Wang Lin (王琳) | 24 Histories

Overview

Wang Lin was a Liang loyalist general and warlord.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Ziheng	子珩	Ziheng
Posthumous name	Loyal Martial King	忠武王
Alternate name	Wang-lang	王郎	Wang Lang

Life and dates

Death

AD 573 時年四十八
Cause Killed by Wu Mingche fearing revolt · At twenty li northeast of the city 城東北二十里 · Authority Wu Mingche (吳明徹)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 214
AD 573 明徹由此忌之，故及於難
Killed after capture · Cause Wu Mingche's jealousy after subordinates aided Lin · Authority Wu Mingche (吳明徹)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 259

Age

48
AD 573 時年四十八 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 214

Attested activity

AD 560 乾明元年二月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 5, passage 41
AD 561 天嘉二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 18, passage 172
AD 555 to AD 560 Chen founding conflicts
Directly stated · Book of Chen 13, passage 25
AD 559 三年五月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 187
AD 559 三年六月戊子
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 188
AD 558 二年春正月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 96

Show 60 more source-backed claims

AD 552 to AD 553 使琳拒蕭紀
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 139-140
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景之亂
Directly stated · Book of Chen 17, passage 33
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景之役
Directly stated · Book of Chen 25, passage 41
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景渡江
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 118-119, 123
AD 552 元帝即位，王氏為貴嬪時
Dated from the passage context · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 220
AD 514 to AD 552 元帝居藩
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 113
AD 558 八月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 133
AD 558 六月己巳
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 124
AD 573 又明徹亦數夢琳求首
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 249
AD 573 及敗，為陳軍所執
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 259
AD 557 及陳霸先卽位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 180
AD 558 天保九年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 33, passages 31-32
AD 560 天嘉元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 11, passage 114; Book of Chen 20, passage 67
AD 560 天嘉元年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 14, passage 16
AD 557 太平二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 6, passages 87, 99
AD 548 太清二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 115
AD 551 太清五年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 55, passage 118
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 193, 198
AD 558 己亥
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 126
AD 573 從七月至十月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 213-214
AD 553 承聖二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 46, passage 75
AD 559 拒王琳
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 22, passage 15
AD 559 拒王琳於南皖
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 22, passage 80
AD 557 是月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 69
AD 558 是月
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 114
AD 558 to AD 560 曹慶本王琳將…琳敗
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 20, passages 149-150
AD 554 梁元為魏圍逼，乃徵琳赴援
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 151
AD 552 to AD 553 梁元遣王僧辯討納
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 125, 132, 135, 138
AD 549 梁末
Directly stated · Book of Chen 30, passage 125
AD 573 武平三年後
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 43, passage 178
AD 561 to AD 565 武成
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 201-202
AD 559 永定三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 12, passage 26; Book of Chen 15, passage 32
AD 558 永定二年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 18
AD 558 永定二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 12, passages 172-173
AD 557 永定元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 12, passage 81
AD 557 永定元年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 23, passage 87
AD 557 to AD 559 沌口
Directly stated · Book of Chen 10, passages 23-24
AD 553 率其衆鎮嶺南
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 141, 150
AD 560 to AD 560 王琳下據柵口
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 15, passage 34
AD 560 王琳之舉兵
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 24, passage 109
AD 555 to AD 560 王琳入寇
Directly stated · Book of Chen 19, passage 62
AD 560 王琳平
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 16, passage 18
AD 559 to AD 560 王琳敗後
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 35, passage 47
AD 559 to AD 560 王琳敗走
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 35, passage 26
AD 557 to AD 560 王琳東下
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 35, passage 39
AD 557 to AD 560 王琳梗於中流
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 14, passage 15
AD 552 to AD 553 王琳與法和經略
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 37
AD 555 to AD 560 王琳遣李孝欽
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 35, passage 20
AD 560 琳船艦潰亂…為陳軍所殺殆盡
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 190
AD 558 甲辰
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 2, passage 127
AD 555 紹泰元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 6, passage 21
AD 557 to AD 560 與王琳潛通信使
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 35, passage 128
AD 557 to AD 560 西破王琳
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 30, passage 295
AD 573 贈十五州諸軍事
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 252-253
AD 554 to AD 559 迎送建鄴至總軍國
Dated from the passage context · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passages 262, 266
AD 556 陳武帝遣將侯安都、周文育等誅琳…逆戰於沌口
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 164, 166
AD 555 陳霸先旣殺王僧辯
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 161
AD 557 to AD 561 高祖受禪至天嘉
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 18, passages 40, 42
AD 559 高祖崩
Directly stated · Book of Chen 10, passage 65
AD 554 魏平江陵，已立梁王察
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 152

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Shubao (叔寶)
brother's son 兄子 · paternal line · Through Elder brother of Wang Lin (王琳兄)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 178
Sibling of Elder brother of Wang Lin (王琳兄)
elder brother 兄
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 178
Sibling of Wang Min (王珉)
elder brother 兄 · Full siblings
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 195
Parent of Wang Jing (王敬)
eldest son 長子
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 262-263
Child of Wang Xiansi (王顯嗣)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 112
Parent of Wang Yan (王衍)
ninth son 第九子
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 262, 264
Sibling of Lady Wang (王氏)
second elder sister 次姊 · Full siblings
Directly stated · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 220
Kin of Xi (襲)
younger cousin 從弟 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 188
Sibling of Younger Sister of Lady Wang (王氏次妹)
younger sister 妹 · Full siblings
Strongly inferred · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 220

Kinship Role sons · Count 17
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 262
Kinship Role household-dependents · Quantity unspecified · family dependents (家口) targeted in raid
Directly stated · Book of Chen 15, passage 34
Kinship Role sisters · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 113
Kinship Role wife and children · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 159

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

military family 兵家
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 113
old clan of Yizhou 沂州舊族
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 222

Career and standing

commander from youth 少任將帥
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 257
commander 將帥
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 114
Liang Chancellor 梁丞相
AD 558 冊拜琳為梁丞相 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 176
Inspector of Xiang and Ying 湘郢二州刺史
AD 557 太平二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Liang 6, passage 99
Minister of Works 司空
AD 557 太平二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Liang 6, passage 87
Bearer of Equal Hall with the Three Dukes 開府儀同三司
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198

Show 48 more source-backed claims

Grand General of Agile Cavalry 驃騎大將軍
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
Inspector of Yangzhou 揚州刺史
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
Attendant-in-Ordinary 侍中
AD 561 to AD 565 武成 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 202
Grand Mentor 特進
AD 561 to AD 565 武成 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 202
Inspector of Cangzhou 滄州刺史
AD 561 to AD 565 武成 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 202
Attendant 侍中
AD 558 莊授琳侍中 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 179
Governor of Xiangzhou 湘州刺史
AD 554 除湘州刺史 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 151
Bearer of Credentials 使持節
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 179
Commander of All Armies Within and Without 都督中外諸軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 176
Director of the Secretariat 中書監
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 179
Grand General 大將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 179
Recorder of the Masters of Writing 錄尚書事
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 176
Administrator of Yueyang 岳陽內史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 117
Area Commander 都督
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 141
Governor of Guangzhou 廣州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 141
Governor of Hengzhou 衡州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 140
Governor of Xiangzhou 湘州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 120
Attendant 侍中
AD 555 以侍中司空徵 · Offered
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 161
Minister of Works 司空
AD 555 以侍中司空徵 · Offered
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 161
Inspector of Yangzhou 揚州刺史
AD 573 贈十五州諸軍事、揚州刺史 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Commander-in-Chief of fifteen provinces 十五州諸軍事
AD 573 贈十五州諸軍事 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Attendant-in-Ordinary 侍中
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Opening Office 開府
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Recorder of the Secretariat Affairs 錄尚書事
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Specially Advanced 特進
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Governor of Xiangzhou 湘州刺史
Restored
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 139
Prince of Baling Commandery 巴陵郡王
AD 573 從七月至十月 · Advanced
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 210
Duke of Kuaiji 會稽郡公
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Enfeoffed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
Marquis of Jianning 建寧縣侯
Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 117
Duke of Ancheng 安城郡公
AD 558 改封安城郡公 · Re enfeoffed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 179
drums and pipes 鐃吹
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Bestowed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
Loyal Martial King posthumous title 諡忠武王
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Duke of Kuaiji 會稽郡公
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
Prince of Baling Commandery 巴陵郡王
AD 573 從七月至十月 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 210
Duke of Jianning 建寧公
Held · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 222
Marquis of Jianning 建寧縣侯
Held
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 117
Loyal Martial King 忠武王
AD 573 諡曰忠武王 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Entered
AD 573 從七月至十月 · Captivity
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 213
Entered
AD 573 為陳軍所執 · Captivity
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 259
Gained
AD 514 to AD 552 元帝居藩 · Attended prince before capping
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 113
Raised troops
Rebel
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 109
western rebels 西寇
Rebel
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 96
Execution sought
Threatened with execution · Authority Wang Sengbian (王僧辯)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 124
shackled captives under eunuch guard 鎖安都、文育置琳所坐艦中，令一閹豎監守之
Imposed · With Hou Andu (侯安都)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 168
pardon if returning 許返迷
AD 558 二年春正月 · Offered pardon
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 96
Pardoned without prosecution
AD 561 to AD 565 武成 · Investigation · Authority Emperor Wucheng (武成帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 201
Sent down to law officers
AD 552 to AD 553 梁元遣王僧辯討納 · Judicial detention · Authority Emperor Yuan of Liang (梁元帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 129
Sent in chains
AD 552 to AD 553 梁元遣王僧辯討納 · Shackled · At Changsha 長沙 · Authority Emperor Yuan of Liang (梁元帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 135

Places and affiliations

Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 220
Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Kingmaker for
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 114
Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 37, 113, 115, 120, 151, 160, 222
Polity Liang · Relation Associated with
Directly stated · Book of Chen 25, passage 49
Polity Northern Qi 北齊 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 192-193, 198
Polity Northern Qi 齊 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 258, 263

Show 29 more source-backed claims

Polity Northern Qi 齊 · Relation Submitted to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 158
Polity Western Wei 魏 · Relation Submitted to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 159
At Luoyang shore 洛濱 · Relation Ancestral
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 222
At Shanyin in Kuaiji 會稽山陰
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 111
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝
At Hefei 合肥 · Relation Departed from
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 193
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝
At Shouyang 壽陽 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 198-199
AD 573 密送葬柩達於鄴
At Ye 鄴 · Relation Remains delivered to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 252
AD 573 從七月至十月
At Pengcheng 彭城 · Relation Traveled to
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 209
AD 573 從七月至十月
At Shouyang 壽陽 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 209, 211
AD 558 是月
At Yingzhou 郢州 · Relation Acted at
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 114
AD 573 權瘞八公山側
At Eight Lords Mountain 八公山 · Relation Buried at
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 250
AD 573 權瘞八公山側
At south of the Huai 淮南 · Relation Buried at
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 250
AD 553 率其衆鎮嶺南
At Lingnan 嶺南 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 141, 150
AD 554 琳師次長沙
At Changsha 長沙 · Relation Encamped at
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 152, 154
AD 557 輔莊次於濡須口
At Ruxukou 濡須口 · Relation Encamped at
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 180
At Baisuipu 白水浦 · Relation Drilled at
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 169
At east of the mountains 山東 · Relation Traveled to · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 225
At Guangzhou 廣州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 141
At Hengzhou 衡州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 140
At Kuaiji 會稽 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 111
At north of the Yellow River 河北 · Relation Took refuge · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 225
At Poyang / Pencheng 湓城 · Relation Reached
Directly stated · Book of Chen 35, passage 40
At Shanyin 山陰 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 111
At Xiang 湘中 · Relation Active in
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 174
At Xiangzhou 湘州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 120
At Ye 鄴 · Relation Resided in
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 258
At Yingcheng 郢城 · Relation Moved headquarters to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 169
At Yueyang 岳陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 117
Organization his former military clerks among Chen officers under Wu Mingche 琳故吏 · Relation Former superior of
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 259

Learning and skills

Skill martial affairs 武 · Level fond
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 114

Works and attributed material

AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝
Edict · Addressee · With Emperor Xiaozhao (孝昭帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
AD 573 從七月至十月
Speech · Speaker · With Yu Pohu (尉破胡) · Mode quotation Speaker Wang Lin (王琳)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 207
AD 573 從七月至十月
Speech · Speaker · Mode quotation Speaker Wang Lin (王琳)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 206
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 158
Speech · Speaker · With Lu Na (陸納) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 126
Speech · Speaker · With Li Ying (李膺) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 142-149

Show 1 more source-backed claim

Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Mode named-speech Speaker Wang Lin (王琳)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 170

Events and relationships

Addressed by envoy
AD 558 甲辰 · Diplomatic · Addressee · With Xie Zhe (謝哲)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 127
Annihilated Shu troops with Lu Fahe
Military · Commander · With Lu Fahe (陸法和)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 37
Asked Qi to receive Zhuang as Liang ruler
Diplomatic · Requester · With Prince Zhuang of Yongjia (永嘉王莊)
Strongly inferred · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 175
Asked to return to hold Xiang
Diplomatic · Petitioner · At Xiang River 湘川
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 138
Begged for head
AD 573 數夢琳求首 · Dream apparition · Appearing dead · With Wu Mingche (吳明徹)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 249
Besieged at Shouyang
AD 573 從七月至十月 · Military · Besieged defender · With Wu Mingche (吳明徹) · At Shouyang 壽陽
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 211-213

Show 83 more source-backed claims

Broke out alone after defeat
AD 573 從七月至十月 · Military · Commander · With Yu Pohu (尉破胡)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 208
Built tower ships for righteous rising
Military · Builder
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 162
Campaign ordered against
AD 558 六月己巳 · Military · Target
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 124
Captured Andu and Wenyu
AD 556 逆戰於沌口 · Military · Commander · With Hou Andu (侯安都) · Counterpart Ids Zhou Wenyu (周文育) · At Zhunkou 沌口
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 166
Captured
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景渡江 · Military · Commander · With Song Zixian (宋子仙) · At Yingzhou 郢州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 118
Captured
AD 573 及敗，為陳軍所執 · Military · Defeated captive · With Wu Mingche (吳明徹)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 259
Coffin delivered
AD 573 密送葬柩達於鄴 · Burial transport · Deceased · At Ye 鄴 · With Mao Zhisheng (茅知勝)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 252
Commanded about ten thousand jiang huai bandits
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 122
Declared minister to Liang
Political · Declarant
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 160
Defeated by chen
AD 560 乾明元年二月 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 5, passage 41
pacified 平
AD 561 天嘉二年 · Military · Opponent · Defeated · With Wei Hui (韋翽)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 18, passage 172
Defeated
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景渡江 · Military · Subordinate commander · With Hou Jing (侯景)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 119
Defeated
AD 560 琳敗 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Chen 20, passage 150
Defeated
Military · Defeated party · With Emperor Wen of Chen (文帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 30, passage 295
Defeated
Military · Opponent
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 16
Directed all military and state affairs
Political · Regent
Directly stated · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 266
Dispatched Lu Na ahead went to Jiangling
AD 552 to AD 553 梁元遣王僧辯討納 · Political · Actor · With Lu Na (陸納) · At Jiangling 江陵
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 125
Dragon appeared outside gate
AD 561 to AD 573 又有龍出於門外之地 · Omen · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 204
Elevated by Xiao Shao and upstream commanders
Political · League leader · With Xiao Shao (蕭韶)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 155
Entry brought Lu Na surrender
AD 552 to AD 553 梁元遣王僧辯討納 · Military · Catalyst · With Lu Na (陸納) · At Xiangzhou 湘州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 138
Exchanged messengers with Yi; appointed Dongyang officials; later defeated
Military · Ally
Directly stated · Book of Chen 35, passages 128-130
Failed to subdue Hou Ping
Military · Commander · With Hou Ping (侯平)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 157
First merit pacifying Hou Jing
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景渡江 · Military · Co equal · With Du Kan (杜龕)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 123
Fleet destroyed
AD 560 琳船艦潰亂 · Military · Commander · Outcome Catastrophic defeat
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 186, 189-190
Fought at Wuhu; later pacified; earlier defeated Chen at Chun Ford
Military · Rebel commander
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passages 116-117, 189
Garrisoned
AD 553 率其衆鎮嶺南 · Military · Commander · At Lingnan 嶺南
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 150
Granted offices and burial carriage
AD 573 贈十五州諸軍事 · Posthumous honors · Honoree
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Great design failed
Political · Aspirant · Outcome Original design not fulfilled
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 258
Head sent to Jiankang and displayed
AD 573 時年四十八 · Legal · Victim · At Jiankang 建康
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 216
Held mourning
AD 554 為梁元舉哀，三軍縞素 · Ritual · Mourner · With Emperor Yuan (梁元)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 152
House ridge split red maggots appeared
AD 561 to AD 573 所居屋脊無故剝破 · Omen · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 203
Imprisoned
AD 557 是月 · Military · Captor · With Zhou Wenyu (周文育) · At Yingzhou 郢州
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 69
Issued proclamations planning advance
Military · Commander · At Changsha 長沙
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 154
Libation and blood gathered by old man
AD 573 時年四十八 · Ritual · Honored dead
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 215
Lost generals captured
AD 558 己亥 · Military · Commander · At Gongtang 工塘
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 126
Made ready by land and water
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Military · Commander · At Shouyang 壽陽
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 199
Marched east; later defeated and fled
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Chen 35, passages 25-26
Marched east; sent Li Xiaoqin and Fan Meng south
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Chen 35, passages 39, 41
Mourned by thousands
Funeral · Deceased · Outcome Several thousand sworn followers attended
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 250
Mustered adherents and planned advance
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Military · Commander · At Hefei 合肥
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 193-194
Ordered to await later plans
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Diplomatic · Subject
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 200
Ordered to coordinate relief of Qinzhou
AD 573 從七月至十月 · Military · Joint strategist · With Yu Pohu (尉破胡) · At Qinzhou 秦州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 205
Ordered to resist
AD 552 to AD 553 使琳拒蕭紀 · Military · Commander · With Xiao Ji (蕭紀)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 139
Proposed to hold Huainan
Military · Proposed commander · At Huainan 淮南 · Mode named-speech Speaker Yuan Biao (源彪)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 43, passage 178
Provisionally buried
AD 573 權瘞八公山側 · Burial · Deceased · At Eight Lords Mountain 八公山
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 250
Put to death
AD 573 故及於難 · Execution · Victim · With Wu Mingche (吳明徹)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 259
Raised troops
Military · Rebel commander · Outcome Defeated
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 109
Ran riot
AD 548 to AD 552 侯景渡江 · Political · Actor · At Jiankang 建業
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 123
Reason Qi imprisoned Chen envoys
Political · Cause
Directly stated · Book of Chen 23, passage 87
Recalled to Ye
AD 561 to AD 565 武成 · Political · Recalled official · At Ye 鄴
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 201
Refused Chen Baxian summons
AD 555 琳不從命 · Political · Appointee · With Chen Baxian (陳霸先)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 161-162
Repaired ships and recruited
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝 · Military · Commander · At Huainan 淮南
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 194
Requested Zhuang from Qi to head Liang succession; crossed from Pencheng
AD 557 敬帝太平二年 · Political · Actor · With Zhuang (莊) · At Pencheng 盆城
Dated from the passage context · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 264
Resisted at
Military · Opponent · At Zhankou 柵口
Directly stated · Book of Chen 22, passage 15
Sank grain and returned
AD 548 太清二年 · Military · Actor · At Jingzhou 荊州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 116
Sent Li Xiaoqin and Yu Xiaoqing against Zhou Di
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Chen 35, passage 20
Sent generals against
Military · Commander · With Zhou Di (周迪)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 11, passage 18
Sent generals to aid Yu Xiaoqing
Military · Principal · With Yu Xiaoxiang (余孝頃)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 187
Sent Hou Ping fleet against Liang
Military · Commander · With Hou Ping (侯平)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 153
Sent memorial and tame elephant to Qi
Diplomatic · Sender
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 158
Sent three generals against Xiong and Zhou
Military · Commander · Counterpart Ids Li Xiaoqin (李孝欽), Fan Meng (樊猛), Yu Xiaoxiang (余孝頃) · With Xiong Tanlang (熊曇朗)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 171
Sent to present grain
AD 548 太清二年 · Military · Grain envoy · With Hou Jing (侯景)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 115
Set up as prince
AD 558 是月 · Political · Installer · With Xiao Zhuang (蕭莊) · At Yingzhou 郢州
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 114
Shown to secure surrender
AD 552 to AD 553 梁元遣王僧辯討納 · Military · Displayed captive · With Wang Sengbian (王僧辯)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 136-137
Submitted to Wei seeking wife and children
Diplomatic · Sender
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 159
Summoned to relieve
AD 554 徵琳赴援 · Military · Commander · With Emperor Yuan (梁元)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 151
Supported Zhuang at Ruxukou
AD 557 琳乃輔莊次於濡須口 · Military · Supporter · With Prince Zhuang of Yongjia (永嘉王莊) · At Ruxukou 濡須口
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 180
Surrendered
AD 559 to AD 560 同降鄴都 · Political · Surrendering party · With Zhuang (莊) · At Ye 鄴都
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 192
Welcomed Zhuang and escorted him to Jianye
Political · Escort · With Zhuang (莊) · At Jianye 建鄴
Directly stated · History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passage 262
Welcomed Zhuang to Xiang and escorted east
Political · Protector · With Prince Zhuang of Yongjia (永嘉王莊)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 174
Military · Captor escaped from · With Zhou Wenyu (周文育)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 133
Relation Installed · Person Xiao Zhuang (蕭莊)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 114
Relation Subordinate of · Person Wang Sengbian (王僧辯)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 119
Relation Superior of · Person Xi Huilue (席慧略)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 20, passage 155
Relation Praised by · Person Xu Ling (徐陵)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 248
Relation Patron of · Person Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 217
Relation Allied with · Person Yu Xiaoxiang (余孝頃)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 12, passage 173
Relation Commander of · Person Cao Qing (曹慶)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 187
Relation Superior of · Person Cao Qing (曹慶)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 20, passage 149
Relation Commander of · Person Chang Zhong'ai (常眾愛)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 2, passage 187
Relation Rival of · Person Lu Qian (盧潛)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 201
Relation Friend of · Person Li Ying (李膺)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 142
Relation Refused service to · Person Chen Xuandi (曇頊) · Mode named-speech Speaker Yuan Biao (源彪)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 43, passage 179

Assessments and attributes

Assessment best entrusted with Huainan defense; can recruit 30-40 thousand; will not submit to Chen Xuandi · Mode named-speech Speaker Yuan Biao (源彪)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 43, passages 178-180
Assessment by nature kept loyalty and righteousness through repeated upheavals · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 257
Assessment compared-own-loyalist-force-favorably-to-Wen-Taizhen · With Wen Taizhen (溫太真) · Mode named-speech Speaker Wang Lin (王琳)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 170
Assessment did not abuse punishment; free with goods and cherished officers; won hearts of commanders and soldiers · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 256
Assessment farmers and villagers sighed and wept for him whether they had known him or not · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 260
Assessment fierce beyond ordinary men, humble before troops, did not bring rewards home · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 121

Show 13 more source-backed claims

Assessment left lingering kindness at Shouyang · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 236
Assessment left remaining virtue south of the Yangtze · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 237
Assessment loyal minister who died for his lord · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Yang (朱瑒)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 222-224
Assessment loyalty and resolve praised · Mode named-source-report Speaker Xu Ling (徐陵)
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 248
Assessment respected and treated generously by the people of Ye despite failed design · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 258
Assessment sincerity moved men; scarcely matched even by General Li Guang's gentle persuasive manner with troops · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 261
no formal schooling but fierce memory and quick mind; knew the names of a thousand headquarters aides and clerks
Learning
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 255
calm elegant bearing; standing hair reached the ground; joy and anger never showed on his face
Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 254
AD 560 to AD 561 孝昭帝
Item increased arms 兵仗 · Relation Bestowed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 198
AD 573 葬給轀輬車
Item covered funerary carriage 轀輬車 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 253
Item imperial gifts 頒賜 · Relation Received
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 177
Item tame elephant 馴象 · Relation Presented
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 158
Item Wild Boar warships 野豬 · Relation Commanded
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passage 163

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Northern Qi 32, passages 1, 111, 151, 192; Book of Chen 15, passage 12; History of the Southern Dynasties 54, passages 220, 262

References in the histories

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History

191 passages

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 5Volume 5 Annals 5: Emperor Fei · 1 passage

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是月，王琳爲陳所敗，蕭莊自拔至和州。 That month Wang Lin was defeated by Chen forces, and Xiao Zhuang fled on his own to Hezhou.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies 24: Lu Fahe; Wang Lin (General) · 74 passages

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陸法和王琳 Lu Fahe; Wang Lin

王琳與法和經略，一戰而殄之。 Wang Lin and Fahe laid plans together; one battle and they were annihilated.

王琳，字子珩，會稽山陰人也。 Wang Lin, styled Ziheng, was a man of Shanyin in Kuaiji.

琳本兵家，元帝居藩，琳姊妹並入後庭見幸，琳由此未弱冠得在左右。 Lin came from a military family. When Emperor Yuan of Liang still held his princely fief, Lin's sisters all entered the inner quarters and won favor; Lin thereby gained a place at the prince's side before he had even capped.

太清二年，侯景渡江，遣琳獻米萬石。 In the second year of Taiqing, Hou Jing crossed the Yangzi; Lin was sent to present ten thousand piculs of grain.

侯景遣將宋子仙據郢州，琳攻剋之，擒子仙。 Hou Jing sent General Song Zixian to hold Yingzhou; Lin attacked and took it, capturing Zixian.

琳果勁絕人，又能傾身下士，所得賞物，不以入家。 Lin was fierce beyond ordinary men, yet could humble himself before his troops; whatever rewards he received he did not bring home.

王僧辯禁之不可，懼將為亂，啟請誅之。 Wang Sengbian forbade it but could not; fearing Lin would stir rebellion, he memorialized asking that he be executed.

琳亦疑禍，令長史陸納率部曲前赴湘州，身徑上江陵。 Lin also suspected disaster. He ordered chief clerk Lu Na to lead his troops ahead to Xiangzhou while he himself went straight up to Jiangling.

及至，帝以下吏，而廷尉卿黃羅漢、太府卿張載宣喻琳軍。 When he arrived, the emperor had him sent down to the law; but Chamberlain for Law Enforcement Huang Luohan and minister of the grand treasury Zhang Zai went to announce the decree to Lin's army.

納啟申琳罪，請復本位，永為奴婢。 Na memorialized stating Lin's crimes, asking that he be restored to his original post and offering that they would be slaves forever.

梁元乃鎖琳送長沙。 Emperor Yuan then shackled Lin and sent him to Changsha.

時納兵出方戰，會琳至，僧辯升諸樓車以示之。 At the time Na's troops were out fighting; when Lin arrived, Sengbian mounted the tower chariots to show him.

納等投戈俱拜，舉軍皆哭，曰：「乞王郎入城，卽出。」 Na and the rest cast down their weapons and bowed together; the whole army wept and said, "We beg Young Master Wang enter the city — we will come out at once."

及放琳入，納等乃降，湘州平。 When Lin was released and entered, Na and the rest then surrendered, and Xiangzhou was pacified.

仍復本位，使琳拒蕭紀。 Lin was restored to his post and ordered to resist Xiao Ji.

紀平，授衡州刺史。 When Ji was pacified, Lin was made governor of Hengzhou.

梁元性多忌，以琳所部甚衆，又得衆心，故出之嶺外，又受都督、廣州刺史。 Emperor Yuan was much given to suspicion. Because Lin's following was very large and he had won men's hearts, he was sent out beyond the ranges; he also received the post of area commander and governor of Guangzhou.

其友主書李膺，帝所任遇，琳告之曰：「琳蒙拔擢，常欲畢命以報國恩。 His friend master of documents Li Ying, whom the emperor favored — Lin told him, "Lin has received preferment; I have always wished to give my life to repay the state's grace.

今天下未平，遷琳嶺外，如有萬一不虞，安得琳力？ The realm is not yet settled; moving Lin beyond the ranges — if there should be the slightest mishap, how could you use Lin's strength?

忖官正疑琳耳。 I reckon Your Majesty now only suspects Lin.

琳分望有限，可得與官爭為帝乎？ Lin's share of ambition is limited — could I contend with Your Majesty to be emperor?

何不以琳為雍州刺史，使鎮武寧，琳自放兵作田，為國禦捍。 Why not make Lin governor of Yongzhou, to garrison Wuning? Lin himself would release troops to farm the fields and guard the state on your behalf.

琳非願長坐荊南，正以國計如此耳。」 Lin does not wish to sit long in southern Jing; it is only that the state's plan is thus."

膺然其言，不敢啟，故遂率其衆鎮嶺南。 Ying agreed with his words but dared not report them; so Lin led his host to garrison Lingnan.

梁元為魏圍逼，乃徵琳赴援，除湘州刺史。 Emperor Yuan, pressed by Wei siege, summoned Lin to the rescue and made him governor of Xiangzhou.

琳師次長沙，知魏平江陵，已立梁王察，乃為梁元舉哀，三軍縞素。 Lin's army halted at Changsha. Learning Wei had taken Jiangling and set up Liang Prince Cha, he held mourning for Emperor Yuan; the whole army wore white.

琳屯兵長沙，傳檄諸方，為進趨之計。 Lin encamped at Changsha and issued proclamations to all quarters, planning advance.

時長沙藩王蕭韶及上遊諸將推琳主盟。 At the time Prince of Changsha Xiao Shao and the upstream commanders pushed Lin as league leader.

侯平雖不能渡江，頻破梁軍，又以琳兵威不接，翻更不受指麾。 Though Hou Ping could not cross the Yangzi, he repeatedly defeated Liang forces; yet because Lin's military prestige did not reach him, he in turn would no longer accept orders.

琳遣將討之，不克，又師老兵疲不能進。 Lin sent generals to attack him but could not overcome him; his army was also old, soldiers weary, unable to advance.

陳霸先旣殺王僧辯，推立敬帝，以侍中司空徵。 Chen Baxian had killed Wang Sengbian and raised Emperor Jing, summoning Lin as attendant and minister of works.

琳不從命，乃大營樓艦，將圖義舉。 Lin did not obey; he greatly built tower-ships, intending a righteous rising.

琳將帥各乘一艦，每行，戰艦以千數，以「野豬」為名。 Lin's commanders each rode one vessel; whenever he moved, battle ships numbered in thousands, named "Wild Boar."

陳武帝遣將侯安都、周文育等誅琳，仍受梁禪。 Emperor Wu of Chen sent generals Hou Andu and Zhou Wenyu to execute Lin, then accepted Liang's abdication.

逆戰於沌口，琳乘平肩輿，執鉞而麾之，禽安都、文育，其餘無所漏。 They fought upstream at Zhunkou. Lin rode a level-shouldered litter, grasped an axe and directed them, capturing Andu and Wenyu; of the rest none escaped.

鎖安都、文育置琳所坐艦中，令一閹豎監守之。 He shackled Andu and Wenyu aboard the vessel where Lin sat and set a eunuch to guard them.

琳乃移湘州軍府就郢城，帶甲十萬，練兵於白水浦。 Lin then moved the Xiangzhou military headquarters to Yingcheng, with armor on a hundred thousand, drilling troops at Baisuipu.

琳巡軍而言曰：「可以為勤王之師矣，溫太真何人哉！」 Lin inspected the army and said, "This can be an army to relieve the ruler — who was Wen Taizhen!"

江南渠帥熊曇朗、周迪懷貳，琳遣李孝欽、樊猛與余孝頃同討之。 The channel lords of Jiangnan, Xiong Tanlang and Zhou Di, wavered in loyalty; Lin sent Li Xiaoqin, Fan Meng, and Yu Xiaoxiang together to attack them.

初，魏剋江陵之時，永嘉王莊年甫七歲，逃匿人家，後琳迎還湘中，衛送東下。 Earlier, when Wei took Jiangling, Prince Zhuang of Yongjia was only seven; he hid in a household; later Lin welcomed him back to Xiang and escorted him east.

文宣遣兵援送，仍遣兼中書令李騊駼冊拜琳為梁丞相、都督中外諸軍、錄尚書事。 Wenxuan sent troops to escort him and also dispatched concurrent secretariat supervisor Li Taotu to invest Lin as Liang chancellor, commander of all armies within and without, and recorder of the masters of writing.

舍人羊愨、遊詮之等齎璽書江表宣勞，自琳以下皆有頒賜。 Attendant Yang Que and You Quanzhi and others carried imperial writs to proclaim favors in the Jiang region; from Lin downward all received gifts.

琳乃遣兄子叔寶率所部十州刺史子弟赴鄴，奉莊纂梁祚於郢州。 Lin sent his nephew Shubao to lead sons of the ten provincial governors' families to Ye, to install Zhuang in Liang's mandate at Yingzhou.

莊授琳侍中、使持節、大將軍、中書監，改封安城郡公，其餘並依齊朝前命。 Zhuang made Lin attendant, bearer of credentials, grand general, and director of the secretariat, changed his enfeoffment to Duke of Ancheng, and the rest followed Qi's earlier orders.

及陳霸先卽位，琳乃輔莊次於濡須口。 When Chen Baxian took the throne, Lin then supported Zhuang encamped at Ruxukou.

琳遣巴陵太守任忠大敗之，明徹僅以身免。 Lin sent Ren Zhong, administrator of Baling, who inflicted a great defeat; Mingche barely escaped with his life.

琳兵因東下，陳遣司空侯安都等拒之。 Lin's troops then went downstream; Chen sent minister of works Hou Andu and others to resist.

侯瑱等以琳軍方盛，引軍入蕪湖避之。 Hou Tian and the rest, seeing Lin's army at its height, drew off into Wuhu to avoid it.

時西南風忽至，琳謂得天道，將直取揚州。 Suddenly a southwest wind arose; Lin thought heaven favored him and would drive straight on Yangzhou.

琳兵放火燧以擲船者，皆反燒其船。 Lin's men cast fire beacons at the enemy ships — all burned their own ships instead.

琳船艦潰亂，兵士投水死十二三，其餘皆棄船上岸，為陳軍所殺殆盡。 Lin's fleet broke in disorder; a tenth or two of the soldiers drowned; the rest all abandoned ship for shore and were killed by Chen forces almost to the last man.

初琳命左長史袁泌、禦史中丞劉仲威同典兵侍衛莊，及軍敗，泌遂降陳，仲威以莊投歷陽。 Earlier Lin had ordered left chief clerk Yuan Mi and imperial censor Liu Zhongwei jointly to command troops guarding Zhuang; when the army fell, Mi surrendered to Chen, and Zhongwei took Zhuang to Liyang.

琳尋與莊同降鄴都。 Soon Lin and Zhuang surrendered together at the capital of Ye.

孝昭帝遣琳出合肥，鳩集義故，更圖進取。 Emperor Xiaozhao sent Lin out from Hefei to muster old adherents and plan advance again.

琳乃繕艦，分遣招募，淮南傖楚，皆願戮力。 Lin repaired ships and sent parties to recruit; the porters and Chu of Huainan all wished to give their strength.

陳合州刺史裴景暉，琳兄珉之婿也，請以私屬導引齊師。 Chen's inspector of Hezhou Pei Jinghui was son-in-law to Lin's elder brother Min; he asked to guide the Qi army with his private followers.

孝昭委琳與行臺左丞盧潛率兵應赴，沉吟不決。 Emperor Xiaozhao entrusted Lin with commissioner left assistant director Lu Qian to lead troops to answer the call, but hesitated undecided.

孝昭賜琳璽書，令鎮壽陽，其部下將帥悉聽以行，乃除琳驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、揚州刺史，封會稽郡公，又增兵仗，兼給鐃吹。 Emperor Xiaozhao granted Lin an imperial letter, ordering him to garrison Shouyang; his subordinate commanders might all go with him. Lin was made grand general of agile cavalry, bearer of equal hall with the three dukes, governor of Yangzhou, enfeoffed Duke of Kuaiji; arms were increased, and drums and pipes were also given.

琳水陸戒嚴，將觀釁而動。 Lin made strict readiness by land and water, waiting to move on opportunity.

屬陳氏結好於齊，使琳更聽後圖。 Just then Chen and Qi made peace; Lin was made to wait for later plans.

琳在壽陽，與行臺尚書盧潛不協，更相是非，被召還鄴，武成弘而不問。 While Wang Lin held Shouyang he feuded with Lu Qian, director of the secretariat on the mobile court; they traded accusations until he was recalled to Ye. Emperor Wucheng let the matter pass without punishment.

會陳將吳明徹來寇，帝勑領軍將軍尉破胡等出援秦州，令琳共為經略。 When the Chen general Wu Mingche invaded, the emperor ordered Grand Guard General Yu Pohu and others to march out in relief toward Qinzhou and appointed Lin joint strategist.

琳謂所親曰：「今太歲在東南，歲星居鬥牛分，太白已高，皆利為客，我將有喪。」 Lin told his intimates, "Jupiter stands in the southeast, the Year Star sits in the Ox and Dipper mansions, and Venus already rides high—all favor the attacker. I am marked for death."

破胡不從，遂戰，軍大敗，琳單馬突圍，僅而獲免。 Yu Pohu would not listen. He gave battle and the army was shattered. Lin broke out alone on horseback and barely lived.

又進封琳巴陵郡王。 Lin was further enfeoffed as prince of Baling commandery.

琳故吏梁驃騎府倉曹參軍朱瑒致書陳尚書僕射徐陵求琳首曰： Zhu Yang, a former clerk of Lin's in the Liang Cavalry-General's Office, wrote to Xu Ling, vice director of the Chen secretariat, begging for Lin's head. He said:

梁故建寧公琳，洛濱餘胄，沂州舊族，立功代邸，效績中朝，當離亂之辰，總方伯之任。 The late Liang Duke of Jianning, Lin, came of stock on the Luoyang shore and an old clan of Yizhou. He won merit at the Dai seat and served the central court; in an age of chaos he bore a governor's charge.

琳經蒞壽陽，頗存遺愛； Lin once held Shouyang and left kindness behind;

又明徹亦數夢琳求首，並為啟陳主而許之。 Wu Mingche too dreamed again and again that Lin begged for his head. Both men reported to the Chen ruler, who consented.

贈十五州諸軍事、揚州刺史、侍中、特進、開府、錄尚書事，諡曰忠武王，葬給轀輬車。 He was posthumously made commander-in-chief over fifteen provinces, inspector of Yangzhou, attendant-in-ordinary, specially advanced, with opening office and recorder of the secretariat; his posthumous name was Loyal Martial King, and a state funerary carriage was granted.

琳體貌閑雅，立髮委地，喜怒不形於色。 Lin's bearing was calm and elegant. Standing, his hair reached the ground; joy and anger never showed on his face.

及敗，為陳軍所執，吳明徹欲全之，而其下將領多琳故吏，爭來致請，並相資給，明徹由此忌之，故及於難。 After his defeat the Chen army took him. Wu Mingche meant to spare him, but many of his own officers had once served Lin; they crowded forward to plead for him and gave him supplies. Mingche grew jealous, feared trouble, and so brought him to his death.

琳十七子。 Lin had seventeen sons.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 33Volume 33 Biographies 25: Xiao Yuanming; Xiao Zhi (Liang); Xiao Tui; Xiao Fang (Liang); Xu Zhicai · 2 passages

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梁將王琳在江上與霸先相抗，顯祖遣兵納梁永嘉王蕭莊主梁祀。 Liang general Wang Lin on the river resisted Baxian; Gao Yang sent troops to install Liang Prince of Yongjia Xiao Zhuang to uphold the Liang succession.

九年二月，自湓城濟江，三月，卽帝位於郢州，年號天啟，王琳總其軍國，追諡明曰閔皇帝。 In the second month of the ninth year he crossed the river from Pencheng; in the third month he took the throne at Yingzhou, era name Tianqi; Wang Lin directed state and army; posthumous title for Ming was Emperor Min.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 43Volume 43 Biographies 35: Li Zhilian; Feng Shu; Xu Dun; Yang Lie; Yuan Biao · 3 passages

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如文宗計者，不過專委王琳，淮南招募三四萬人，風俗相通，能得死力，兼領舊將淮北捉兵，足堪固守。 By Wenzong's reckoning nothing surpasses putting everything in Wang Lin's hands: recruit thirty or forty thousand men in Huainan—customs match, they will fight to the death—and let him also command the old officers' north-of-the-Huai draft troops; that is enough to hold firm.

且琳之於曇頊，不肯北面事之明矣，竊謂計之上者。 Moreover Lin toward Chen's Xuandi plainly will not bow north and serve him—I venture this is the plan above all plans.

若不推赤心於琳，別遣餘人掣肘，復成速禍，彌不可為。」 If you do not give Lin your open heart but send others to check him, you will again bring swift disaster—still less can that be done."

Book of Chen, Chapter 2Volume 2: Emperor Wu 2 · 10 passages

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是月，西討都督周文育、侯安都於郢州敗績，囚于王琳。 That month the western campaign commander Zhou Wenyü and Hou Andu were defeated at Yingzhou and taken prisoner by Wang Lin.

西寇自王琳以下，並許返迷，一無所問。 Western rebels from Wang Lin downward may return to the fold without question.

是月，王琳立梁永嘉王蕭莊于郢州。 That month Wang Lin set up Xiao Zhuang, Prince of Yongjia of Liang, at Yingzhou.

六月己巳，詔司空侯瑱、領軍將軍徐度率舟師為前軍，以討王琳。 In the sixth month, on jisi day, an edict ordered Hou Tian, minister of works, and Xu Du, palace bulwark general, to lead the fleet as vanguard against Wang Lin.

己亥，江州刺史周迪擒王琳將李孝欽、樊猛、余孝頃于工塘。 On jihai day Zhou Di, inspector of Jiangzhou, took Wang Lin's generals Li Xiaoqin, Fan Meng, and Yu Xiaoqing at Gongtang.

甲辰，遣吏部尚書謝哲諭王琳。 On jiachen day Xie Zhe, minister of personnel, was dispatched to address Wang Lin.

前開府儀同三司、南豫州刺史周文育，前鎮北將軍、南徐州刺史、新除開府儀同三司侯安都等於王琳所逃歸，自劾廷尉，即日引見，並宥之。 Zhou Wenyü, former grand mentor with staff and inspector of South Yuzhou, and Hou Andu, former general who pacifies the north, inspector of South Xuzhou, and newly made grand mentor with staff, who had escaped Wang Lin, presented themselves to the court of punishments to confess fault; that day they were received and pardoned.

謝哲反命，王琳請還鎮湘川，詔追眾軍緩其伐。 Xie Zhe returned from his mission. Wang Lin asked to go back and hold the Xiang River region; an edict recalled the armies and halted the offensive.

王琳遣其將常眾愛、曹慶率兵援余孝勱。 Wang Lin sent his generals Chang Zhong'ai and Cao Qing with troops to support Yu Xiaoqing.

六月戊子，儀同侯安都敗眾愛等於左里，獲琳從弟襲、主帥羊暕等三十餘人，眾愛遁走，庚寅，廬山民斬之，傳首京師。 In the sixth month, on wuzi day, Hou Andu, bearer of staff equal to the three dukes, routed Zhong'ai at Zuoli and took Wang Lin's cousin Xi, the commander Yang Xian, and more than thirty others. Zhong'ai fled; on gengyin day the people of Lushan killed him and sent his head to the capital.

Book of Chen, Chapter 10Volume 10: Zhou Tiehu; Cheng Lingxi · 7 passages

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又隨文育西征王琳，於沌口敗績，鐵虎與文育、侯安都嵭為琳所擒。 He marched west again with Wenyü against Wang Lin. At Dankou the army was broken, and Tiehu, Wenyü, and Hou Andu were all captured.

琳引見諸將，與之語，唯鐵虎辭氣不屈，故琳盡宥文育之徒，獨鐵虎見害，時年四十九。 Lin called the generals before him. Only Tiehu answered without bending. Lin spared Wenyü and the rest but put Tiehu to death. He was forty-nine.

亦隨文育西征王琳，於沌口軍敗，明力戰死之，贈使持節、征西將軍、郢州刺史。 He too followed Wenyü west against Wang Lin. At Dankou the army was broken; Ming fought to the death. He was posthumously given the staff of authority, made general who pacifies the west, and inspector of Yingzhou.

隨周文育西討王琳，於沌口敗績，為琳所拘。 He followed Zhou Wenyü west against Wang Lin. At Dankou the army was broken and Lin held him prisoner.

高祖崩，王琳前軍東下，靈洗於南陵破之，虜其兵士，并獲青龍十餘乘。 When the Founder died, Wang Lin's vanguard marched east. Lingxi broke it at Nanling, took its troops prisoner, and seized more than ten green-dragon coaches.

侯瑱等敗王琳于柵口，靈洗乘勝逐北，據有魯山。 Hou Tian and others defeated Wang Lin at Zhakou. Lingxi pressed the rout and took Lushan.

靈洗與周文育、侯安都等敗於沌口，為王琳所執，高祖召陷賊諸將子弟厚遇之，文季最有禮容，深為高祖所賞。 When Lingxi, Wenyü, and Hou Andu were beaten at Dankou and held by Wang Lin, the Founder summoned the sons of captured generals and treated them well. Wenji bore himself best and won the Founder's deep regard.

Book of Chen, Chapter 11Volume 11: Huang Faqu; Chunyu Liang; Zhang Zhaoda · 8 passages

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永定二年，王琳遣李孝欽、樊猛、余孝頃攻周迪，且謀取法抃，法抃率兵援迪，擒孝頃等三將。 In Yongding year 2 (558) Wang Lin sent Li Xiaoqin, Fan Meng, and Yu Xiaoqing against Zhou Di and also meant to take Faqu. Faqu marched to Di's aid and captured Xiaoqing and two other generals.

又以拒王琳功，授平南將軍、開府儀同三司。 For holding Wang Lin at bay he was made pacify-south general and grand master with the gold seal and purple ribbon.

王琳擁割湘、郢，累遣召量，量外雖與琳往來，而別遣使從閒道歸於高祖。 Wang Lin held Xiang and Ying and repeatedly summoned Liang. Outwardly Liang dealt with Lin, but in secret he sent envoys by hidden paths to the Founder.

王琳平後，頻請入朝，天嘉五年，徵為中撫大將軍，[2]常侍、儀同、鼓吹並如故。 After Wang Lin fell he repeatedly asked to come to court. In Tianjia year 5 (564) he was recalled as central pacification grand general, [2] with regular attendant rank, grand-master status, and pipes and drums unchanged.

尋隨侯安都等拒王琳于 Soon he followed Hou Andu and others in resisting Wang Lin at

王琳平，昭達冊勳第一。 When Wang Lin was suppressed, Zhaoda's merit was entered first on the rolls.

尋隨侯安都等拒王琳于 Soon he followed Hou Andu and others in resisting Wang Lin at

若沌口，則為前王琳大敗陳師，侯安都等被俘處，當沌水入江之口，遠在柵口之西矣。 If it were Chun Ford, that would be where Wang Lin earlier routed the Chen army and captured Hou Andu and others—at the mouth where the Chun River enters the Yangzi, far west of Zhakou.

Book of Chen, Chapter 12Volume 12: Hu Ying; Xu Du; Du Leng; Shen Ke · 5 passages

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永定三年，隨侯安都征王琳，於宮亭破賊帥常眾愛等。 In Yongding year 3, he followed Hou Andu against Wang Lin and defeated the rebel commanders Chang Zhongai and others at Gongting.

周文育、侯安都等西討王琳，敗績，為琳所拘，乃以度為前軍都督，鎮于南陵。 Zhou Wenyu, Hou Andu, and the others marched west against Wang Lin, were defeated, and were held by him. Du was therefore made vanguard commander and posted at Nanling.

以平王琳功，改封湘東郡公，邑四千戶。 For helping pacify Wang Lin, he was re-enfeoffed as Duke of Xiangdong commandery with four thousand households.

永定元年，領度所部士卒，隨周文育、侯安都征王琳，於沌口敗績，為琳所縶。 In Yongding year 1, he led his father's troops under Zhou Wenyu and Hou Andu against Wang Lin. They were defeated at Dunkou, and Lin took him prisoner.

會余孝頃謀應王琳，出兵臨川攻周迪，以恪為壯武將軍，率兵踰嶺以救迪。 When Yu Xiaoqing plotted to side with Wang Lin and marched from Linchuan against Zhou Di, Ke was made stalwart-martial general and led an army over the mountains to relieve Di.

Book of Chen, Chapter 13Volume 13: Xu Shipu; Lu Xida; Zhou Fu; Xun Lang; Zhou Jiong · 12 passages

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高祖之拒王琳，其水戰之具，悉委世譜。 When the Founder opposed Wang Lin, he entrusted all the equipment for naval warfare to Shipu.

敬帝即位，王琳據有上流，留異、余孝頃、周迪等所在鋒起，悉達撫綏五郡，甚得民和，士卒皆樂為之用。 When Emperor Jing came to the throne, Wang Lin controlled the upper Yangzi, and Liu Yi, Yu Xiaoqing, Zhou Di, and others rose in arms everywhere. Xida pacified the five commanderies, won the people over, and his soldiers were all glad to serve him.

琳授悉達鎮北將軍，高祖亦遣趙知禮授征西將軍、江州刺史，各送鼓吹女樂，悉達兩受之，遷延顧望，皆不就。 Wang Lin appointed Xida general who guards the north, while the Founder sent Zhao Zhili to appoint him general who campaigns west and inspector of Jiangzhou. Both sides sent pipes and drums and female musicians; Xida accepted both gifts, delayed and watched, and took up neither appointment.

王琳欲圖東下，以悉達制其中流，恐為己患，頻遣使招誘，悉達終不從。 Wang Lin wanted to move east, but Xida controlled the midstream and Lin feared he would become a threat. Lin repeatedly sent envoys to lure him over, but Xida never followed him.

琳不得下，乃連結於齊，共為表裏，齊遣清河王高岳助之。 Unable to move downriver, Lin allied with Qi so they could support each other from inside and outside; Qi sent Gao Yue, Prince of Qinghe, to help him.

高祖受禪，王琳據有上流，余孝頃與琳黨李 When the Founder took the throne, Wang Lin held the upper Yangzi. Yu Xiaoqing with Lin's ally Li

王琳平，授散騎常侍、平西將軍、豫章太守。 When Wang Lin fell he was made supernumerary scattered-cavalry regular attendant, pacifying-the-west general, and administrator of Yuzhang.

尋遣朗隨世祖拒王琳於南皖。 Soon Lang was sent to follow Emperor Wen against Wang Lin at Nanwan.

因厚撫慰朗，令與侯安都等共拒王琳。 He then generously reassured Lang and ordered him to join Hou Andu and the others against Wang Lin.

琳平，遷使持節、安北將軍、散騎常侍、都督霍晉合三州諸軍事、合州刺史。 After Lin was pacified, Lang was transferred to credential-holder, general who secures the north, scattered-cavalry regular attendant, director-general of all military affairs in Huo, Jin, and He provinces, and inspector of Hezhou.

高祖踐祚，王琳擁據上流，炅以州從之。 When the Founder took the throne, Wang Lin held the upper Yangzi, and Jiong brought his province to his side.

及王琳遣其將曹慶等攻周迪，仍使炅將兵掎角而進，為侯安都所敗，擒炅送都。 When Wang Lin sent Cao Qing and others against Zhou Di, he also ordered Jiong to advance in concert; Hou Andu defeated him, took him prisoner, and sent him to court.

Book of Chen, Chapter 14Volume 14: Chen Chang; Chen Tanlang · 3 passages

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是時王琳梗於中流，昌未得還，居于安陸。 At the time Wang Lin blocked the river's middle course, so Chang could not return and remained at Anlu.

王琳平後，天嘉元年二月，昌發自安陸，由魯山濟江，而巴陵王蕭沇等率百僚上表曰： After Wang Lin was defeated, in the second month of Tianjia year 1, Chang left Anlu and crossed the Yangzi by way of Lushan. Prince Xiao Yan of Baling and the officials then submitted this memorial:

王琳逆命，逋誅歲久，今者連結犬羊，乘流縱釁，舟旗野陣，綿江蔽陸，兵疲民弊，杼軸用空，中外騷然，蕃籬罔固。 Wang Lin had long rebelled and escaped justice; now he joined with barbarian allies and struck along the rivers—fleets and banners filled the land, the Yangzi hidden and the shores covered; armies were exhausted, the people drained, and the realm was in uproar while the borders gave way.

Book of Chen, Chapter 15Volume 15: Imperial Family · 3 passages

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三年，隨侯安都破王琳將常眾愛於宮亭湖。 In the third year he followed Hou Andu in defeating Wang Lin's general Chang Zhong'ai at Gongting Lake.

王琳下據柵口，詳隨吳明徹襲湓城，取琳家口，不克，因入南湖，自鄱陽步道而歸。 When Wang Lin moved downriver and seized Zhakou, Xiang followed Wu Mingche in a surprise attack on Pencheng to capture Lin's family, but the assault failed; he then entered South Lake and made his way back overland from Poyang.

琳平，詳與明徹並無功。 When Lin was finally defeated, neither Xiang nor Mingche received credit for the victory.

Book of Chen, Chapter 16Volume 16: Zhao Zhili; Cai Jingli; Liu Shizhi; Xie Qi · 1 passage

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王琳平，授持節、督吳州諸軍事、明威將軍、吳州刺史。 After Wang Lin was pacified, he was made bearer of the staff, supervisor of Wuzhou military affairs, manifest-might general, and inspector of Wuzhou.

Book of Chen, Chapter 17Volume 17: Wang Chong; Wang Tong; Yuan Jing · 2 passages

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武陵王舉兵至峽口，王琳偏將陸納等據湘州應之，沖為納所拘。 When the Prince of Wuling marched to the gorge mouth, Wang Lin's lieutenant Lu Na and others seized Xiangzhou in support; Chong was held by Na.

王琳據有上流，衡、廣攜貳，勱不得之鎮，留于大庾嶺。 Wang Lin held the upper Yangzi; Heng and Guang were divided in loyalty; Mo could not reach his command and stayed at Dayu Ridge.

Book of Chen, Chapter 18Volume 18: Shen Zhong; Yuan Bi; Liu Zhongwei; Lu Shancai; Wang Zhi; Wei Zai · 11 passages

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高祖受禪，王琳據有上流，泌自齊從梁永嘉王蕭莊達琳所。 When the Founder took the throne, Wang Lin held the upper Yangzi. Bi came from Qi with Liang's Prince of Yongjia, Xiao Zhuang, to join Lin.

[5]天嘉二年，泌與琳輔莊至于柵口，琳軍敗，[6]眾皆奔散，唯泌獨乘輕舟送莊達于北境，屬莊於御史中丞劉仲威，令共入齊，然後拜辭而歸，詣闕請罪，文帝深義之。 [5] In Tianjia year 2 (561), Bi and Lin escorted Zhuang to Zhakou. Lin's army was broken; [6] the troops fled in all directions. Bi alone took a light boat, saw Zhuang to the northern frontier, and placed him in the care of censor-in-chief Liu Zhongwei to enter Qi together. Then he bowed farewell, returned, and presented himself to confess fault. Emperor Wen held his conduct in high esteem.

荊州陷後，依于王琳。 After Jingzhou fell, he attached himself to Wang Lin.

琳平，文帝以廣德為寧遠始興王府限外記室參軍，仍領其舊兵。 After Lin was pacified, Emperor Wen made Guangde extra-allowance records aide in the household of the Prince of Shixing, general who pacifies the distant, while letting him continue to command his old troops.

及文育西征王琳，留山才監江州事，仍鎮豫章。 When Wenyu marched west against Wang Lin he left Shancai to oversee Jiangzhou and continued to hold Yuzhang.

文育為熊曇朗所害，曇朗囚山才等，送于王琳。 Wenyu was killed by Xiong Tanlang. Tanlang imprisoned Shancai and his party and sent them to Wang Lin.

未至，而侯安都敗琳將常眾愛於宮亭湖，由是山才獲反，除貞威將軍、新安太守。 Before they arrived, Hou Andu defeated Lin's general Chang Zhong'ai at Gongting Lake, and Shancai was able to return. He was made general of manifest prestige and administrator of Xin'an.

為王琳未平，留鎮富陽，以捍東道。 While Lin was still unbeaten he was left at Fuyang to guard the eastern line.

永定二年，高祖命質率所部踰嶺出豫章，隨都督周文育以討王琳。 In the second year of Yongding (558) the Founder ordered Zhi to lead his command over the mountains into Yuzhang and follow Commander Zhou Wenyu against Wang Lin.

質與琳素善，或譖云於軍中潛信交通，高祖命周文育殺質，文育啟請救之，獲免。 Zhi and Lin had long been friends. Some accused him of secret correspondence with Lin in the field. The Founder ordered Zhou Wenyu to execute him; Wenyu pleaded for his life and he was spared.

天嘉二年，預平王琳之功，封清源縣侯，邑二百戶。 In Tianjia year 2 (561), he shared in the merit for pacifying Wang Lin and was enfeoffed as marquis of Qingyuan county with two hundred households.

Book of Chen, Chapter 19Volume 19: Shen Jiong; Yu Li; Ma Shu · 5 passages

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會王琳入寇大雷，留異擁據東境，帝欲使炯因是立功，乃解中丞，加明威將軍，遣還鄉里，收合徒眾。 When Wang Lin invaded Dalei and Liu Yi held the eastern marches, the emperor wished Jiong to win merit thereby, relieved him as censor-in-chief, made him general of bright prestige, and sent him home to gather followers.

夫以王琳之彊，侯瑱之力，進足以搖蕩中原，爭衡天下，退足以屈強江外，雄張偏隅。 As for Wang Lin's strength and Hou Tian's force—advancing enough to shake the central plains and contend for the realm; retreating enough to bend the strong beyond the Yangzi and spread might in a corner.

然或命一旅之師，或資一士之說，琳則瓦解冰泮，投身異域，瑱則厥角稽顙，委命闕廷。 Yet whether ordering a single column or relying on one scholar's persuasion, Lin dissolved like ice and threw himself into a foreign land; Tian touched horn, bowed forehead, and entrusted fate at the palace gate.

將軍之眾，孰如王琳？ Are your masses like Wang Lin's?

武皇滅侯景於前，今上摧王琳於後，此乃天時，非復人力。 The Founder destroyed Hou Jing before; the present sovereign broke Wang Lin after—this is Heaven's season, no longer human power.

Book of Chen, Chapter 20Volume 20: Dao Zhongju; Han Zigao; Hua Jiao · 9 passages

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王琳至于柵口，子高宿衛臺內。 When Wang Lin reached Zhankou, Zigao guarded the palace precincts.

及琳平，子高所統益多，將士依附之者，子高盡力論進，文帝皆任使焉。 After Wang Lin was pacified, Zigao's command grew. He strongly recommended the officers and soldiers who joined him, and Emperor Wen put them all to use.

王琳東下，皎隨侯瑱拒之。 When Wang Lin marched east, Jiao followed Hou Tian to resist him.

琳平，鎮湓城，知江州事。 When Lin fell, Jiao garrisoned Pen city and ran Jiangzhou affairs.

王琳奔散，將卒多附於皎。 When Wang Lin’s army broke up, his officers and men mostly joined Jiao.

平王琳有功。 He earned merit in the campaign that pacified Wang Lin.

曹慶本王琳將，蕭莊偽署左衛將軍、吳州刺史，部領亞於潘純陀。 Cao Qing had been one of Wang Lin's generals; the puppet ruler Xiao Zhuang made him left guard general and inspector of Wu commandery, ranking below Pan Chuntuo.

琳敗，文帝以配皎，官至長沙太守。 After Lin's defeat Emperor Wen placed him under Jiao; he rose to administrator of Changsha.

閑本張彪主帥，慧略王琳部下，文帝皆配于皎，官至郡守。 Xian had served Zhang Biao as chief commander and Huilüe had been under Wang Lin; Emperor Wen gave both to Jiao, and each became a commandery governor.

Book of Chen, Chapter 22Volume 22: Lu Zilong, Qian Daoji, Luo Ya · 3 passages

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尋隨侯安都拒王琳於柵口。 Soon he accompanied Hou Andu in resisting Wang Lin at Zhankou.

王琳平，授左中郎將。 After Wang Lin was subdued, he was appointed General of the Left Gentlemen-of-the-Household.

尋從世祖拒王琳於南皖。 Soon he followed Emperor Wen against Wang Lin at South Wan.

Book of Chen, Chapter 23Volume 23: Shen Junli; Wang Yang; Lu Shan · 1 passage

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永定元年，使於齊，以陳郡袁憲為副，齊以王琳之故，執而囚之。 In Yongding year 1 he was sent as envoy to Qi, with Yuan Xian of Chen commandery as deputy. Because of Wang Lin, Qi seized and imprisoned them.

Book of Chen, Chapter 24Volume 24: Zhou Hongzheng; Yuan Xian · 1 passage

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王琳之舉兵也，弘直在湘州，琳敗，乃還朝。 When Wang Lin rebelled, Hongzhi was in Xiangzhou; after Lin's defeat he returned to court.

Book of Chen, Chapter 25Volume 25: Pei Ji; Sun Yang · 4 passages

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王僧辯之討侯景也，王琳為前軍，琳與瑒同門，乃表薦為戎昭將軍、宜都太守，仍從僧辯救徐文盛於武昌。 When Wang Sengbian attacked Hou Jing, Wang Lin led the van. Lin and Yang were schoolmates; Lin recommended him as martial-announcements general and administrator of Yidu, and he followed Sengbian to relieve Xu Wensheng at Wuchang.

高祖受禪，王琳立梁永嘉王蕭莊於郢州，徵瑒為太府卿，〔三〕加通直散騎常侍。 When the Founder took the throne, Wang Lin enthroned Liang's Prince of Yongjia Xiao Zhuang at Yingzhou. Yang was summoned as grand steward [3] and promoted to direct-communication scattered-cavalry regular attendant.

及王琳入寇，以瑒為使持節、散騎常侍、都督郢荊巴武湘五州諸軍事、安西將軍、郢州刺史，總留府之任。 When Wang Lin invaded, Yang was made bearer of the staff, scattered-cavalry regular attendant, commander of Ying, Jing, Ba, Wu, and Xiang, pacifying-the-west general and inspector of Ying, with full charge of the rear headquarters.

及聞大軍敗王琳，乘勝而進，周兵乃解。 When word came that the main army had broken Wang Lin and was marching in triumph, the Zhou lifted the siege.

Book of Chen, Chapter 30Volume 30: Xiao Ji; Lu Qiong; Gu Yewang; Fu Zai · 2 passages

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王琳聞其名，引為府記室。 Wang Lin heard his fame and made him recorder of the staff.

世祖東定吳會，西破王琳； Emperor Wen eastward settled Wu and Kuaiji and westward broke Wang Lin;

Book of Chen, Chapter 35Volume 35: Xiong Tanlang; Zhou Di; Liu Yi; Chen Baoying · 14 passages

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王琳遣李孝欽等隨余孝頃於臨川攻周迪，曇朗率所領赴援。 Wang Lin sent Li Xiaoqin and others with Yu Xiaoqing to strike Zhou Di at Linchuan; Tanlang marched to their aid.

又以抗禦王琳之功，授平西將軍、開府儀同三司，餘並如故。 For resisting Wang Lin he was further made pacifying-the-west general and opener equal to the three dukes; other posts stood unchanged.

及周文育攻余孝勱於豫章，曇朗出軍會之，文育失利，曇朗乃害文育，以應王琳，事見文育傳。 When Zhou Wenyu attacked Yu Xiaomou at Yuzhang, Tanlang came out to join him; Wenyu lost, and Tanlang killed Wenyu to answer Wang Lin—as told in Wenyu's biography.

王琳東下，世祖征南川兵，江州刺史周迪、高州刺史黃法𣰋欲沿流應赴，曇朗乃據城列艦斷遏，迪等與法𣰋因帥南中兵築城圍之，絕其與琳信使。 When Wang Lin marched east, Emperor Wen summoned troops from the southern rivers. Zhou Di, Inspector of Jiangzhou, and Huang Fading, Inspector of Gaozhou, meant to sail with the current and answer the call, but Tanlang occupied the city and arrayed ships to block them. Di and Fading then led southern troops to fortify and besiege him, cutting off his couriers to Lin.

及王琳敗走，曇朗黨援離心，迪攻陷其城，虜其男女萬餘口。 When Wang Lin was broken and fled, Tanlang's allies lost heart; Di stormed the city and took more than ten thousand men and women.

高祖受禪，王琳東下，迪欲自據南川，乃總召所部八郡守宰結盟，聲言入赴，朝廷恐其為變，因厚慰撫之。 When the Founder took the throne and Wang Lin went east, Di meant to keep the southern rivers; he called the eight commandery heads to swear alliance, saying he would march to answer the summons; the court feared revolt and soothed him generously.

琳至湓城，新吳洞主余孝頃舉兵應琳。 When Wang Lin reached Pencheng, Yu Xiaoqing, lord of the Xinwu cave settlement, raised troops in support of him.

琳以為南川諸郡可傳檄而定，乃遣其將李孝欽、樊猛等南征糧餉。 Lin judged the southern commanderies would fall to a proclamation and sent Li Xiaoqin, Fan Meng, and others south for grain.

王琳敗後，世祖徵迪出鎮湓城，又徵其子入朝，迪趑趄顧望，並不至。 After Wang Lin's defeat, Emperor Wen called Di to garrison Pencheng and his son to court; Di wavered and would not come—neither of them.

日者王琳始貳，蕭勃未夷，西結三湘，南通五嶺，衡、廣戡定，既安反側，江、郢紛梗，復生攜背，擁據一郡，苟且百心，志貌常違，言跡不副。 When Wang Lin first wavered and Xiao Bo still stood, he tied to the three Xiang westward and the five ranges southward; Heng and Guang were quieted and rebels steadied, yet Jiang and Ying stirred again—he clutched one commandery with a hundred fickle hearts, face and deed ever at odds, word and trail never aligned.

異頻遣其長史王澌為使入朝，澌每言朝廷虛弱，異信之，雖外示臣節，恆懷兩端，與王琳自鄱陽信安嶺潛通信使。 Yi repeatedly sent his chief steward Wang Si to court as envoy. Si always reported that the court was weak, and Yi believed him; though he outwardly observed a subject's duties, he kept two minds and secretly exchanged messengers with Wang Lin by way of Xin'an Ridge at Poyang.

王琳又遣使往東陽，署守宰。 Wang Lin also sent envoys to Dongyang to appoint local officials.

及琳敗，世祖遣左衛將軍沈恪代異為郡，實以兵襲之。 After Wang Lin was defeated, Shizu sent General of the Left Guard Shen Ke to replace Yi in the commandery, in effect sending troops against him.

王琳竊據中流，翻相應接，別引南川之嶺路，專為東道之主人，結附凶渠，唯欣禍亂。 Wang Lin held the middle Yangtze and answered him in turn. He opened another mountain route south and made himself master of the eastern road, clinging to villains and welcoming chaos.

Book of Liang, Chapter 6Volume 6: Emperor Jing · 3 passages

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以鎮南將軍王琳爲車騎將軍、開府儀同三司。 Pacifying South General Wang Lin was made Chariots and Cavalry General with an office equal to the Three Excellencies.

以車騎將軍、開府儀同三司王琳爲司空、驃騎大將軍。 Chariots and Cavalry General Wang Lin, whose gate equaled the Three Excellencies, became Minister of Works and Grand Rapid Cavalry General.

甲辰，以新除司空王琳爲湘、郢二州刺史。 On jiachen the new Minister of Works Wang Lin became inspector of Xiang and Ying.

Book of Liang, Chapter 46Volume 46: Hu Sengyou; Xu Wensheng; Du Ze; Du An; Du You'an; Du Kan; Yin Zichun · 2 passages

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時世祖執王琳於江陵，其長史陸納等遂于長沙反，世祖徵崱與王僧辯討之。 Shizu held Wang Lin at Jiangling; Lu Na rebelled at Changsha; Shizu called Ze and Wang Sengbian to suppress him.

大寶三年，衆軍至姑孰，景將侯子鑒逆戰，龕與陳霸先、王琳等率精銳擊之，大敗子鑒，遂至於石頭。 In Great Treasure year three the armies reached Gushu; Hou Zijian met them; Kan with Chen Baxian and Wang Lin led elites, broke Zijian, and pushed on to Stonehead.

Book of Liang, Chapter 55Volume 55: Zong, Prince of Yuzhang; Ji, Prince of Wuling; Zhengde, Prince of Linhe; Yu, Prince of Hedong · 1 passage

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王琳、宋簉、任約、謝答仁等因進攻侯叡，陷其三壘，於是兩岸十餘城遂俱降。 Wang Lin, Song Zao, Ren Yue, and Xie Daren pressed Hou Rui, took his three ramparts, and more than ten cities on both shores submitted at once.

History of the Southern Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Biographies 44: Sons of Emperor Jianwen of Liang, Sons of Emperor Yuan of Liang · 4 passages

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後王琳迎送建鄴。 Later Wang Lin welcomed him and escorted him to Jianye.

敬帝太平二年，陳武帝將受禪，王琳請莊于齊以主梁嗣，自盆城濟江。 In the second year of Taiping under Emperor Jing, as Chen Wudi was about to accept the abdication, Wang Lin requested Zhuang from Qi to head the Liang succession and crossed the river from Pencheng.

王琳總其軍國。 Wang Lin directed all military and state affairs.

母王氏，王琳之次姊，元帝即位，拜貴嬪，次妹又為良人，並蒙寵倖，方略益鍾愛。 His mother Lady Wang was Wang Lin's second elder sister; when Emperor Yuan took the throne she became Honored Consort, and her younger sister became Honored Lady; both were favored, and Fanglue was especially doted on.