Senggebao (勝保) | 24 Histories

Overview

Senggebao was a Libationer of the Imperial Academy.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1853 to AD 1854 Hejian defense before 咸豐四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 391, passages 146-147
AD 1853 三年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 392, passages 81, 87
AD 1862 勝保
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 405, passage 184
AD 1861 十一年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 441, passages 9, 14
AD 1862 同治元年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 390, passage 166; Draft History of Qing 438, passage 112; Draft History of Qing 440, passage 11
AD 1853 咸豐三年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 206

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AD 1853 咸豐三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passages 24, 26
AD 1853 to AD 1855 咸豐三年至五年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 398, passage 104
AD 1855 咸豐五年前後
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 423, passage 16
AD 1851 咸豐元年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 41
AD 1858 咸豐八年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 394, passage 67
AD 1860 咸豐十年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 133, passages 45, 100, 104; Draft History of Qing 386, passages 56, 66
AD 1860 咸豐十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passage 80
AD 1854 咸豐四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passage 27
AD 1854 咸豐四年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 125
AD 1854 四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 83
AD 1861 to AD 1862 從侍郎勝保徵捻
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 181
AD 1855 逾年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 84

Key source chapters

Career and standing

militia supervisor 督辦鄉團
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 45
Banner Commander 都統
AD 1853 咸豐三年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passage 24
Assistant Grand Councilor for Military Affairs 幫辦軍務大臣
AD 1854 四年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 125
Grand Minister for Assisting in Military Affairs 幫辦軍務大臣
AD 1854 四年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 83
banner commander 都統
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 392, passage 87
imperial commissioner 欽差
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 440, passage 11

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Imperial Commissioner 欽差大臣
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 206
Vice Minister 侍郎
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 181
Libationer of the Imperial Academy 祭酒
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 41
Arrested
AD 1862 同治元年 · Arrested
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 440, passage 11
impeached for crimes 劾...罪狀
AD 1854 四年 · Impeached · Authority Mao Hongbin (毛鴻賓)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 125

Places and affiliations

Qing 清
Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 45; Draft History of Qing 373, passage 41
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 66; Draft History of Qing 405, passage 184; Draft History of Qing 424, passages 83, 125; Draft History of Qing 461, passage 181

Works and attributed material

AD 1851 咸豐元年
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 41
AD 1854 四年
Impeachment · Author · With Zhang Liangji (張亮基)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 83

Events and relationships

Campaigned against Nian
AD 1861 to AD 1862 徵捻 · Military · Commander · With Chang Shun (長順)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 181
Forced hiring of braves
Administrative · Commander · At Henan 河南
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 100
Fought at Pingyang
Military · Commander · At Pingyang 平陽
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 392, passage 94
Impeached
AD 1854 四年 · Legal · Accuser · With Zhang Liangji (張亮基)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passages 83-84
Impeached
AD 1854 四年 · Legal · Accused · With Mao Hongbin (毛鴻賓)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 125
Pursued rebels into Shandong
AD 1854 咸豐四年 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passage 27

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Pursued rebels
AD 1853 咸豐三年 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passage 26
Wounded and routed at Baliqiao
AD 1860 咸豐十年 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 388, passage 80
Military logistics · Commander demanding supplies · At Hejian 河間
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 391, passages 146-147
Relation Impeacher of · Person Zhang Liangji (張亮基)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 83
Relation Patron of · Person Lu Chuanlin (鹿傳霖)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 438, passage 112
Relation Superior of · Person Song Jingshi (宋景詩)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 440, passage 11
Relation Superior of · Person Da Hong'a (達洪阿)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 206

Assessments and attributes

Assessment impeached falsely over Linqing · Mode named-person-report Speaker Mao Hongbin (毛鴻賓)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 84
Assessment regulations did not accord with popular sentiment · Mode edict
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 104

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 41; Draft History of Qing 386, passage 66; Draft History of Qing 424, passage 83

References in the histories

Search passages

History

30 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 133Volume 133 Treatises 108: Military 4, Local Militia · 3 passages

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十年，諭勝保等督辦鄉團，以資統率，酌定章程，凡辦團州縣一律遵行，惟鄉團更番調營，所領糧餉，易滋流弊，毋得冒濫。 In the tenth year, Senggebao and others were appointed to oversee village militia and draw up regulations for every participating county—but when militia rotated through camp duty, rations were easily abused, and padding the rolls was forbidden.

前統兵大臣勝保，因調團不齊，勒派百姓出資雇丁，統計勇糧運費，較正供多至倍蓰，百姓苦累，紛紛稟請，以抽丁一項，民力已竭，鄉團勢難再辦。 Former commander Senggebao, unable to mobilize militia uniformly, had forced commoners to fund hired braves—grain and transport costs ran to several times normal revenue. The people petitioned in droves that conscription alone had exhausted them and village militia could no longer be raised.

勝保等所辦章程既與民心不洽，自應改弦更張，以期得力。 Because the regulations Senggebao and others had drawn up ran against popular sentiment, the policy had to be changed if it was to work.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 369Volume 369 Biographies 156: Lin Zexu, Deng Tingzhen, Da Hong A · 1 passage

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從欽差大臣勝保擊賊靜海，四戰皆捷，追至下西河，副都統佟鑑、天津知縣謝子澄陣亡。 Serving under Imperial Commissioner Shengbao, he fought rebels at Jinghai, won four successive engagements, and pursued them to Xiaxihe. Vice Commander-in-Chief Tong Jian and Tianjin Magistrate Xie Zicheng were killed in action.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 373Volume 373 Biographies 160: Zong Shiyishan, Long Wen, Zong Shiyijing, Wen Wei, Te Yi Shun, Yu Buyun · 1 passage

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祭酒勝保疏論當仿恰克圖通商舊例，限以時日、人數。 Sheng Bao, libationer of the Imperial Academy, argued in a memorial that trade should follow the Kiakhta precedent, with limits on season and numbers of traders.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 386Volume 386 Biographies 173: Wen Qing, Wen Xiang, Bao Yun · 1 passage

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又疏言僧格林沁兵力單薄，勝保所部新募未經行陣。 He also reported that Senggelinqin's force was too thin and that Sheng Bao's newly raised men had never been under fire.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 388Volume 388 Biographies 175: Gui Liang, Rui Lin Son: Huai Tabu, Guan Wen, Wen Yu · 4 passages

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訥爾經額褫職逮治，授桂良直隸總督，詔責偕都統勝保速籌防剿。 Na'erjing'e was dismissed and arrested; Gui Liang was made governor-general of Zhili and ordered, together with Banner Commander Shengbao, to organize defense and pursuit without delay.

賊竄正定、定州、深州、河間、天津，勢剽甚，於是桂良率提督張殿元守保定，科爾沁郡王僧格林沁統大兵駐通州衛京師，勝保督師進剿。 The rebels swept through Zhengding, Dingzhou, Shenzhou, Hejian, and Tianjin with great ferocity. Gui Liang held Baoding with Regional Commander Zhang Dianyuan; Prince Senggelinqin of Horqin camped at Tongzhou with the main army to shield the capital; and Shengbao led the pursuit.

四年，大捷於獨流鎮，賊走踞阜城，又走連鎮，僧格林沁、勝保會攻，賊分竄山東，勝保追擊之。 In Xianfeng 4 the Qing won a major victory at Duliuzhen. The rebels withdrew to Fucheng, then to Lianzhen. Senggelinqin and Shengbao attacked jointly; when the rebels split and fled into Shandong, Shengbao pursued.

僧格林沁屢戰失利，敵軍進通州，瑞麟偕勝保御之八里橋，左右夾擊，勝保傷砲墜馬，軍潰，敵遂逼京師。 After Senggelinqin's repeated defeats the enemy advanced on Tongzhou. Rui Lin and Shengbao met them at Baliqiao in a pincer attack, but Shengbao was wounded by cannon fire and thrown from his horse, the army collapsed, and the enemy pressed toward Beijing.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 390Volume 390 Biographies 177: Jia Zhen, Zhou Zupei, Zhu Fengbiao, Dan Maoqian · 2 passages

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同治元年安徽降賊苗沛霖謀分兵：一由清江，一渡潁而西，聲稱赴陝西勝保軍營助剿，實有異圖。 In the first year of Tongzhi, Miao Peilin, a surrendered rebel in Anhui, planned to divide his forces—one column through Qingjiang, the other crossing the Ying westward—claiming to join Sheng Bao's army in Shaanxi while in fact harboring other designs.

請飭下勝保嚴阻。」 I ask that orders be sent to Sheng Bao to block them strictly."

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 391Volume 391 Biographies 178: Wo Ren, Li Tangjie, Wu Tingdong · 2 passages

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內閣學士勝保督師至河間，責供張甚急，知縣王灴迫於應付，自刎不殊。 Grand Secretariat Academician Sengbao arrived in command and demanded lavish supplies; Magistrate Wang Hong, crushed by the demand, tried to kill himself and barely survived.

廷棟詣大營陳其事，勝保矍然，飭部下聽命。 Wu Tingdong went to the main camp and laid out the case; Sengbao was startled into restraint and ordered his men to obey.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 392Volume 392 Biographies 179: Sai Shang A, Ne Er Jing E · 4 passages

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援軍四集，惟都統勝保、將軍托明阿軍戰最力，花里雅遜布、董占元等隔丹水駐軍，畏賊不敢進。 Relief forces gathered from all sides; only Banner Commander Sheng Bao and General Tuoming'a fought with real vigor, while Hualiyaxunbu, Dong Zhanyuan, and others camped across the Dan River and, fearing the rebels, would not advance.

勝保屢以為言，詔促訥爾經額進師夾擊，並防賊竄入山西，乃進駐清化鎮。 Sheng Bao complained repeatedly; the court ordered Ne'erjing'e to advance for a pincer attack and guard against a rebel breakout into Shanxi, and he then moved forward to Qinghua Town.

追軍皆落後，惟勝保先進，戰於平陽，挫之。 The pursuing armies all lagged behind; only Sheng Bao pushed ahead, fought at Pingyang, and checked them.

命惠親王綿愉為大將軍，科爾沁郡王僧格林沁副之，勝保督師前敵追剿。 Prince Mianyu of the First Rank was made general-in-chief, with Khorchin Prince Sengge Rinchen as his deputy and Sheng Bao commanding the pursuit at the front.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 394Volume 394 Biographies 181: Xu Guangjin, Ye Mingchen, Huang Zonghan · 1 passage

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八年，命赴勝保軍營，尋予四品卿銜，留鳳陽從袁甲三剿捻匪。 In the eighth year (1858) he was sent to Sheng Bao's headquarters; he soon received fourth-rank ministerial rank and stayed at Fengyang to campaign against the Nian under Yuan Jiasan.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 398Volume 398 Biographies 185: Zong Shixianghou, Huo Longwu, Fu Zhu Hong A, En Zhang, Chen Shengyuan, Qi Suzao, Chen Kerang, Liu Tongying, Rui Chang, Jie Chun, Xi Ling A · 1 passage

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尋從僧格林沁、勝保勦賊畿輔。 He soon joined Senggelinqin and Shengbao in campaigns against the rebels in the capital region.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 405Volume 405 Biographies 192: Ceng Guofan · 1 passage

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自洪寇、苗練嘗糾捻與官軍戰，益悉攻鬥，勝保、袁甲三不能禦。 Since the Taiping rebels and militia leaders had often enlisted Nian bands to fight government troops, they grew ever more skilled in combat; Sheng Bao and Yuan Jiasan could not hold them.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 423Volume 423 Biographies 210: Zong Jichen, Yin Gengyun, Wang Zheng, Mu Jixianga, You Baichuan, Shen Huai · 1 passage

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如勝保、張亮基、袁甲三皆勇於任事，而亦未盡其用，以罪罷去。 Sheng Bao, Zhang Liangji, and Yuan Jiasan were all willing to take responsibility, yet they too were underused and removed on criminal charges.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 424Volume 424 Biographies 211: Wu Zhenyu, Zhang Liangji, Mao Hongbin, Zhang Kaisong · 3 passages

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既奏捷，幫辦軍務大臣勝保劾其取巧冒功，詔斥亮基欺罔，並追論初赴湖南不急趨長沙，及去湖北時但求自全，居心狡詐，職，遣戍軍台。 After he reported victory, Sheng Bao accused him of claiming false credit; the court denounced Liangji as deceitful, cited his delay in relieving Changsha and his self-preservation in Hubei, dismissed him, and sent him to exile at the military garrison.

逾年，給事中毛鴻賓言臨清之役，勝保妄劾，御史宗稷辰亦言亮基能任事，未盡其用，乃釋回，發東河差遣，尋命往安徽隨辦軍務。 More than a year later, Mao Hongbin argued that Sheng Bao's impeachment over Linqing was false, and Zong Jichen said Liangji was capable and underused; he was released, assigned to the Eastern River service, and soon sent to assist military affairs in Anhui.

四年，劾幫辦軍務大臣勝保罪狀，請嚴旨查辦。 In the fourth year he impeached Assistant Grand Councilor Shengbao and asked for a stern edict to investigate and punish him.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 438Volume 438 Biographies 225: Yan Jingming, Zhang Zhiwan, Lu Chuan Lin, Lin Shaonian · 1 passage

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以舉人從欽差大臣勝保徵捻，授同知。 As a provincial graduate he followed the imperial commissioner Sheng Bao in the campaign against the Nian rebels and was appointed subprefect.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 440Volume 440 Biographies 227: Ying Gui, Zong Shizailing, En Cheng, Zong Shifukun, Chong Li, Yu De · 2 passages

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同治元年，欽差勝保被逮，多隆河代領其軍，多所裁撤，部將宋景詩复叛。 In the first year of the Tongzhi reign (1862), the imperial commissioner Sheng Bao was arrested. Duolong'a took command of his forces and carried out extensive cuts and dismissals, whereupon his subordinate Song Jingshi rebelled once again.

英桂奏言：「勝保舊部雖多烏合降眾，久經戰陣。 Ying Gui memorialized to the throne: "Although many of Sheng Bao's former troops were loosely organized surrendered men, they had long seen combat.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 441Volume 441 Biographies 228: Pan Zuyin, Li Wentian, Sun Yijing, Xia Tongshan, Zhang Jiaxiang, Zhang Yinglin, Zhang Renfu, Zhang Hengjia · 1 passage

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先後糾彈官吏不職狀，書凡數上，文若欽差勝保、直隸總督文煜、陝西巡撫英棨、布政使毛震壽、甘肅布政使恩麟、道員田在田諸人； He repeatedly impeached officials for neglect of duty; his memorials went up many times, naming among civil officials the imperial commissioner Shengbao, the Zhili governor Wen Yu, the Shaanxi governor Ying Qi, the provincial administrators Mao Zhenshou and En Lin of Gansu, the circuit intendant Tian Zaitian, and others;

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 461Volume 461 Biographies 248: Song Qing, Lv Benyuan, Xu Bangdao, Ma Yukun, Yi Ke Tang A, Rong He, Zhang Shun · 1 passage

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嗣復從侍郎勝保徵捻，轉戰直、魯、皖、豫，以驍勇稱。 He then served under Vice Minister Sheng Bao against the Nian, fighting across Zhili, Shandong, Anhui, and Henan, and won fame for reckless courage.