我主衆者，唯賀六渾耳。」 Rong said, "Zhao can lead three thousand horsemen home, but only Heiliuhun is fit to replace me in command of the host."

於是大聚斂，因劉貴貨榮下要人，盡得其意。 Gao Huan amassed wealth on a grand scale and, through Liu Gui, bought off Erzhu Rong's inner circle until he knew their minds completely.

時州庫角無故自鳴，神武異之，無幾而孝莊誅榮。 About then a horn in the provincial storehouse sounded of its own accord; Gao Huan took it for an omen—and soon Emperor Xiaozhuang killed Erzhu Rong.

初，孝莊之誅尒朱榮，知其黨必有逆謀，乃密敕步藩令襲其後。 Earlier, when Emperor Xiaozhuang killed Erzhu Rong, he knew the Erzhu faction would rebel and secretly ordered Bu Fan to attack them from the rear.

神武拳毆之，折其一齒，曰：「生平天柱時，奴輩伏處分如鷹犬，今日天下安置在王，而阿鞠泥敢誣下罔上，請殺之。」 Gao Huan struck him with his fist and broke a tooth, saying, "In the days of the Heavenly Pillar you fellows submitted to orders like hawks and hounds. The realm now rests with you, my lord, yet Ajuni dares deceive those below and mislead those above—I ask leave to kill him."

路逢尒朱榮妻北鄉長公主，自洛陽來，馬三百匹，盡奪易之。 On the road he met the Northern Xiangchang Princess, Erzhu Rong's widow, riding from Luoyang with three hundred horses—and seized every one.

神武大哭曰：「自天柱薨背，賀六渾更何所仰，願大家千萬歲，以申力用。 Gao Huan wept and said, "Since the Heavenly Pillar died, Heiliuhun has no one else to serve. Live ten thousand years, my lord, that I may still put my strength at your use.

慕容紹宗以尒朱榮妻子及餘衆自保烏突城，降，神武以義故，待之甚厚。 Murong Shaozong held Wutu City with Erzhu Rong's family and the remnants; he surrendered, and for old righteousness's sake Gao Huan treated him with great generosity.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 15Volume 15 Biographies 7: Dou Tai; Wei Jing; Lou Zhao; His Nephew Rui; Kudie Gan; His Son Shiwen; Han Gui; Pan Le · 5 passages

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泰父兄戰歿於鎮，泰身負骸骨歸尒朱榮。 Dou Tai's father and elder brother died in battle at the garrison; Dou Tai personally carried their bones back to Erzhu Rong.

魏孝昌中，北鎮反，景與神武入杜洛周軍中，仍共歸尒朱榮。 In the Xiaochang era of Wei, when the northern garrisons rebelled, Jing entered Du Luozhou's army together with Gao Huan and then both returned to Erzhu Rong.

孝昌元年，北邊擾亂，奔雲中，為刺史費穆送於尒朱榮。 In the first year of Xiaochang, when the northern frontier fell into disorder, he fled to Yunzhong and was sent by Inspector Fei Mu to Erzhu Rong.

以軍主隨榮入洛。 As an army commander, he followed Erzhu Rong into Luoyang.

榮敗，隨尒朱榮，為別將討元顥，以功封敷城縣男。 When Rong was defeated he followed Erzhu Rong, served as a separate commander against Yuan Hao, and for merit was enfeoffed baron of Fucheng County.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 16Volume 16 Biographies 8: Duan Rong; Duan Shao · 1 passage

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屬杜洛周為亂，榮與高祖謀誅之，事不捷，共奔尒朱榮。 Just then Du Luozhou rebelled; Duan Rong and Gao Huan plotted to kill him, but the matter failed, and together they fled to Erzhu Rong.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 17Volume 17 Biographies 9: Hulü Jin; Hulü Guang; Hulü Xian · 3 passages

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稍引南出黃瓜堆，為杜洛周所破，部衆分散，金與兄平二人脫身歸尒朱榮。 He gradually led his force south out of Huangguadui but was defeated by Du Luozhou; his troops scattered, and Hulü Jin and his elder brother Ping alone escaped to Erzhu Rong.

榮表金為別將，累遷都督。 Erzhu Rong memorialized to have Hulü Jin made a separate commander; he rose in succession to grand commander.

及歸尒朱榮，待之甚厚，以平襲父爵第一領民酋長。 When they returned to Erzhu Rong, he was treated with great favor, and Ping inherited their father's title as First Chieftain of Registered Tribal Peoples.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 18Volume 18 Biographies 10: Sun Teng; Gao Longzhi; Sima Ziru · 7 passages

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屬尒朱榮建義，騰隋榮入洛，例除冗從僕射。 When Erzhu Rong raised righteousness, Sun Teng followed him into Luoyang and by precedent was made supernumerary vice master of attendants.

孝昌中，北州淪陷，子如攜家口南奔肆州，為尒朱榮所禮遇，假以中軍。 In Xiaochang, when the northern provinces fell, Ziru led his household south to Si Province and was treated with honor by Erzhu Rong, who made him acting commander of the middle army.

榮之向洛也，以子如為司馬、持節、假平南將軍，監前軍。 When Rong marched on Luoyang, Ziru was made marshal, given credentials, and appointed acting general who pacifies the south, supervising the vanguard.

次高都，榮以建興險阻，往來沖要，有後顧之憂，以子如行建興太守、當郡都督。 At Gaodu, Rong — because Jianxing was rugged and lay on a vital route with worries for the rear — made Ziru acting governor of Jianxing and commander of that commandery.

榮以子如明辯，能說時事，數遣奉使詣闕，多稱旨，孝莊亦接待焉。 Rong, because Ziru was clear in argument and could speak to the affairs of the time, often sent him on missions to court, where he mostly pleased the throne; Emperor Xiaozhuang also received him warmly.

葛榮之亂，相州孤危，榮遣子如間行入鄴，助加防守。 When Ge Rong's rebellion broke out and Xiang Province stood isolated and perilous, Rong sent Ziru by secret route into Ye to help strengthen its defense.

尒朱榮之誅，子如知有變，自宮內突出，至榮宅，棄家隨榮妻子與尒朱世隆等走出京城。 When Erzhu Rong was executed, Ziru knew there had been a coup. He burst out from within the palace, went to Rong's residence, abandoned his household, and followed Rong's wife and children with Erzhu Shilong and others in fleeing the capital.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 23Volume 23 Biographies 15: Wei Langen; Cui Ling · 3 passages

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莊帝之將誅尒朱榮也，蘭根聞其計，遂密告尒朱世隆。 As Emperor Zhuang was about to execute Erzhu Rong, Langen heard of the plan and secretly informed Erzhu Shilong.

榮死，蘭根恐莊帝知之，憂懼不知所出。 When Rong died, Langen feared Zhuang would learn of his involvement and was anxious, not knowing what to do.

時尒朱榮將侯深自范陽趣中山，蘭根與戰，大敗，走依渤海高乾。 At the time Erzhu Rong's general Hou Shen advanced from Fanyang toward Zhongshan. Langen fought him, was routed, and fled to join Gao Gan of Bohai.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 25Volume 25 Biographies 17: Zhang Zuan; Zhang Liang; Zhang Yao; Zhang Qi; Xu Yuan; Wang Jun; Wang Hong · 4 passages

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纂初事尒朱榮，又為尒朱兆都督長史。 Zuan first served Erzhu Rong, then became chief of staff on Erzhu Zhao's staff.

後葛榮破，而基據城不下，尒朱榮遣使喻之，然後始降。 Later, when Ge Rong was defeated, Ji held the city and would not submit; Erzhu Rong sent envoys to instruct him, and only then did he surrender.

榮後以為府從事中郎，令率衆鎮磨川。 Rong later made him staff attendant and ordered him to lead troops to garrison Mochuan.

榮死，紇豆陵步藩虜基歸河西，後逃歸尒朱兆。 When Rong died, Hedouling Bufan took Ji captive to Hexi; later he escaped and returned to Erzhu Zhao.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 26Volume 26 Biographies 18: Xue Chu; Jing Xianjun; Ping Jian · 4 passages

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幷州戎馬之地，尒朱王命世之雄，杖義建旗，奉辭問罪，勞忠竭力，今也其時。」 Bing Province is land of warhorses. Erzhu is the hero born for the age; he raises the banner of righteousness and marches under the charge to punish wrongdoing, toiling in loyalty and straining every force — now is the time."

遂相率奔尒朱榮於晉陽，因陳靜亂安民之策。 Thereupon they went together to Erzhu Rong at Jinyang and set forth a plan to still disorder and settle the people.

榮大奇之，即署參軍前鋒，從平鞏、密，每陣先登。 Rong was greatly struck by him and at once appointed him staff officer of the vanguard. Following the pacification of Gong and Mi, in every battle he was first to charge.

今尒朱披猖，又能去逆從善。 Now that Erzhu runs riot, you can again leave rebellion and follow what is right.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 27Volume 27 Biographies 19: Moqi Pu; Liu Feng; Poliuhan Chang; Jin Zuo; Wei Zican; · 3 passages

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隨尒朱榮每有戰功，累遷汾州刺史、驃騎將軍。 Following Erzhu Rong he won merit in every battle; he rose in successive promotions to inspector of Fenzhou and general of agile cavalry.

遂奔尒朱榮，以為別將，隸天光征關中，以功為渭州刺史。 He then fled to Erzhu Rong, who made him a separate commander; he was attached to Tian Guang's campaign into Guanzhong and, for merit, was made inspector of Wei Province.

孔雀率部下一萬人降於尒朱榮，詔加平北將軍、第一領民酋長，卒。 Kongque led his division of ten thousand men and submitted to Erzhu Rong; an edict added general who pacifies the north and chief of the first tribally enrolled division, and he died.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 28Volume 28 Biographies 20: Yuan Tan (Eastern Wei); Yuan Bin; Yuan Xiaoyou; Yuan Huiye; Yuan Bi; Yuan Shao (Eastern Wei) · 1 passage

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初，尒朱榮將入洛，父劭恐，以韶寄所親滎陽太守鄭仲明。 Earlier, when Erzhu Rong was about to enter Luoyang, Shao's father feared for him and entrusted him to Zheng Zhongming, the administrator of Xingyang and a close associate.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 29Volume 29 Biographies 21: Li Hun; Zi Zhan; Hun Dihui; Zuzi Gongxu; Li Yu; Di Jin; Zu Dixiao; Zheng Shuzu; Zi Yuande · 2 passages

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未幾而尒朱榮入洛，衣冠殲盡。 Before long Erzhu Rong entered Luoyang and the gentry were wiped out.

尒朱榮之害朝士，將行，曉衣冠為鼠所噬，遂不成行，得免河陰之難。 When Erzhu Rong was about to slaughter the court gentlemen and Xiao was to go, rats gnawed his robe and cap; he could not set out and so escaped the disaster at Heyin.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 34Volume 34 Biographies 26: Yang Yin; Yan Zixian; Song Qindao; Zheng Yi · 1 passage

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及莊帝誅尒朱榮，其從兄侃參贊帷幄。 When Emperor Zhuang executed Erzhu Rong, his cousin Kan took part in planning within the curtains.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 35Volume 35 Biographies 27: Pei Rangzhi; Li Guo; Zhang Yanzhi; Lu Ang; Wang Songnian; Liu Yi · 1 passage

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從尒朱榮平元顥，賜爵武成子，累遷尚書二千石郎中。 He followed Erzhu Rong in defeating Yuan Hao, was enfeoffed baron of Wucheng, and rose to gentleman of the two-thousand-dan rank in the masters of writing.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 36Volume 36 Biographies 28: Xing Shao · 1 passage

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及尒朱榮入洛，京師擾亂，卲與弘農楊愔避地嵩高山。 When Erzhu Rong entered Luoyang and the capital fell into chaos, Shao and Yang Yin of Hongnong fled to Mount Song.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 40Volume 40 Biographies 32: Yu Jin (Northern Qi); Feng Zicong; Helian Ziyue; Tang Yong; Bai Jian · 1 passage

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及高祖起義，侯景為刺史，景本尒朱心腹，子悅勸景起義，景從之。 When Gao Huan raised the righteous army, Hou Jing was governor. Jing had been Erzhu Rong's trusted man; Ziyue urged him to join the uprising, and Jing followed.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 48Volume 48 Biographies 40: Imperial Affines · 2 passages

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尒朱文暢，榮第四子也。 Erzhu Wenchang was Erzhu Rong’s fourth son.

文略嘗大遺魏收金，請為其父作佳傳，收論尒朱榮比韋、彭、伊、霍，蓋由是也。 Wenlüe once paid Wei Shou heavily to glorify his father in print—hence Shou’s likening of Erzhu Rong to Wei Qing, Peng Yue, Yi Yin, and Huo Guang.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 49Volume 49 Biographies 41: Arts · 1 passage

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又有荊次德，有術數，預知尒朱榮成敗，又言代魏者齊。 Jing Cide, versed in numerology, foretold Erzhu Rong’s fall and declared that Qi would replace Wei.

History of the Northern Dynasties, Chapter 87Volume 87 Biographies 75: Cruel Officials · 1 passage

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榮為爾硃榮所破，珍與其餘黨，俱徙并州。 When Ge Rong was defeated by Erzhu Rong, Zhen and the remaining rebels were relocated to Bing Province.

Book of Liang, Chapter 32Volume 32: Chen Qingzhi; Lan Qin · 5 passages

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慮慶之密啓，乃表高祖曰：「河北、河南一時已定，唯尒朱榮尚敢跋扈，臣與慶之自能擒討。 Fearing a secret report from Qingzhi, he wrote Emperor Wu: "Hebei and Henan are pacified for now. Only Erzhu Rong still struts defiantly—your servant and Qingzhi can deal with him ourselves.

魏天柱將軍尒朱榮、右僕射尒朱世隆、大都督元天穆、驃騎將軍尒朱吐沒兒、榮長史高歡、鮮卑、芮芮，勒衆號百萬，挾魏主元子攸來攻顥。 Wei's Pillar of Heaven Erzhu Rong, Erzhu Shilong, Grand Commander Yuan Tianmu, Erzhu Tumener, Rong's chief clerk Gao Huan, and Xianbei and Rouran allies marched with a host they claimed numbered a million, bringing Emperor Ziyou along to crush Hao.

榮將退，時有劉助者，善天文，乃謂榮曰：「不出十日，河南大定。」 Rong was ready to pull back when Liu Zhu, an expert in astronomy, told him, "Within ten days Henan will be fully pacified."

榮乃縛木爲筏，濟自硤石，與顥戰於河橋，顥大敗，走至臨潁，遇賊被擒，洛陽陷。 Rong lashed logs into rafts, crossed at Xiashi, and met Hao at Heqiao. Hao was routed, fled to Linying, was seized by marauders, and Luoyang fell.

慶之馬步數千，結陣東反，榮親自來追，值蒿高山水洪溢，軍人死散。 Qingzhi withdrew east with a few thousand horse and foot. Erzhu Rong pursued in person. Floods on the Song and Gaoshan ranges drowned and scattered his army.

Book of Liang, Chapter 39Volume 39: Yuan Faseng; Yuan Shu; Yuan Yuanda; Wang Shenian; Yang Hua; Yang Kan; Yang Kun; Yang Yaren · 1 passage

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樹仕魏爲宗正卿，屬尒朱榮亂，以天監八年歸國，封爲鄴王，邑二千戶，拜散騎常侍。 In Wei he was Director of the Imperial Clan; after Erzhu Rong’s upheaval he defected in Tianjian year 8, was made Prince of Ye with two thousand households, and became Regular Attendant.

Book of Sui, Chapter 55Volume 55 Biographies 20: Du Yan, Gao Mai, Er Zhu Chang, Zhou Yao, Du Gukai, Qi Fuhui, Zhang Wei, He Hong, Houmo Chenying · 1 passage

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爾朱敞爾硃敞，字乾羅，秀容契胡人，爾硃榮之族子也。 Erzhu Chang, courtesy name Qianluo, was a Qihu tribesman of Xiurong and a kinsman of Erzhu Rong.

Book of Wei, Chapter 27Volume 22: Emperor Xiaowen's Five Princes · 3 passages

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及尒朱榮舉兵向洛。 When Erzhu Rong marched on Luoyang,

俄而聞榮肆毒於河陰，遂南奔蕭衍。 Soon he heard Rong's massacre at Heyin and fled south to Xiao Yan.

及齊獻武王既誅榮，以悅高祖子，宜承大業，乃令人示意。 After Duke Xianwu of Qi killed Rong, deeming Yue Gaozu's son fit for the throne, he sent word of his intent.

Book of Wei, Chapter 31Volume 26: Zhang Sunfei, Weu Guzhen · 3 passages

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時尒朱榮兵威漸盛，曾經肆州，慶賓畏惡之，據城不出。 Erzhu Rong's military fame was then rising; passing through Sizhou once, he found Qingbin so fearful and hostile that the city gates stayed shut.

榮恨慶賓，舉兵襲之。 Rong hated Qingbin and raised troops to take him.

慶賓別駕姚和內應，榮遂害慶賓僚屬，拘慶賓還秀容，呼為假父。 Qingbin's attendant officer Yao He opened the gates from within; Rong killed Qingbin's staff, seized Qingbin, and carried him to Xiurong, calling him "foster father."

Book of Wei, Chapter 86Volume 81: Qi Jun, Shan Wei, Liu Renzhi, Yuwen Zhongzhi · 1 passage

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尒朱榮之害朝士，偉時守直，故免禍。 When Erzhu Rong slaughtered court officials, Wei happened to be on straight duty and so escaped harm.

Book of Wei, Chapter 89Volume 83b: Families of Imperial Consorts 2: Gao Zhao, Yu Jin, Hu Guozhen, Li Yanshi · 2 passages

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暉善事人，為尒朱榮所親，以女妻其子長孺。 Hui was skilled at winning people over. Erzhu Rong favored him and gave him his daughter as wife for his son Changru.

尒朱榮之死也，武毅之士皆彧所進。 When Erzhu Rong died, the bold warriors who struck him down had all been introduced by Yu.

Book of Wei, Chapter 91Volume 85: Men of Letters: Yuan Yue, Pei Jingxian, Lu Guan, Feng Su, Xing Cang, Pei Bomao, Xing Xin · 3 passages

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及帝殺尒朱榮也，子昇預謀，當時赦詔，子昇詞也。 When the Emperor killed Erzhu Rong, Zisheng took part in the plot; the amnesty edict of that hour was in Zisheng's words.

榮入內，遇子昇，把詔書問是何文書，子昇顏色不變，曰「敕」。 Rong entered the inner quarters, met Zisheng, seized the edict and asked what document it was; Zisheng's expression did not change as he answered, "An imperial order."

榮不視之。 Rong did not read it.

Book of Wei, Chapter 110Volume 104: Author's Preface · 2 passages

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及莊帝殺尒朱榮，遇禍於河陰者其家率相弔賀。 After Emperor Zhuang had Erzhu Rong killed, families whose relatives had been killed at Heyin exchanged ostensible condolences that were really celebrations.

初以父功除太學博士，及尒朱榮於河陰濫害朝士，收亦在圍中，以日晏獲免。 He first received appointment as Erudite of the Imperial Academy through his father's service. When Erzhu Rong massacred court officials at Heyin, Shou was caught in the roundup but spared because nightfall had come.

Book of Zhou, Chapter 10Volume 10 Biographies 2: Duke Hao of Shaohui; Duke Lian of Qijian; Duke Luosheng of Juzhuang; Duke Zhong of Yuguo · 3 passages

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爾朱榮定山東，收諸豪傑，遷於晉陽，洛生時在虜中。 When Erzhu Rong settled Shandong he gathered local strongmen and moved them to Jinyang; Luosheng was among the prisoners.

榮雅聞其名，心憚之。 Erzhu Rong had long known his reputation and feared him in his heart.

尋為榮所害。 Before long Erzhu Rong had him killed.

Book of Zhou, Chapter 17Volume 17 Biographies 9: Liang Yu; Guo Ganhui; Yi Feng; Liu Liang; Wang De · 2 passages

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惠年弱冠，從爾朱榮征伐，定河北，破元顥，以功拜中堅將軍。 At twenty Gan Hui followed Erzhu Rong on campaign, secured Hebei, and defeated Yuan Hao; for this he was made general of the central guard.

魏永安二年，從爾朱榮討元顥，攻河內，應募先登。 In Yongan 2 (529) he followed Erzhu Rong against Yuan Hao, attacked Henei, and was first over the wall when volunteers were called.

Book of Zhou, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies 24: Shen Hui; Lu Tong; Younger Brother Cheng; Liu Min; Lu Rou; Tang Jin · 2 passages

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通乃自拔東歸，從爾朱榮。 Tong made his own escape back east and entered Erzhu Rong's service.

榮死，又從爾朱兆。 After Rong died he followed Erzhu Zhao.