Zhang Chong (張沖) | 24 Histories

Overview

Zhang Chong was a general and Administrator.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Siyue	思約	Sīyuē

Life and dates

Death

Until Source Date: Text: 永元三年三月丁酉 · Western Year: AD 501
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 8, passage 25

Attested activity

AD 499 永元元年九月丁未
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 41
AD 424 to AD 453 宋文帝 tease using childhood name 查
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 159-161
AD 450 to AD 479 Liu Song military youth with Yong and Guiyang campaign
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 162-169
AD 495 建武二年
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 178-182
AD 500 戊戌
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 81
AD 477 昇明元年
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 186

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AD 501 東昏末，義師圍郢、魯山
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 220, 227, 237, 241
AD 501 永元三年三月丁酉
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 8, passage 25
AD 501 永元三年二月甲申
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 8, passage 24
AD 500 永元二年三月癸卯
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 59
AD 500 永元二年夏四月丁未
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 62
AD 500 永元二年春正月壬子
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 54
AD 499 to AD 501 永元元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 18, passages 127, 129
AD 490 永明八年
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 171-174
AD 488 永明六年
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 170
AD 494 鬱林卽位 / 明帝卽位
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 175-177

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Jingyin (景胤)
father's elder cousin 從伯 · paternal line · Through Zhang Jian (張柬), Father of Zhang Jian (張柬之父), Zhang Shao (張邵)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 159
Kin of Yong (永)
collateral paternal uncle 從叔 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 162
Descendant of Zhang Shao (張邵)
Jingyin's father Shao 父邵 · paternal line · 2 generations · Through Jingyin (景胤)
Strongly inferred · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 159
Child of Jingyin (景胤)
given in adoption to succeed father's elder cousin 出繼從伯 · Adoptive parentage
adoptive succession 出繼 · Adoptive parentage
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 159
Child of Zhang Jian (張柬)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 158
Parent of Zi (孜)
young lord / son 郎君
Strongly inferred · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 220-222

Key source chapters

Career and standing

General of Pacifying the North 寧朔將軍
Added
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 167
General Who Assists the State 輔國將軍
Added
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 167
General Who Subdues the Barbarians 征虜將軍
Added
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 177
Inspector of Yuzhou 豫州刺史
AD 499 永元元年九月丁未 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 41
provisional staff as commander of the northern campaign in Qing and Ji 假節都督青冀二州北討諸軍事
AD 495 建武二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 178
Inspector of Ying 郢州刺史
AD 500 戊戌 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 81

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Inspector of Sizhou 司州刺史
AD 500 永元二年三月癸卯 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 59
Inspector of South Yanzhou 南兖州刺史
AD 500 永元二年夏四月丁未 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 62
Inspector of South Yanzhou 南兖州刺史
AD 500 永元二年春正月壬子 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 54
provisional bearer of the staff supervising Qing and Ji provinces 假節監青冀二州刺史事
AD 490 永明八年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 171
chief administrator to the Champion General for the Prince of Xiyang 西陽王冠軍司馬
AD 488 永明六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 170
central army officer on the southern campaign of the Prince of Guiyang 桂陽王征南中兵
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 164
Champion General 冠軍將軍
Appointed · newly made
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 81
General of Pacifying the North 寧朔將軍
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 166
General Who Inspires Awe 振威將軍
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 164
General Who Pacifies the Distance 綏遠將軍
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 162
Gentleman at the Yellow Gate 黃門郎
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 177
Gentleman of the Imperial Carriages in the Secretariat 尚書駕部郎
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 164
Grand Administrator of Matou 馬頭太守
Appointed · At Matou 馬頭
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 169
Grand Administrator of Xuyi 盱眙太守
Appointed · At Xuyi 盱眙
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 162
aide to the Southern Central Commander under the General of Agile Cavalry and Grand Marshal 驃騎太尉南中郎參軍
Declined
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 165
Chief Administrator of the Campaign-against-Barbarians staff 征虜長史
AD 499 永元元年九月丁未 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 41
Colonel of the Long River 長水校尉
Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 166
Direct Attendant 通直郎
Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 166
direct military aide to the Northern Central Commander for the Prince of Wuling 武陵王北中郎直兵參軍
Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 166
Governor of Ying Province 郢州刺史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 8, passage 24
Leader of the Army 領軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 186
Supporter-of-the-State General 輔國將軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 54
Champion General 冠軍將軍
Newly appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 62
General Who Establishes Valor 冠軍將軍
AD 494 鬱林卽位 · Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 175
General of the Left Army 左軍將軍
Promoted
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 167
Regional Inspector of Qing and Ji 刺史
Promoted
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 174
provincial chief clerk 州主簿
Summoned
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 162
Attendant in the Western Campaign 征西從事中郎
Transferred
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 166
Grand Administrator of Xuyi 盱眙太守
Transferred · At Xuyi 盱眙
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 169

Places and affiliations

Southern Qi 南齊
Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 8, passage 24
Polity Liu Song 宋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 186
Polity Southern Qi 南齊 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passages 41, 81; Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 170, 175-176, 178
Polity Southern Qi 南齊 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 54; Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 220, 237
Polity Southern Qi 齊 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Liang 18, passage 129
Polity Id liu-song · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 160, 162, 164

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At Wu in Wu Commandery 吳郡吳
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 157
AD 499 永元元年九月丁未
At Yuzhou 豫州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 41
AD 500 戊戌
At Ying province 郢州 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 81
AD 500 永元二年三月癸卯
At Sizhou 司州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 59
AD 500 永元二年夏四月丁未
At South Yanzhou 南兖州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 62
AD 500 永元二年春正月壬子
At South Yanzhou 南兖州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 54
At Wu in Wu Commandery 吳郡吳 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 157

Works and attributed material

Gui staked a hundred lives on one cast—and on his first throw drew the winning lot.
Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Gao of Qi (齊高帝)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 186

Events and relationships

Appointed inspector of Ying
AD 500 戊戌 · Appointment · Appointee
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 81
Appointed inspector
AD 500 永元二年三月癸卯 · Appointment · Appointee · At Sizhou 司州
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 59
Appointed inspector
AD 500 永元二年夏四月丁未 · Appointment · Appointee · At South Yanzhou 南兖州
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 62
Appointed inspector
AD 500 永元二年春正月壬子 · Appointment · Appointee · At South Yanzhou 南兖州
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 7, passage 54
Campaigned at Pengcheng in bitter cold
Military · Officer · With Yong (永) · At Pengcheng 彭城
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 163
Compared in siege to
AD 501 東昏末，義師圍郢、魯山 · Military · Defender · With Zang Hong (臧洪)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 227

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Followed on campaign
Military · Subordinate commander · With Yong (永)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 162
Held city
Military · Defender · At Ying 郢 · With Prince of Liang (梁王)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 8, passage 24
Held fortress to the end
AD 501 東昏末，義師圍郢、魯山 · Military · Defender
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 241
Held out
Military · Besieged · At Yingcheng 郢城
Directly stated · Book of Liang 18, passage 129
Seasonally offered native produce per father testament
Ritual · Sacrificer · With Jingyin (景胤) · At Wu 吳
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 49, passages 172-173
Sent Du Senghu against three cities
AD 495 建武二年 · Military · Commander · With Du Senghu (杜僧護)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 182
Sent Sang Xizu to take three cities
AD 495 建武二年 · Military · Commander · With Sang Xizu (桑係祖)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 180
Superseded in provincial post
AD 494 明帝卽位 · Political · Replaced official · With Wang Hongfan (王洪範)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 176
With Hongfan sent Cui Jiyan to seize Jicheng
AD 495 建武二年 · Military · Commander · With Cui Jiyan (崔季延)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 181
Relation Former superior of · Person Fang Changyu (房長瑜)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 220

Assessments and attributes

Assessment awakening came too late · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 242
Assessment compared to Zang Hong in a famous siege · Mode named-source-report Source Work men of the day 時
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 227
Assessment exceptional filial devotion from youth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 162
Assessment failed to read heaven's intent and clung stubbornly to a doomed cause · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 237
Assessment loyalty reached to heaven; conduct surpassed pine and bamboo · Mode speech Speaker Fang Changyu (房長瑜)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 220
Assessment praised Zhang Gui's bold successful gamble · Mode speech Speaker Zhang Chong (張沖)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 186

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Assessment the court valued him for practical ability and therefore kept him in military commands · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 168
lost all his toes to frostbite on the Pengcheng campaign
Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 49, passage 163