Emperor Yin (隱帝) | 24 Histories

Overview

Emperor Yin was an emperor of Later Han.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal name	Chengyou	承祐	Chéngyòu

Life and dates

Death

At Zhao Village 趙村 · Cause Assassinated · Authority Guo Yunming (郭允明)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 53
AD 951 天祿五年
Regicide · Cause murdered by Guo Wei 郭威弒其主 · Killed by Guo Wei (郭威)
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 51
Date Source Date: Text: 帝立三年崩 · Western Year: AD 950 · Assassination
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passages 29, 78
AD 951 在位三年，崩時年二十；《舊五代史》卷一百三：乾祐三年十一月乙酉
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 33
AD 950 三年
Assassinated
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 13
AD 950 乾祐三年冬十一月
Killed in palace upheaval
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 105, passages 36, 69, 86

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AD 950 乾祐三年十一月乙酉
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 172
assassinated 遇弒 · At northern suburbs 北郊
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 76
assassinated 遇弒
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 108

Age

20
AD 951 在位三年，崩時年二十；《舊五代史》卷一百三：乾祐三年十一月乙酉 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 33
20
AD 950 崩時 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 172
20
AD 950 帝立三年崩 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 78

Attested activity

AD 948 to AD 951 隱帝即位；在位三年；乾祐元年二月辛巳至乾祐三年十一月乙酉
Event Yin's reign runs from the accession attested in 101 s0006-s0007 to the death in 103 s0150-s0152. The Chinese three-year statement counts the three Qianyou year labels; it is not three completed solar years.
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passages 11, 33
AD 950 三年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 13
AD 950 乾祐三年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 139, passage 36
AD 950 乾祐三年冬十一月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 105, passage 86
AD 950 乾祐三年十一月；崩
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 172
AD 950 乾祐三年十一月
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 53

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AD 949 乾祐二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 65
AD 948 乾祐元年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 18
AD 948 乾祐元年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passages 25, 27
AD 948 乾祐元年二月；即位
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 67-68
AD 948 天祿二年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 45
AD 951 天祿五年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 51
AD 950 帝立三年崩
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passages 29, 78
AD 948 to AD 950 漢隱帝
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 9
AD 950 漢隱帝
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 31, passages 3-4
AD 950 漢隱帝已殺大臣
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 2
AD 948 to AD 950 漢隱帝時
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 138, passages 20, 40
AD 950 漢隱帝末
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 121, passage 62; Old History of the Five Dynasties 147, passage 17
AD 948 to AD 950 隱帝
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 13
AD 948 隱帝即位
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 11
AD 948 隱帝時
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 6

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Empress Li (李氏)
bore 生
empress dowager 皇太后
Sources vary in certainty · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 70; Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 11
Sibling of Cheng Xun (承訓)
elder brother 兄 · Full siblings
son 子 · Full siblings
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 160, 162; New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 23
Sibling of Princess Yongning (永寧公主)
elder sister 姊 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 148
Child of Empress Dowager (太后)
Empress Dowager 太后
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 5
Kin of Zhang Yancheng (張彥成)
father-in-law 外戚
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 31
Child of Liu Zhiyuan (劉知遠)
son 子
father 父
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 160
Child of Later Han Gaozu (漢高祖)
son 子
father 父
Sources vary in certainty · History of Liao 5, passage 45; Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 11; New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passages 23, 27
Spouse of Daughter of Zhang Yancheng (彥成女)
married 娶 · Marriage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 31
Child of Empress Li (李氏)
mother 母
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 35, 160
Sibling of Chengxun (承勳)
son 子 · Full siblings
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 23
Sibling of Xun (勛)
younger brother 皇弟 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 124

Kinship Role empress · Count 0 · Negated true
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passages 77-78

Key source chapters

Career and standing

emperor 帝
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 27
Prince of Zhou 周王
AD 948 乾祐元年二月辛巳 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 67
No empress invested · Negated true
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passages 31, 33
Minor sovereign · young; power with ministers
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 7
AD 948 乾祐元年二月辛巳
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 67-68
AD 948 天祿二年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 45

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AD 948 隱帝即位
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 11
AD 948 to AD 950 隱帝嗣位
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 105, passages 6, 85
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 18

Places and affiliations

Han 漢
Relation Ruled
Directly stated · History of Liao 5, passage 45
Later Han 漢
Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 105, passage 85; Old History of the Five Dynasties 147, passage 17; New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 27
Polity Later Han 漢 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 11; Old History of the Five Dynasties 121, passage 62; Old History of the Five Dynasties 139, passage 36
AD 951 周廣順元年
At Yingling 潁陵 · Relation Buried at
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 173

Works and attributed material

Edict · Author
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passages 1-23
Speech · Speaker · With Guo Wei (郭威)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 20
Speech · Speaker · With Empress Li (李氏)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 3
Speech · Speaker · Quote true · Mode named-source-report Source Work Zizhi tongjian 通鑒
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 16

Events and relationships

Died in palace upheaval
Political · Victim
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 105, passage 86
Executed ministers
Legal · Ruler
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 4
Law books lost at end of reign
Political · Ruler
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 147, passage 17
Plotted executions
Political · Conspirator · With Yang Bin (楊邠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 7
Plotted to execute yang bin
Political · Conspirator · With Yang Bin (楊邠) · Mode named-source-report Source Work Zizhi tongjian 通鑒
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 14
Sought empress funeral for lady geng
Ritual · Proposer · With Lady Geng (耿夫人)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 32

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Went out to battle and met disaster
Military · Ruler
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 13
Wished to encourage troops
Military · Commander · At Liuzipo 劉子陂 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Zizhi tongjian 通鑒
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passages 18, 20
Relation Favored · Person Lady Geng (耿夫人)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 104, passage 32

Assessments and attributes

Assessment taboo clash of personal name Chengyou with era Qianyou was a great contemporary fault · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 169

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 139, passage 36; Old History of the Five Dynasties 147, passage 17

References in the histories

Search passages

History

83 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 102Volume 102 Book of Later Jin 4: Emperor Yin Annals 2 · 4 passages

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辛丑，幸道宮禱雨。 On xinchou, the emperor visited a Daoist temple to pray for rain.

〈（《宋史·段思恭傳》：隱帝蝗詔遍祈山川。 (《Song History·Biography of Duan Sigong》: Emperor Yin's locust edict ordered prayers throughout mountains and rivers.

帝然之，於是宏肇與宰相、樞密使、三司使，次第加恩。 The emperor approved, and then Hongzhao, the chief ministers, the Bureau of Military Affairs commissioner, and the Commissioner of the Three Departments received favors in sequence.

壬午，皇帝二十一姊永寧公主進封秦國長公主。 On renwu, the emperor's twenty-first elder sister, Princess Yongning, was advanced to Grand Princess of Qin.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 104Volume 104 Book of Later Jin 6: Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 8 passages

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隱帝即位，尊為皇太后。 When Emperor Yin succeeded she became empress dowager.

據《通鑒》云：隱帝與李業等謀誅楊邠等，議既定，入白太后，太后曰：「茲事何可輕發，更宜與宰相議之。」 The 《Zizhi tongjian》 records that Emperor Yin and Li Ye resolved to kill Yang Bin; when they told the dowager she said, "Do not rush this; take it to the chief ministers first."

太后復以為言，帝忿曰：「國家之事，非閨門所知。」 She pressed again; the emperor snapped, "State business is no concern of women's quarters."

又云：南北軍遇於劉子陂，帝欲自出勞軍，太后曰：「郭威吾家故舊，非死亡切身，何以至此！ The same work adds: at Liuzipo the young ruler meant to ride out to hearten the lines; the dowager cried, "Guo Wei is family to us—would he rebel without mortal cause!

帝不從。）〉 The young ruler brushed aside her warning. (End of editorial note.)〉

〈（案：隱帝未立皇后，據薛史《張彥成傳》云：隱帝娶彥成女。 Editor's note: Yin never crowned a queen; the Old History biography of Zhang Yancheng says he wed Zhang Yancheng's daughter.

《楊邠傳》云：隱帝所愛耿夫人，欲立為後，邠以為太速，夫人卒，隱帝欲以後禮葬，邠又止之。 The 《Yang Bin zhuan》 adds that Yin doted on Lady Geng and wanted her as empress; Yang Bin called it premature. When she died Yin demanded an empress's funeral, and Yang Bin blocked that too.

蓋隱帝在位三年，崩時年二十，故未及冊立皇后也。 He ruled barely three years and died at twenty, so he never crowned a queen.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 105Volume 105 Book of Later Jin 7: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 5 passages

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隱帝即位，加檢校太師。 After Emperor Yin succeeded, Xin was made honorary Grand Preceptor.

隱帝嗣位，加檢校太尉、同平章事，遙領興元尹，俄代侯益為開封尹，進位檢校太師、兼侍中。 When Emperor Yin succeeded, he was made honorary Grand Marshal and vice grand councilor, with distant command as Xingyuan prefect; soon he replaced Hou Yi as Kaifeng prefect and was promoted to honorary Grand Preceptor and Palace Attendant.

乾祐三年冬十一月，蕭墻之亂，隱帝崩，軍情欲立勛為嗣。 In the eleventh month of Qianyou 3, at the palace upheaval Emperor Yin died, and the armies wanted to make Xun heir.

郭威既敗慕容彥超於北郊，隱帝遇弒，威入京師，謂諸大臣密相推戴，及見宰相馮道等，道殊無意。 After Guo Wei routed Murong Yanchao north of the capital and Emperor Yin was murdered, Wei entered the city and asked the chief ministers to back him in secret; when he met Feng Dao and the rest, Dao showed no inclination whatsoever.

周祖之入京師也，少主崩於北岡，周主命宰相馮道迎湘陰公，將立之。 When the Zhou founder entered the capital, the young emperor died on the northern ridge; the Zhou ruler ordered Feng Dao to escort the Duke of Xiangyin and install him.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 121Volume 121 Book of Later Zhou 23: Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 1 passage

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漢隱帝末，蕭墻變起，屠害大臣，太祖在鄴都被讒，妃與諸皇屬同日遇害於東京舊第。 At the end of Han Yindi's reign palace intrigue erupted and ministers were slaughtered; slandered while in Ye, the Emperor could not save her—she and the imperial kin were killed on the same day at his old residence in the Eastern Capital.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 130Volume 130 Book of Later Zhou 32: Biographies 10: Wang Jun, Murong Yanchao, Yan Honglu, Cui Zhoudu · 5 passages

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及趙思綰作亂於永興，漢隱帝命郭從義討之，以峻為兵馬都監。 When Zhao Siwan rose in rebellion at Yongxing, Emperor Yindi of Later Han ordered Guo Congyi to crush him and appointed Jun director of armies and cavalry.

隱帝蕭墻變起，峻亦為群小所構，舉家見害。 When the palace coup struck under Emperor Yindi, Jun too was framed by petty schemers, and his entire household was slaughtered.

彥超鎮兗州，漢隱帝欲殺周太祖，召彥超，方食，釋匕箸而就道。 While Yanchao governed Yan Prefecture, Emperor Yindi of Later Han plotted to kill Guo Wei and summoned him. Yanchao was in the middle of a meal but set down his utensils and set out at once.

周兵犯京師，隱帝出勞軍，太后使彥超衛帝，彥超曰：「北兵何能為，當於陣上唱坐使歸營。」 When Zhou troops marched on the capital, Yindi went out to review the army. The empress dowager ordered Yanchao to protect the emperor. Yanchao said, "What can northern soldiers do? I will stand on the field and call the commissioner to return to camp."

彥超敗，奔兗，隱帝遇弒。 Yanchao was beaten, fled to Yan, and Yindi was murdered.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 138Volume 138: Foreign States Biographies 2: Tubo, Huihu, Goryeo, Bohai Tungusic Tribes, Heishui Tungusic Tribes, Silla, Tangut, Kunming Tribes, Yutian, Champa, Zangkeman · 2 passages

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至漢隱帝時，涼州留後折逋嘉施來請命，漢即以爲節度使。 Under Emperor Yindi of Later Han, Zhebo Jiashi, acting governor of Liangzhou, came to seek appointment, and the Han court at once made him military governor.

至漢隱帝時，猶來朝，後遂不復至，史亦失其君世雲。 Under Emperor Yindi of Later Han they still came to court, but afterward they ceased coming altogether, and the histories no longer record their royal succession.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 139Volume 139: Treatises 1 Astronomy · 1 passage

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漢隱帝乾祐三年，十一月甲子朔，日有蝕之。 In the third year of Qianyou under Han Yindi, on the new moon of the eleventh month (jiazi), the sun was eclipsed.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 147Volume 147: Treatises 9 Punishment and Law · 1 passage

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先是，漢隱帝末，因兵亂法書亡失，至是大理奏重寫律令格式、統類編敕，凡改點畫及義理之誤字凡二百一十有四，以晉、漢及國初事關刑法敕條，凡二十六件，分為二卷，附於編敕，目為《大周續編敕》，命省、寺行用焉。 Earlier, at the end of the Han reign of Emperor Yin, the law books had been lost in the wars. The Court of Judicial Review now memorialized for a rewrite of the statutes, ordinances, formats, comprehensive categories, and compiled edicts, correcting two hundred and fourteen mistaken characters in form or meaning, and gathering twenty-six edict articles on penal law from the Jin and Han periods and the founding of the state into two scrolls appended to the compiled edicts under the title Great Zhou Supplementary Compiled Edicts, with orders for the ministries and courts to put them into use.

History of Liao, Chapter 5Volume 5 Annals 5: Shizong · 2 passages

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漢主劉知遠殂，子承祐立。 Han ruler Liu Zhiyuan died, and his son Chengyou succeeded him.