Zhang Zhaoda (章昭達)

Overview

Zhang Zhaoda was a Chen area commander and general.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Botong	伯通	Botong

Life and dates

Death

AD 571 太建三年
Illness
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 154

Age

54
AD 571 太建三年 · Reckoning Suitui
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 154

Attested activity

AD 564 Tianjia year 5
Directly stated · Book of Chen 13, passage 96
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景之亂
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 101
AD 567 光大元年
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 15, passages 55-56
AD 560 to AD 574 南平歐陽紇
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 12, passage 37
AD 563 四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 22, passage 23
AD 561 天嘉二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 118

Show 17 more source-backed claims

AD 564 天嘉五年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 20, passage 73
AD 560 天嘉元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 113
AD 563 天嘉四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 122; Book of Chen 12, passages 85-86
AD 566 天康元年五月丁酉
Directly stated · Book of Chen 4, passage 17
AD 571 太建三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 154
AD 570 太建二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 150
AD 570 太建二年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 61
AD 572 太建四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 159
AD 567 to AD 568 廢帝即位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 138
AD 570 to AD 573 征蕭巋
Directly stated · Book of Chen 10, passages 107, 109
AD 564 to AD 566 文帝敕還寄
Directly stated · Book of Chen 19, passage 224
AD 567 昭達之弟…並獲宥
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 20, passages 157, 161
AD 535 to AD 546 梁大同中
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 100
AD 558 永定二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 111
AD 535 to AD 582 陳書卷十一列傳題名
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 11, passage 3
AD 569 高宗即位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 142; Book of Chen 12, passages 186-187
AD 569 高宗即位
Directly stated · Book of Chen 17, passage 119

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Zhang Fashang (章法尚)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 97
Parent of Zhang Dabao (章大寶)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 160
Child of Zhang Daogai (章道蓋)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 11, passage 96
Descendant of Zhang Daogai (章道蓋)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 96
Sibling of Zhang Zhaoyu (章昭裕)
younger brother 弟 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · Book of Chen 20, passage 157

Key source chapters

Book of Chen, Chapter 11 Volume 11: Huang Faqu; Chunyu Liang; Zhang Zhaoda 36 passages
Book of Chen, Chapter 22 Volume 22: Lu Zilong, Qian Daoji, Luo Ya 5 passages
Book of Chen, Chapter 4 Volume 4: Emperor Fei 3 passages
Book of Chen, Chapter 10 Volume 10: Zhou Tiehu; Cheng Lingxi 3 passages
Book of Chen, Chapter 12 Volume 12: Hu Ying; Xu Du; Du Leng; Shen Ke 3 passages

Origins and identity

Zhang family of Wukang, Wuxing 吳興武康章氏
Line paternal
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 11, passages 95-96

Career and standing

Central Pacifying General 中撫大將軍
AD 568 光大二年九月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 4, passage 82
area commander of E, Ba, Wu, and Yuan 都督郢巴武沅四州諸軍事
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 118
bearer of the staff 使持節
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 118
Inspector of E prefecture 郢州刺史
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 118
intelligent-martial general 智武將軍
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 118
scattered-cavalry regular attendant 散騎常侍
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 118

Show 37 more source-backed claims

area commander against Zhou Di 都督討迪
AD 563 天嘉四年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 122
Palace Attendant and General Who Campaigns South 侍中、征南將軍
AD 566 天康元年五月丁酉 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 4, passage 17
general who campaigns south 征南將軍
AD 567 to AD 568 廢帝即位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 138
palace attendant 侍中
AD 567 to AD 568 廢帝即位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 138
magistrate of Wukang 武康令
AD 558 永定二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 111
area commander of Jiang, E, and Wu; general who garrisons the south; Inspector of Jiang 都督江郢吳三州諸軍事、鎮南將軍、江州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 137
bright-prestige general 明威將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 109
general who guards the van 鎮前將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 132
grand general who pacifies the center 中撫大將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 141
Inspector of Dingzhou 定州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 109
magistrate of Changshan county 長山縣令
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 110
minister of works 司空
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 149
opener of the mansion equal to the three dukes 開府儀同三司
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 132
protector general 護軍將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 121
supernumerary scattered-cavalry regular attendant 員外散騎常侍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 112
general of chariots and cavalry 車騎將軍
AD 569 高宗即位 · Demoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 142
Minister of Works 司空
AD 569 高宗即位 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 12, passages 186-187
Commander 都督
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 23
Inspector of Jiangzhou 江州刺史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 20, passage 116
Grand General Who Campaigns South 征南大將軍
AD 568 光大二年正月己亥 · Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 4, passage 66
grand general of chariots and cavalry 車騎大將軍
AD 569 高宗即位 · Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 142
general who pacifies the west 平西將軍
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 119
grand general of chariots and cavalry 車騎大將軍
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 149
grand general who campaigns south 征南大將軍
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 140
direct attendant to the Eastern Palace 東宮直後
AD 535 to AD 546 梁大同中 · Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 100
Marquis of Xinle county 欣樂縣侯
AD 560 天嘉元年 · Enfeoffed · Households 1000
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 113
fief increased 增邑
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Increased · Households 1500
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 118
fief increased 增邑
Increased · Households 2500
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 140
fief increased by 500 households 增邑五百戶
Increased · Households 500
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 155
Duke of Shaoling commandery 邵陵郡公
AD 567 to AD 568 廢帝即位 · Re enfeoffed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 138
Marquis of Shaowu county 邵武縣侯
Re enfeoffed · Households 2000
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 121
registered merit ranked first 冊勳第一
Awarded
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 117
shared offerings in Emperor Wen's temple 配享世祖廟庭
AD 572 太建四年 · Granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 159
troupe of martial music 鼓吹一部
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 121
twenty ceremonial swords 班劍二十人
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 155
posthumous grand general 贈大將軍
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 155
Impeached for delayed return to court
AD 569 高宗即位 · Impeachment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 142

Places and affiliations

Chen 陳
Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 4, passage 17
Polity Chen 陳 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 111, 113
Polity Chen 陳 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 20, passage 157
Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 100
At Wukang in Wuxing 吳興武康
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 95

Works and attributed material

Do you remember the dream? How will you repay it? 卿憶夢不？何以償夢？
Speech · Addressee · With Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝) · Mode quotation Speaker Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 133-135
I shall serve like a dog or horse and fulfill my duty as a minister 當效犬馬之用，以盡臣節，自餘無以奉償。
Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝) · Mode quotation Speaker Zhang Zhaoda (章昭達)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 136
Your face is too perfect; you need a small flaw, then wealth and rank 卿容貌甚善，須小虧損，則當富貴。
Speech · Addressee · Mode quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 99

Events and relationships

Advanced midstream on Flat Barbarian great ship; pounders struck rebel ships
Military · Commander · With Wang Lin (王琳) · At Wuhu 蕪湖
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 116
Broke Baoying water stockades with rafts; joined Yu Xiaoqing; pacified Minzhong; captured Liu Yi and Baoying
AD 563 天嘉四年 · Military · Commander · With Chen Baoying (陳寶應)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 128, 130-131
Campaigned against Ancheng
Military · Commander · At Ancheng 安蜀城
Directly stated · Book of Chen 15, passage 55
Campaigned against
AD 569 高宗即位 · Military · Commander · With Ouyang He (歐陽紇) · Counterpart Person Ids Ouyang He (歐陽紇), Shen Ke (沈恪) · Outcome Pacified Ouyang He
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 12, passages 186-187
Campaigned against
Military · Commander · With Xiao Kui (蕭巋) · At Jiangling 江陵
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 61
Campaigned against
Military · Commander · With Ouyang He (歐陽紇)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 59

Show 20 more source-backed claims

Campaigned against
Military · Commander · With Zhou Di (周迪)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 23
Crossed ranges, camped at Jian'an, campaigned against Chen Baoying
AD 563 天嘉四年 · Military · Commander · With Chen Baoying (陳寶應) · At Jian'an 建安
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 124-129, 131
Entrusted with troop command by Emperor Wen
Military · Officer · With Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 104
Fell from horse while drunk and cut temple
AD 535 to AD 546 梁大同中 · Accident · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 100
Followed Emperor Wen against Zhang Biao at Kuaiji and captured it
Military · Officer · With Zhang Biao (張彪) · At Kuaiji 會稽
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 108
Followed Emperor Wen to campaign against Du Kan at Wuxing
Military · Officer · With Du Kan (杜龕)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 107
Followed Hou Andu resisting Wang Lin at Zhakou/Wuhu
Military · Officer · With Hou Andu (侯安都) · At Wuhu 蕪湖
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 114, 116
Led army against Xiao Kui at Jiangling; burned fleet; took Anshu City
AD 570 太建二年 · Military · Commander · With Xiao Kui (蕭巋) · At Jiangling 江陵
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 150-153
Led forces against Ouyang He
Campaign · With Ouyang He (歐陽紇)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 17, passage 119
Led home recruits to relieve Terrace City
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景之亂 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 101
Ordered to campaign against Zhou Di in Linchuan
Military · Commander · With Zhou Di (周迪) · At Linchuan 臨川
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 120
Overall command against Ouyang He; captured him; pacified Guangzhou
Military · Commander · With Ouyang He (歐陽紇) · At Guangzhou 廣州
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 143-148
Repeatedly sent to Jingkou to receive plans
Military · Envoy · With Chen Baxian (陳霸先) · At Jingkou 京口
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 105
Returned home and formed lord minister bond with Emperor Wen
Political · Participant · With Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 102
Seized Hua Jiao's envoys and sent them to the capital
Political · Subject · With Hua Jiao (華皎)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 139
Struck by stray arrow and lost sight in one eye
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景之亂 · Injury · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 101
Took overall charge of troops within Changcheng against Du Tai
Military · Commander · At Changcheng 長城 · With Du Tai (杜泰)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 106
Event Tianjia year 5 campaign against Zhou Di · Date Source Date: Text: Tianjia year 5 · Western Year: AD 564 · Historical event · Participant
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 13, passage 96
Relation Lord minister with · Person Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 102
Relation Old friend of · Person Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 169

Assessments and attributes

Assessment worthy minister and general; compared to Wu Han and Geng Yan · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 169
free-spirited, lightly valued wealth, prized bold spirit
Character
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 98
stern and harsh; forced marches; shared credit and fare with troops; kept music even facing enemy
Character
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 156-158
blind in one eye after arrow wound
Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 101

Source notes

中撫大將軍 vs 中撫軍大將軍 in Annals of Emperor Wen and Nan Shi
Field office-title · Witness Work Annals of Emperor Wen / History of the Southern Dynasties 世祖紀／南史
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 174-177
Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Chen 15, passage 12