Overview
Liu Zhiyuan was an emperor and Founder of Later Han.
PeriodFive Dynasties
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Changed name | Gao | 暠 | Gǎo |
| Posthumous name | the Sagely Literary, Sagely Military, Resplendent and Solemn, Filial Emperor | 睿文聖武昭肅孝皇帝 | |
| Temple name | Gaozu | 高祖 | Gāozǔ |
Life and dates
Death
- AD 948 乾祐元年正月丁丑At Hall of Myriad Years 萬歲殿Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 66
Age
- 54AD 948 崩時 · Reckoning SuiDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 159
Attested activity
- AD 936 清泰三年Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 128
- AD 948 乾祐元年正月；崩Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 64, 66
- AD 923 事明宗為偏將；德勝Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 4
- AD 940 五年；徙鄴都留守Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 11
- AD 944 五月壬申朔Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 183
- AD 941 六年；河東節度使Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 13
Show 24 more source-backed claims
- AD 947 劉知遠稱帝Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 71, passage 85
- AD 947 十五日Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 150
- AD 937 天福二年Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 8
- AD 947 天福十二年；皇帝即位Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 24
- AD 939 天福四年三月Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 78, passage 45
- AD 947 契丹主死Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 51, passage 179
- AD 947 契丹滅晉Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 69, passage 59
- AD 947 師還州郡叛Directly stated · History of Liao 76, passage 20
- AD 936 清泰末Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 7
- AD 947 漢祖踐阼Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 8
- AD 947 to AD 948 漢高祖Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 111
- AD 947 漢高祖入汴Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 96, passage 118
- AD 947 漢高祖即位Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 65, passage 143
- AD 947 漢高祖即位
- AD 936 漢高祖從晉起兵Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 121
- AD 934 潞王從珂反；遇愍帝于衞州Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 6-7
- AD 945 癸巳Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
- AD 935 秋七月丙申Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 124
- AD 946 開運三年五月Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 17
- AD 946 開運三年十二月Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 85, passage 45
- AD 945 開運二年四月；北平王Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 17
- AD 944 開運元年春正月甲午Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passages 74, 89
- AD 947 開運四年；契丹犯京師Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 20
- AD 947 to AD 948 高祖即位Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passages 109, 123
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Descendant of Han Wen Zu (漢文祖)great-great-grandfather 高祖 · paternal line · 4 generationsDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 52
- Sibling of Murong Yanchao (慕容彥超)younger brother of the same mother 同產弟 · Full siblings · Through Mother of Liu Zhiyuan (劉知遠母)
uterine younger brother 同產弟 · Maternal half siblings - Spouse of Empress Li (李氏)empress 皇后 · Primary marriageDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 35
- Parent of Cheng Xun (承訓)father 父Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 160, 162
- Parent of Emperor Yin (隱帝)son 子
father 父Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 160 - Child of Xian Zu (顯祖)father 考 · paternal lineDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 55
- Child of Lady An (安氏)mother 妣Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 55
- Child of Mother of Han Gaozu and Murong Yanchao (漢高祖與慕容彥超之母)mother 母 · maternal lineStrongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 51
- Child of Mother of Liu Zhiyuan (劉知遠母)mother 母Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 104
Key source chapters
- New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 10 Volume 10 Later Jin Annals 1: Gaozu, Emperor Yin 24 passages
- Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 75 Volume 75 Book of Later Jin 1: Gaozu Annals 1 1 passage
- Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 78 Volume 78 Book of Later Jin 4: Gaozu Annals 4 1 passage
- New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 53 Volume 53 Miscellaneous Biographies 33: Wang Jinchong, Zhao Suwan, Murong Yanchao 20 passages
- New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50 Volume 50 Miscellaneous Biographies 30: Wang Jun, Wang Yin, Liu Ci, Wang Huan, Zhe Congruan 7 passages
Origins and identity
- Shatuo 沙陀Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 1
Career and standing
- Han founder 漢高祖Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 150
- chief aide of the Palace Guard 侍衞親軍都虞候AD 936 即位太原時 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 147
- commander of palace horse-and-foot guards 侍衛馬步軍都指揮使AD 937 天福二年 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 8
- military commissioner of Zhongwu 忠武軍節度使AD 937 天福二年 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 8
- regent of Yedu 鄴都留守AD 940 天福五年 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 11
- military commissioner of Hedong and Northern Capital regent 河東節度使、北京留守AD 941 天福六年 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 13
Show 24 more source-backed claims
- Defender Grand Marshal 守太尉AD 946 開運三年五月 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 17
- pacification commissioner of the Youzhou circuit campaign headquarters 幽州道行營招討使AD 944 開運元年春正月甲午 · AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 89
- Director of the Secretariat 中書令AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 16
- grand councilor 同中書門下平章事AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 78, passage 45
- military governor of Baoyi 保義軍節度使AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 147
- Grand Councilor 中書令Held concurrentlyDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
- garrison commander of the Northern Capital 北京留守AD 944 開運元年春正月甲午 · HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 89
- chief adjutant 押衙HeldDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 5
- chief escort officer 都押衙HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 128
- commander of the palace guard horse and foot 侍衛親軍馬步軍都指揮使HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 78, passage 45
- garrison commander of the Northern Capital 北京留守HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
- military governor of the Guide Army 歸德軍節度使HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 78, passage 45
- military commissioner of Guide 歸德TransferredDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 9
- King of Taiyuan 太原王AD 945 癸巳 · EnfeoffedDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
- royal investiture as king 王爵AD 944 五月壬申朔 · DeferredDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 183
- Prince of Beiping 北平王AD 945 開運二年四月 · EnfeoffedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 17
- Prince of Taiyuan 太原王EnfeoffedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 16
- King of Taiyuan 太原王AD 945 癸巳 · ReceivedDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
- SufferedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 150
- ExterminatedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 19
- Took the throneDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 47
- AD 947 十五日At Jinyang 晉陽 · Summary Proclaimed his reign at Jinyang on the fifteenth day.Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 150
- AD 947 天福十二年二月辛未Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 24
- took the throne 勸進Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 69, passage 59
Places and affiliations
- AD 947 天福十二年Polity Later Han 漢 · Relation FoundedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 24, 153
- Later Han 後漢Relation Ruled
- Later Han 漢Relation RuledDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 51, passage 179
- Polity Later Han · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 65, passage 143
- Polity Later Jin 後晉 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passages 89, 183
- Polity Later Jin 晉 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
Show 8 more source-backed claims
- Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 124
- Polity Name Later Han 漢 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 8
- At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Ancestral homeDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 1
- AD 948 乾祐元年十一月壬申At Ruiling 睿陵 · Relation Buried atDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 94, 167
- At Northern Capital 北京 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passages 89, 162
- At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Based atDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 183
- At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Enfeoffed atDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 162
- At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Rose atDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 69, passage 59
Works and attributed material
- AD 944 五月壬申朔Memorial · Author · ParaphrasedDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 183
- Speech · Speaker · With Wang Jingchong (王景崇)Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 5
Events and relationships
- Asked to defer investitureAD 944 五月壬申朔 · Political · Petitioner · At Taiyuan 太原Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 183
- Beheaded thirty six as warningAD 935 秋七月丙申 · Legal · Executioner · With Li Hui (李暉) · At Xin Prefecture 忻州 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Chronicle of the Khitan State 契丹國志Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 124
- Defeated Great King at XiurongDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 18
- Endorsed secret planDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 128
- Gave mount and covered rearDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 4
- Northern campaign; accepted Du Chongwei surrenderAD 947 天福十二年 · Military · CommanderDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 60, 62
Show 6 more source-backed claims
- Ordered deathsDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 51, passages 180, 183
- Posthumous titles to Hongzhao and YunHonorific · GrantorDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 47
- Rescued Jin Gaozu and killed Mindi attendantsPolitical · Protector · At Weizhou 衞州Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 6-7
- Relation Advisor of · Person Shi Jingtang (石敬瑭)Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 128
- Relation Ally of · Person Shi Jingtang (石敬瑭)Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 4, 146
- Relation Subordinate of · Person Shi Jingtang (石敬瑭)Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 124
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment not a virtuous ruler · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 151
- purple face; prominent whites of the eyes; chilling presencePhysical descriptionDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 2
Source notes
- Historicity historicalDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 124
- staff officers and generals of the Youzhou campaign were left to the pacification commissioner to appoint at discretionDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 82, passage 89
- AD 948 乾祐元年正月己未From Zhiyuan 知遠 · To Gao 暠Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 65
References in the histories
74 passages
No matching passages.