Fu Xi (符習) | 24 Histories

Overview

Fu Xi was a Later Tang general and military governor.

PeriodFive Dynasties

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Life and dates

Death

AD 926 中風卒
Stroke
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 24

Attested activity

AD 926 AD 911-926
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 1
AD 923 to AD 926 同光中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 37, passage 37
AD 924 同光二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 104
AD 926 天成元年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 37, passage 25
AD 926 天成元年五月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 32
AD 921 天祐十八年八月
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 62

Show 2 more source-backed claims

AD 926 明宗朝
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 123
AD 921 王鎔時
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 62, passages 75, 90

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Daughter of Fu Xi (符習女)
daughter 女
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 126
Parent of Fu Meng (符蒙)
son 子
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 25
Parent of Fu Lingqian (符令謙)
son 子
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 25

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子太師
Advanced in retirement
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52
Bian prefecture military commissioner 汴州節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 40, passage 32
field camp commander replacing Wenli 代其行營
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 62, passage 75
Military Governor of Chengde 成德軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 7
Military Governor of Tianping 天平軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 8
Military Governor of Yining 義寧軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 7

Show 13 more source-backed claims

Palace Attendant 侍中
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 32
Yanzhou military commissioner 鄆州節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 37, passage 25
Qingzhou military commissioner 青州節度使
AD 923 to AD 926 同光中 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 37, passage 37
Qingzhou military commissioner 青州節度使
AD 924 同光二年 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 104
concurrent Palace Attendant 兼侍中
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52
former military governor of Bianzhou 前汴州節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52
Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent 太子太師
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 22
honorary Grand Commandant 檢校太尉
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52
Military governor 節度使
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 44
Qingzhou military commissioner, acting Grand Preceptor, Grand Councillor 青州節度使、檢校太傅、同平章事
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 32
Grand Preceptor 太師
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 24
Duke of Wei 衛國公
Promoted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52
Entered
Retired
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52

Places and affiliations

Later Tang 唐
Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 2
Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52
At Zhaqing, Zhao prefecture 趙州昭慶
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 1
At Bianzhou 汴州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 52

Works and attributed material

Memorial · Author · With Li Siyuan (李嗣源)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 123
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 4

Events and relationships

Appointed Linzi magistrate
Appointment · Appointing authority · With Shi Ang (石昂)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 44
Besieged
AD 921 攻文禮 · Military · Commander · With Zhang Wenli (張文禮)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 26, passage 6
Entered capital court
Travel · Actor
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 45
Sent against Zhang Wenli
AD 921 天祐十八年八月 · Military · Commander · With Zhang Wenli (張文禮)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 62

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 123; New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 62

References in the histories

Search passages

History

43 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 31Volume 31 Book of Later Tang 7: Zhuangzong Annals 5 · 1 passage

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乙巳，以滄州節度使、檢校太傅、同平章事符習為青州節度使，以北京衙內馬步軍都指揮使、右領軍衛大將軍李紹斌為滄州節度使。 On yisi Fu Xi of Cangzhou—acting Grand Tutor and chancellor—went to Qing, and Li Shaobin, inner horse-and-foot commander of the northern capital and Right Guard general, took Cang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 36Volume 36 Book of Later Tang 12: Mingzong Annals 2 · 1 passage

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青州節度使、檢校太傅、同平章事符習加兼侍中，徐州節度使、檢校太傅霍彥威加兼侍中，移鎮鄆州。 Fu Xi of Qing, grand councillor, gained Palace Attendant; Huo Yanwei of Xu gained Palace Attendant and moved to Yan.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 37Volume 37 Book of Later Tang 13: Mingzong Annals 3 · 8 passages

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辛丑，以前青州節度使符習為鄆州節度使，以前華州節度使史敬熔為安州節度使。 On xinchou Fu Xi of Qing became Yan commissioner and Shi Jingrong of Hua became An commissioner.

初，同光中，符習為青州節度使，宦官楊希望為監軍，專製軍政。 In Tongguang Fu Xi had held Qing while eunuch Yang Xiwang as monitor controlled the army.

趙在禮之據魏州，習奉詔以本軍進討，俄而帝為亂軍所劫，習即罷歸。 When Zhao Zaili took Wei, Fu Xi marched to attack, but Zhuangzong was seized by mutineers and Fu Xi withdrew.

希望遣兵邀之，習懼而還。 Yang Xiwang sent troops to cut him off; Fu Xi retreated in fear.

至滑州，帝遣人招之，習至，乃從帝入汴。 At Hua Zhuangzong summoned him; Fu Xi came and followed him into Bian.

希望聞魏軍亂，遣兵圍守習家，欲盡殺之。 Hearing of the Wei mutiny, Yang Xiwang besieged Fu Xi's family to kill them all.

公儼遂與州將李謹等謀據州城，以邀符節，即令軍府飛章留己，兼揚言符習在鎮，人不便其政，帝乃除公儼為登州刺史。 Gongyan and Li Jin seized the city, memorialized to keep the post, and claimed Fu Xi's rule was unpopular; Zhuangzong named him Deng prefect.

公儼不時赴任，即以霍彥威代符習，聚兵淄州，以圖進取。 Gongyan delayed reporting; Huo Yanwei replaced Fu Xi, gathered troops at Zi, and prepared to advance.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 40Volume 40 Book of Later Tang 16: Mingzong Annals 6 · 1 passage

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乙未，以前鄆州節度使符習為汴州節度使。 On yiwei Fu Xi of Yan became Bian commissioner.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 41Volume 41 Book of Later Tang 17: Mingzong Annals 7 · 1 passage

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丁酉，前汴州節度使、檢校太尉、兼侍中符習加太子太師致仕，進封衛國公。 On dingyou Fu Xi, former military governor of Bianzhou, honorary Grand Commandant, and concurrently Palace Attendant, was advanced to Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent in retirement and promoted to Duke of Wei.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Book of Later Tang 30: Biographies 6: Wang Rong, Wang Zhaohui, Wang Chuzhi · 2 passages

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時鎔故將符習為汴州節度使，會昭誨來投，即表其事曰：「故趙王王鎔小男昭誨，年十餘歲遇禍，為人所匿免，今尚為僧，名崇隱，謹令赴闕。」 At that time Rong's former general Fu Xi was military governor of Bianzhou. When Zhaohui came to seek refuge, he memorialized: "The late Prince of Zhao Wang Rong's younger son Zhaohui, barely in his teens when disaster struck, was hidden and spared. He is still a monk named Chongyin, and I respectfully send him to court."

符習因以女妻之。 Fu Xi therefore married his daughter to him.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 62Volume 62 Book of Later Tang 38: Biographies 14: Meng Fangli, Zhang Wenli, Dong Zhang · 2 passages

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惟王鎔略無猜間，漸為腹心，乃以符習代其行營，以文禮為防城使，自此專伺間隙。 Wang Rong alone remained unsuspecting and drew him into his inner circle; he replaced Wenli in the field army with Fu Xi and made Wenli commissioner of city defense, after which Wenli watched only for his chance.

是歲八月，莊宗遣閻寶、史建瑭及趙將符習等率王鎔本軍進討。 In the eighth month Zhuangzong sent Yan Bao, Shi Jiantan, and the Zhao general Fu Xi with Wang Rong's former army to suppress him.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 5Volume 5 Later Tang Annals 2: Zhuangzong 2 · 1 passage

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八月，遣趙王王镕故將符習及閻寶、史建瑭等攻張文禮於鎮州。 In the eighth month he sent Wang Rong’s old officer Fu Xi with Yan Bao, Shi Jiantang, and others against Zhang Wenli at Zhenzhou.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 26Volume 26 Later Tang Biographies 6: Fu Xi, Wu Zhen, Kong Qian, Zhang Yanlang, Li Yan, Li Renju, Mao Zhang · 24 passages

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符習，趙州昭慶人也。 Fu Xi came from Zhaqing in Zhao prefecture.

少事趙王王镕為軍校，自晉救趙，破梁軍柏鄉，趙常遣習將兵從晉。 In youth he served Wang Rong of Zhao as a military officer. When Jin marched to save Zhao and broke Liang at Baixiang, Zhao often sent Xi with Jin’s host.

晉軍德勝，張文禮弒趙王王镕，上書莊宗，求習歸趙。 After Jin’s victory at Desheng, Zhang Wenli murdered Wang Rong of Zhao and petitioned Zhuangzong to send Xi home to Zhao.

莊宗遣之，習號泣曰：「臣世家趙，受趙王恩，王嘗以一劍與臣使自效，今聞王死，欲以劍自裁，念卒無益，請擊趙破賊，報王冤。」 Zhuangzong sent him off. Xi wept and said: “My house has served Zhao for generations, and the king once gave me a sword to spend my life in his service. Now that he is dead I mean to fall on that sword—but what good would that do? Let me strike Zhao, break the rebels, and avenge my king.”

莊宗壯之，乃遣閻寶、史建瑭等助習討文禮，以習為鎮州兵馬留後。 Zhuangzong was moved. He sent Yan Bao and Shi Jiantan to help Xi crush Wenli and made Xi acting commander of Zhenzhou’s forces.

習攻文禮不克，莊宗用佗將破之。 Xi besieged Wenli without success; Zhuangzong sent other commanders and broke him.

拜習成德軍節度使，習辭不敢受，乃以相、衛二州為義寧軍，以習為節度使，習辭曰：「魏博六州，霸王之府也，不宜分割以示弱，願授臣河南一鎮，得自攻取之。」 They offered Xi the Chengde command; he refused. They carved Xiang and Wei into the Yining army and made him its governor. He refused again: “Weibo’s six prefectures are a hegemon’s seat—split them and you look weak. Give me one command south of the river and I will win it myself.”

乃拜習天平軍節度使、東南面招討使，習亦未嘗攻取。 They made him military governor of Tianping and southeast pacification commissioner—but he never took a command by force.

趙在禮作亂，遣習以鎮兵討賊。 When Zhao Zaili rose in rebellion, Xi was sent with his garrison to put him down.

習未至魏，而明宗兵變，習不敢進。 Before Xi reached Wei, Mingzong’s army turned on him. Xi halted and would not go on.

明宗遣人招之，習見明宗於胙縣，而以明宗舉兵不順，去就之意未決，霍彥威紿習曰：「主上所殺者十人，公居其四，復何猶豫乎？」 Mingzong sent for him. Xi met him at Zuo county, but Mingzong’s rebellion still left him torn. Huo Yanwei lied to him: “The emperor killed ten men—and you were four of them. What is there to hesitate over?”