Yao Cha (姚察) | 24 Histories

Overview

Yao Cha was an official Historian and Commentator.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Boshen	伯審	Boshen

Life and dates

Birth

c. AD 533 年七十四，大業二年，終于東都
Derivation Death in AD 606 at East Asian age seventy-four.
Derived from the source · Book of Chen 27, passage 197

Death

AD 606 大業二年
At eastern capital 東都
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 197
AD 606 臨亡之時
Deathbed charge to son
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 241

Age

12
Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 98
13
Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 100
14
AD 546 to AD 547 梁世……年十四 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 202
6
Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 95
74
AD 606 大業二年 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 197

Attested activity

AD 557 to AD 589 Chen-dynasty appraisal by Yao Cha
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 25, passage 314
AD 602 仁壽二年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 191
AD 552 to AD 554 元帝於荊州即位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 109
AD 593 十三年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 185
AD 549 to AD 551 及簡文嗣位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 101
AD 581 to AD 618 吳興姚察
Directly stated · History of the Northern Dynasties 88, passage 184

Show 30 more source-backed claims

AD 606 大業二年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 197
AD 574 太建六年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 30, passage 109
AD 569 太建初
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passages 114-115
AD 557 to AD 589 姚察為梁、陳之史官
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 220
AD 557 to AD 589 姚察論朱异賀琛
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 38, passage 346
AD 560 to AD 580 往歲之聘周
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 186
AD 582 to AD 589 後主
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passages 167, 175
AD 583 to AD 589 後主
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 226-227, 229
AD 582 後主纂業
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 136
AD 546 to AD 547 梁世……年十四
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 187, 202
AD 530 to AD 549 梁簡文帝時在東宮
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 100
AD 557 永定初
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 112
AD 600 to AD 605 煬帝初在東宮……即位之始
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 193-194
AD 606 臨亡之時
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 241
AD 585 至德三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 32, passage 95
AD 583 至德元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 138
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇之時
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 240
AD 589 開皇九年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 182
AD 557 to AD 589 陈
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 42, passage 114
AD 557 to AD 589 陳
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 27, passages 278, 282-283; Book of Liang 11, passage 243
AD 557 to AD 589 陳
Directly stated · Book of Liang 16, passage 176; Book of Liang 27, passage 256
AD 557 to AD 589 陳
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 17, passage 147
AD 557 to AD 589 陳世
Directly stated · Book of Liang 19, passage 108
AD 557 to AD 589 陳世
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 37, passage 92
AD 557 to AD 589 陳吏部尚書
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 9, passage 205
AD 557 to AD 589 陳吏部尚書
Directly stated · Book of Liang 18, passage 230; Book of Liang 30, passage 199; Book of Liang 35, passage 208
c. AD 589 陳吏部尚書
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 14, passage 281
AD 557 to AD 589 陳吏部尚書姚察
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 15, passage 127
AD 557 to AD 589 陳吏部尚書姚察曰
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 8, passage 239
AD 557 to AD 589 陳吏部尚書姚察曰
Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 12, passage 262

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Yao Xin (姚信)
ninth-generation ancestor 九世祖 · paternal line · 9 generations
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 93, 170
Child of Yao Sengyuan (姚僧垣)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 99, 139, 186, 265, 267
Parent of Yao Silian (姚思廉)
late father 先臣 · Ended
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · Book of Chen 27, passages 241, 284
Child of Lady Wei (韋氏)
mother 母
Sources vary in certainty · Book of Chen 27, passages 94, 104, 134, 140
Child of Lady Du (杜氏)
stepmother 後母 · Step parentage
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 189

Kinship Role brothers · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 99
Kinship Role household-members · Quantity numerous
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 105
Kinship Role kinsmen · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 225
Kinship Role younger-brothers-and-sisters · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 107

Key source chapters

Book of Chen, Chapter 27 Volume 27: Jiang Zong; Yao Cha 56 passages
Book of Chen, Chapter 2 Volume 2: Emperor Wu 2 3 passages
Book of Chen, Chapter 32 Volume 32: Filial Piety 3 passages
History of the Northern Dynasties, Chapter 88 Volume 88 Biographies 76: Recluses 1 passage
Book of Chen, Chapter 30 Volume 30: Xiao Ji; Lu Qiong; Gu Yewang; Fu Zai 1 passage

Origins and identity

humble clan of the eastern marshes 東皋賤族
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 167
plain scholars for generations 家世素士
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 198

Career and standing

court scholar and historiographer 學士
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 231, 241
historian completing Liang and Chen histories 成梁、陳二代史
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 182
historian-commentator 史評者
Directly stated · Book of Liang 11, passages 243-244
historian 撰史
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 111
official historian of Liang and Chen 梁、陳之史官
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 220
magistrate of Yuanxiang 原鄉令
AD 552 to AD 554 元帝於荊州即位 · Appointed · Authority Emperor Yuan of Liang (梁元帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 109

Show 53 more source-backed claims

reader-attendant to Yang Zhao, Prince of Jin 侍晉王昭讀
AD 602 仁壽二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 192
supernumerary regular attendant of the scattered cavalry 員外散騎常侍
AD 602 仁壽二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 191
academic of the Hall of Bright Illumination 宣明殿學士
AD 569 太建初 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 114
vice attendant-in-ordinary of the scattered cavalry and left direct communicator 散騎侍郎、左通直
AD 569 太建初 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 114
academic of the Hall of Illustrious Virtue 嘉德殿學士
AD 557 永定初 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 112
Merit Officer on the staff of the Prince of Shixing 始興王府功曹參軍
AD 557 永定初 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 112
vice director of the secretariat 中書侍郎
AD 583 至德元年 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 138
secretariat assistant 祕書丞
AD 589 開皇九年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 182
acting aide in the Prince of Nanjun's establishment 南郡王行參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 103
assistant compiler 佐著作
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 111
Attendant Gentleman of the Yellow Gate 給事黃門侍郎
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 154
central recorder of the princedom of Yidu under splendid favor 宣惠宜都王中錄事參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 133
eastern palace academic 東宮學士
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 120
history assistant 史佐
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 113
inner attendant to the heir apparent 太子內舍人
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 194
left regular attendant to the Prince of Nanhai 南海王國左常侍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 102
minister of personnel 吏部尚書
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 162
minister of revenue 度支尚書
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 162
regular attendant of the scattered cavalry 散騎常侍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 162
secretary supervisor 祕書監
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 160
regular attendant-in-ordinary of the scattered cavalry for direct communication 通直散騎常侍
AD 569 太建初 · Concurrent
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 115
eastern palace communicating affairs attendant 東宮通事舍人
Concurrent
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 136, 145
gentleman of the masters of writing for the carriage-office 尚書駕部郎
Concurrently held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 103
gentleman of the secretariat for texts 司文侍郎
Concurrently held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 102
Director of the Ministry of Personnel of Chen 陳吏部尚書
AD 557 to AD 589 陳 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 27, passage 256
Chen Minister of Personnel 陳吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 14, passage 281
Chen Minister of the Secretariat 陳吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 9, passage 205
Director of the Imperial Secretariat 吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 37, passage 92
Director of the Ministry of Personnel 吏部尚書
Held · Polity Chen 陳
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 214
Director of the Ministry of Personnel 吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 30, passage 199; Book of Liang 38, passage 346
head of the history office 領著作
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 154
minister of personnel / selection 選部
Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passages 167, 172, 175
Minister of Personnel of Chen 陳吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 35, passage 208
minister of personnel 吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 32, passage 95
Minister of Personnel 吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 8, passage 239; Book of Liang 11, passage 243; Book of Liang 12, passage 262; Book of Liang 18, passage 230; Book of Liang 42, passage 114
Minister of Personnel of Chen 陳吏部尚書
Held
Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 314
oversight of director of history duties 知著作郎事
Ordered
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 154
vice director of the ministry of rites for sacrificial affairs 尚書祠部侍郎
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 125
rongzhao general 戎昭將軍
Recalled
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 135
zhongyi general 忠毅將軍
Recalled
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 145
eastern palace academic 東宮學士
Retained
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 133
consulting colonel to the Prince of Huainan 仁威淮南王府諮議參軍
Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 134
consulting colonel to the Prince of Jian'an 平南建安王府諮議參軍
Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 134
Recorder on the staff of the Prince of Shixing, General of the Central Guard with Ceremonial Parity 中衛、儀同始興王府記室參軍
AD 557 永定初 · Transferred
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 112
steward of the heir apparent 太子僕
AD 583 至德元年 · Transferred
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 138
founding duke of Beijiang commandery 北絳郡開國公
AD 602 仁壽二年 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 191
Duke of Beijiang commandery 北絳郡公
AD 593 十三年 · Inherited
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 185
Entered
Mourning
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 189-191
Left office
Mourning · Kinship Role mother · With Lady Wei (韋氏)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 134
Observed
Mourning austerity
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 139, 155
Ordered
AD 602 仁壽二年 · Forced recall from mourning
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 191
Referred as late father
Deceased
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 284
Refused private gifts
Incorrupt
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 177, 181

Places and affiliations

AD 589 開皇九年
Polity Sui 隋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 182
Chen 陳
Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Liang 8, passage 239; Book of Liang 27, passage 256; Book of Liang 30, passage 199; Book of Liang 37, passage 92; Book of Liang 38, passage 346
Polity Chen 陳 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passages 214, 220; Book of Chen 27, passages 112, 128, 136, 182, 187, 204, 226, 249; Book of Liang 11, passage 243; Book of Liang 12, passage 262; Book of Liang 18, passage 230; Book of Liang 25, passage 314; Book of Liang 35, passage 208; Book of Liang 42, passage 114
Polity Chen 陳 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 27, passages 278, 282-283
Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Lived under
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 202
Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 220; Book of Chen 27, passages 100, 102, 109, 139

Show 11 more source-backed claims

Polity Sui 隋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 240
At eastern marshes 東皋
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 167
At Wukang in Wuxing 吳興武康
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 92
At Wuxing 吳興
Directly stated · History of the Northern Dynasties 88, passage 184; Book of Chen 32, passage 95
AD 606 大業二年
At eastern capital 東都 · Relation Died at
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 197
At eastern lands 東土 · Relation Resided during famine
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 105
At Guan region 關右 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 115-116
At old family tomb to the north 舊塋北 · Relation Burial intended
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 201
At Wukang 武康 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 92
At Yuanxiang 原鄉 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 109-110
At Zhuhua Pavilion 朱華閣 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 183

Learning and skills

Belief Buddhism 佛法 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 187, 202, 209
Skill literary composition 屬文 · Level able at age twelve
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 98
Skill reciting books 誦書 · Level more than ten thousand words at age six
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 95
Skill literary composition 文筆 · Level renowned
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 227, 229
Skill mastery of classics and personal/family lore 博極墳素，尤善人物 · Level renowned
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 163
Skill textual criticism and composition 研覈古今，諟正文字 · Level renowned
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 215, 217

Works and attributed material

Record of Roads on the Western Mission 西聘道里記
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 119
Jade Seal Memorial 玉璽記
Relation Author · Extent one scroll 一卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 239
Record of the Three Bells of Jiankang 建康三鍾記
Relation Author · Extent one scroll 一卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 239
Western Embassy Memorial 西聘記
Relation Author · Extent one scroll 一卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 239
Forest of Discourses 說林
Relation Author · Extent ten scrolls 十卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 239
Exegesis and Digest of the Han History 漢書訓纂
Relation Author · Extent thirty scrolls 三十卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 239

Show 30 more source-backed claims

Collected Works 文集
Relation Author · Extent twenty scrolls 二十卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 239
History of Chen 陳史
Relation Author · unfinished
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 240-241
History of Liang 梁史
Relation Author · unfinished
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 240-241
essays 文章
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 283
poem in Xiao Ziyun rhyme on the temple 用蕭韻述懷為詠
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 188
Record of Roads on the Western Mission 西聘道里記
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 119
stele for Master Shang 禪師碑
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 187
writings on temples, stupas, and monks 寺塔及眾僧文章
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 218
Collection of Secretariat Memorials 中書表集
Relation Compiler
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 161
history of Liang 梁史
Relation Compiler
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 135
Memorial · Author · With Heir Apparent (太子) · Direct quotation · Extent s0147, s0148, s0149, s0150 · Mode memorial Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 147-150
Historian judgment · Author · Extent s0199, s0200, s0201
Directly stated · Book of Liang 30, passages 199-201
Historical judgment · Author · Extent s0214, s0215, s0216, s0217, s0218
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passages 214-218
Appraisal · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Liang 9, passages 205-208
Charge · Speaker · With Yao Silian (姚思廉)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 241
Commentary · Speaker · With Xie Fei (謝朏) · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 15, passages 127-130
Commentary · Author · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 16, passages 176-185
Commentary · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Liang 18, passages 230-234; Book of Liang 19, passages 108-113; Book of Liang 42, passages 114-116
Historian appraisal · Author · With Xu Mian (徐勉) · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 314-316
Historian appraisal · Speaker · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 27, passage 256
Historian comment · Author · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 8, passages 239-242
Historian comment · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Liang 17, passages 147-152
Historian comment · Author
Directly stated · Book of Liang 12, passages 262-265; Book of Liang 38, passages 346-353
Historian comment · Speaker
Directly stated · Book of Liang 14, passages 281-285; Book of Liang 37, passages 92-102
Historian commentary · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Liang 35, passages 208-214
Historian judgment · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Liang 11, passages 243-244
drafted Xu Ling's memorials declining office and seeking retirement
Memorial · Author · With Xu Ling (徐陵)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 113
Speech · Speaker · With Heir Apparent (太子) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 167-174
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 179-180, 209
Testament · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 198-208

Events and relationships

Analyzed textual doubts
Scholarly · Explicator · With Liu Zhen (劉臻)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 117
Argued Liang music correct
Ritual · Dissenter · With Emperor Xuan (陳宣帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 131
Attended Prince of Jin
AD 602 仁壽二年 · Court · Tutor reader · With Yang Zhao, Prince of Jin (晉王昭)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 192
Completed reading Buddhist canon
Religious · Reader
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 209
Consulted on books
Court · Adviser · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 193
Decided doubtful points
Judicial advisory · Arbiter · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 249

Show 47 more source-backed claims

Declined but could not escape
Personnel · Appointee
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 135
Declined urgently
Personnel · Appointee
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 166
Delivered matching poem
Literary · Author · With Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 237
Discussed appointments
Court · Summoned · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 167
Drafted palace writings
Court · Drafter · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 123
Drove out gift giver
Refusal of gift · Official
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 178-181
Eased taxes and urged farming
Administrative · Magistrate · At Yuanxiang 原鄉
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 110
Extensive revisions at secretariat
Scholarly · Editor
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 161
Gathered books with study funds
Scholarly · Student
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 99
Gave salary to temple building
Patronage · Benefactor
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 187
Handled posthumous titles and eulogies
Court · Writer
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 137
Heard lectures and disputations
Scholarly · Participant · At Hall of Propagating Virtue 宣猷堂 · With Emperor Jianwen of Liang (梁簡文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 100
Imperial tours
Court · Attendant · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 195
Inherited duke title
AD 593 十三年 · Inheritance · Heir
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 185-186
Inner hall gift of vegetables
Audience · Summoned · With Emperor Wen of Sui (隋文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 184
Judged Liang treatment of Qi collateral kin versus Wei, Jin, Song, and Qi precedents
Scholarly · Commentator
Directly stated · Book of Liang 35, passages 208, 213-214
Kept old fasting vow despite edict
Personal · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 159
Mission to Zhou
AD 560 to AD 580 往歲之聘周 · Diplomatic · Envoy · With Yao Sengyuan (姚僧垣)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 186
Mourned stepmother
Ritual · Mourner · With Lady Du (杜氏)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 189-190
Observed Chen imperial name taboo
Scholarly · Historian
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passages 220, 257
Ordered plain burial
Burial · Deceased
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 197-201, 208
histories of Liang and Chen 梁、陳二代史
AD 589 開皇九年 · Appointment · Appointee · Ordered to complete histories
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 182
Questioned in turn
Scholarly · Debater · With Gu Yewang (顧野王)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 124
Received bodhisattva precepts
AD 546 to AD 547 梁世……年十四 · Religious · Recipient · With Master Shang (尚禪師) · At Mingqing Temple on Zhongshan 鍾山明慶寺
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 187, 202
Repeated refusal denied
Personnel · Petitioner
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 160
Return mission
AD 569 to AD 582 太建初 · Diplomatic · Envoy · At Zhou 周
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 115
Returned home with parents
AD 548 to AD 552 梁室喪亂 · Travel · Participant · At Jinling 金陵
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 104
Revised court dress and ritual
Court · Adviser · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 196
Revised drafts
Literary · Reviser · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 226
Served heir
Court · Literary companion · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 121-122
Shared own share with siblings and friends
Personal · Benefactor
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 107
Sought full mourning refused
Personnel · Petitioner
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 146
Sought support funds for parents
Personal · Provider
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 106
Sternly drove someone out
Court · Actor
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 278
Studied without ceasing amid chaos
Scholarly · Student
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 108
Submitted unfinished histories
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇之時 · Scholarly · Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 240
Vegetable diet and plain cloth
Mourning · Son · With Yao Sengyuan (姚僧垣)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 139
White dove nested above door
Omen · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 190
Wrote matching piece
Literary · Author · With Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 235, 237
Relation Quotes · Person Meng Ke (孟軻)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 8, passage 239
Relation Friend of · Person Cui Ze (崔賾)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 77, passage 166
Relation Colleague of · Person Gu Yewang (顧野王)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 121, 124
Relation Served · Person Prince of Nanjun (南郡王)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 103
Relation Minister of · Person Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 176
Relation Served · Person Prince of Nanhai (南海王)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 102
Relation Student of · Person Master Shang (尚禪師)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 187, 202
Relation Teacher of · Person Xu Jian (徐儉)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 231

Assessments and attributes

Assessment the two men's gorgeously ornate works matched their time · Mode historian-judgment · About Ren Fang (任昉), Jiang Yan (江淹)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 14, passage 283
Assessment clarifying-mirror office likened to master carpenter; satisfied court as selection minister · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 164
Assessment deeply filial; keen eye for human relations; modest; incorruptible; devoted to books · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 212-214, 224
Assessment esteemed by men of discernment · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 238
Assessment held in high regard for discourse and composition · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 122
Assessment households flourished; people still praise him · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 110

Show 21 more source-backed claims

Assessment in youth did not care for play, gambling, or miscellaneous games · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 96
Assessment Lan could govern well; gentlemen approved · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 15, passage 130
Assessment learning and conduct unmatched; only man gained in pacifying Chen · Mode named-speech Speaker Emperor Wen of Sui (隋文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 184
Assessment learning deep and wide; writing sets the literary standard; model for the age · Mode named-speaker Speaker Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 227-228
Assessment master of the craft; essays never tire of savoring · Mode named-speaker Speaker Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 229
Assessment only Ma Xianpin could submit afterward; when guarding the border even Li Mu could not surpass them · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 17, passages 148, 150
Assessment possessed fine virtues; could reform custom and thicken human relations; led as teacher of men; gentry standard · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Silian (姚思廉)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 247-248
Assessment praised by Confucians · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 100
Assessment received these fine virtues · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Silian (姚思廉)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 284
Assessment refused to bend to fashion · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 132
Assessment responses very detailed and clear · Mode named-source-report
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 282
Assessment studied with painful zeal night and day · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 97
Assessment Taiqing chaos could not fail to reach this outcome · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 38, passage 353
Assessment These three were Chu's pillars; Tan heavier on frontier, Ai in office · Mode commentator-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 19, passages 109, 111-112
Assessment took only wild greens for himself while relieving others · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 107
Assessment utmost nature; known for filial piety in serving parents · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 94
Assessment virtue and learning have no precedent; should be taken as teacher · Mode named-speaker Speaker Xu Ling (徐陵)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 231
Assessment Xie Fei was loyal and righteous in Song times · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Liang 15, passage 127
vegetarian for more than fifty years
Diet
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 184, 207
chronic breathing ailment after prolonged mourning and plain diet
Illness
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 155
Item funeral gifts from both palaces 賵賻 · Relation Received
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 211

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 92, 111, 167, 226, 278, 283; Book of Liang 35, passage 208; Book of Liang 37, passage 92
gave all salary and gifts to relieve kin and old friends
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 225
On state canons, court regulations, and ancient and modern doubtful points Houzhu always took his judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 249
served confidentially without leaks; wished to withdraw from fame
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 222-223