Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Northern Zhou emperor, personal name Yuwen Yong, who reigned from AD 561 to 578

Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou 周武

Zhōu Wǔ

First attested AD 557; died AD 578 to AD 579

Passages
83
Chapters
24
Histories
4

Overview

Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou was a Northern Zhou emperor, personal name Yuwen Yong, who reigned from AD 561 to 578.

IdentityHistorical · Male

Other names

TypeEnglishChinesePinyin
Personal name Yuwen Yong 宇文邕 Yuwen Yong
Posthumous name Emperor Wu 武帝 Wudi
Temple name High Ancestor 高祖 Gaozu

Life and dates

Death

Attested activity

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Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Key source chapters

  1. Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 7 Volume 7 Annals 7: Emperor Wucheng 1 passage
  2. Book of Zhou, Chapter 13 Volume 13 Biographies 5: Princes of Wen, Xiaomin, Wu, and Xuan 16 passages
  3. Book of Zhou, Chapter 9 Volume 9 Biographies 1: Empresses 14 passages
  4. Book of Zhou, Chapter 10 Volume 10 Biographies 2: Duke Hao of Shaohui; Duke Lian of Qijian; Duke Luosheng of Juzhuang; Duke Zhong of Yuguo 8 passages
  5. Book of Zhou, Chapter 26 Volume 26 Biographies 18: Zhang Sunjian; Zhangsun Shaoyuan; Younger Brother Cheng; Elder Brother Si; Hu Sizheng 6 passages

Career and standing

Places and affiliations

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Learning and skills

  • AD 572 to AD 573 建德初
    Belief Daoist teaching / abstruse discourse 道法／玄言 · Relation Favored
    Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 51, passage 38

Works and attributed material

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Events and relationships

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Assessments and attributes

Source notes

References in the histories

83 passages

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 7Volume 7 Annals 7: Emperor Wucheng · 1 passage
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Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 9Volume 9 Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 1 passage
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Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 11Volume 11 Biographies 3: Six Princes of Wenxiang · 3 passages
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Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 31Volume 31 Biographies 23: Wang Xin; Wang Xi · 1 passage
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Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 46Volume 46 Biographies 38: Good Officials · 1 passage
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Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 50Volume 50 Biographies 42: Favored by Nobles · 1 passage
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Book of Chen, Chapter 14Volume 14: Chen Chang; Chen Tanlang · 1 passage
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Book of Chen, Chapter 20Volume 20: Dao Zhongju; Han Zigao; Hua Jiao · 1 passage
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Book of Chen, Chapter 32Volume 32: Filial Piety · 1 passage
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Book of Sui, Chapter 43Volume 43 Biographies 8: He Jian Wanghong, Yang Chugang, Yang Zichong, Guang De, Wang Xiong · 1 passage
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Book of Sui, Chapter 44Volume 44 Biographies 9: Teng Mu Wangzan, Daodao Wangjing, Caiwang Zhiji · 3 passages
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Book of Sui, Chapter 51Volume 51 Biographies 16: Zhang Sunlan · 2 passages
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Book of Sui, Chapter 52Volume 52 Biographies 17: Han Qinhu, He Ruobi · 3 passages
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Book of Sui, Chapter 53Volume 53 Biographies 18: Daxi Zhangru, Helou Zigan, Shi Wansui, Liu Fang · 3 passages
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達奚長儒字富仁，代人也．祖俟，魏定州刺史．父慶，驃騎大將軍、儀同三司．長儒少懷節操，膽烈過人．十五，襲爵樂安公．魏大統中，起家奉車都尉．周太祖引為親信，以質直恭勤，授子都督．數有戰功，假輔國將軍，累遷使持節、撫軍將軍、通直散騎常侍．平蜀之役，恒為先鋒，攻城野戰，所當必破之．除車騎大將軍、儀同三司，增邑三百戶．天和中，除渭南郡守，遷驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司．從武帝平齊，遷上開府，進爵成安郡公，邑千二百戶，別封一子縣公．宣政元年，除左前軍勇猛中大夫．後與烏丸軌圍陳將吳明徹於呂梁，陳遣驍將劉景率勁勇七千來為聲援，軌令長儒逆拒之．長儒於是取車輪數百，繫以大石，沉之清水，連轂相次，以待景軍．景至，船艦礙輪不得進．長儒乃縱奇兵，水陸俱發，大破之，俘數千人．及獲吳明徹，以功進位大將軍．尋授行軍總管，北巡沙塞，卒與虜遇，接戰，大破之． Daxi Changru, styled Furen, came from Dai. His grandfather Si had been Wei’s inspector of Dingzhou; his father Qing held the ranks of general of agile cavalry and director of the three departments with equal standing. Even as a young man Changru was known for moral resolve and a daring that outstripped ordinary men. At fifteen he succeeded to the dukedom of Le’an. Under the Great Unity reign of Wei he entered service as commandant of the imperial carriages. Emperor Taizu of Zhou took him into his personal trust, and for his plainspoken loyalty and tireless diligence he received a sub-commandant’s commission. Battle honors followed in number; he was acting general who supports the state, then rose through commissioner bearing the staff, general who pacifies the army, and regular attendant-in-ordinary of the scattered cavalry. In the conquest of Shu he was always in the van—whether in siege or in the field, whatever he struck gave way. He was made general of chariots and cavalry and director of the three departments with equal standing, with three hundred added households in his fief. In the Tianhe period he became administrator of Weinan commandery, then general of agile cavalry and director of a bureau with equal standing. He followed Emperor Wu in the pacification of Qi, was promoted to superior director of the bureau, advanced to duke of Cheng’an with twelve hundred households, and had one son enfeoffed separately as a county duke. In the first year of Xuanzheng he was appointed valiant grand master of the left forward army. Later, with Wuwan Gui, he besieged the Chen commander Wu Mingche at Lüliang. Chen dispatched the fierce general Liu Jing with seven thousand elite troops in relief; Gui ordered Changru to intercept them. Changru took hundreds of cartwheels, lashed heavy stones to them, and sank them in the clear current so that hub followed hub in a barrier across the river. When Jing arrived, his fleet fouled on the wheels and could not pass. Changru then loosed his strike force by land and water together and broke the enemy, taking several thousand prisoners. After Wu Mingche fell into their hands, Changru was promoted to grand general for his achievement. He was soon made commander on campaign and patrolled the northern sands; he suddenly met the barbarians in battle and crushed them.
賀婁子幹字萬壽，本代人也．隨魏氏南遷，世居關右．祖道成，魏侍中、太子太傅．父景賢，右衛大將軍．子幹少以驍武知名．周武帝時，釋褐司水上士，稱為強濟．累遷小司水，以勤勞，封思安縣子．俄授使持節、儀同大將軍．大象初，領軍器監，尋除秦州刺史，進爵為伯． Helou Zigan, styled Wanshou, was originally from Dai. When the Wei moved south his family settled for generations west of the Pass. His grandfather Daocheng had been Wei’s attendant-in-chief and grand tutor of the heir apparent; his father Jingxian was general of the right guard. From youth Zigan was known for martial daring. Under Emperor Wu of Zhou he entered service as master of waters in the waterways office and was praised as forceful and capable. He rose to junior director of waterways and, for diligent service, was enfeoffed as viscount of Si’an county. He was soon made commissioner bearing the staff and general with equal standing. At the start of the Daxiang era he headed the directorate of armaments, then became governor of Qinzhou and was advanced to earl.
史萬歲，京兆杜陵人也．父靜，周滄州刺史．萬歲少英武，善騎射，驍捷若飛．好讀兵書，兼精占候．年十五，值周、齊戰於芒山，萬歲時從父入軍，旗鼓正相望，萬歲令左右趣治裝急去．俄而周師大敗，其父由是奇之．武帝時，釋褐侍伯上士．及平齊之役，其父戰沒，萬歲以忠臣子，拜開府儀同三司，襲爵太平縣公． Shi Wansui came from Duling in Jingzhao. His father Jing had been Zhou’s governor of Cangzhou. From youth Wansui was bold and martial, skilled in riding and archery, swift as if he could fly. He loved military texts and was also expert in divination and celestial signs. At fifteen, when Zhou and Qi fought at Mount Mang, he was with his father in the army. The two hosts were just facing each other when Wansui told his attendants to pack up and leave at once. Soon the Zhou army was routed, and his father marveled at him. Under Emperor Wu he entered service as senior attendant of the guard. In the pacification of Qi his father died in battle; as a loyal minister’s son, Wansui was made director of the bureau with equal standing and inherited the dukedom of Taiping county.
Book of Sui, Chapter 61Volume 61 Biographies 26: Yu Wenshu, Guo Yan · 4 passages
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Book of Sui, Chapter 72Volume 72 Biographies 37: Filial Piety · 2 passages
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Book of Sui, Chapter 79Volume 79 Biographies 44: Imperial Affines · 2 passages
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Book of Zhou, Chapter 3Volume 3 Annals 3: Emperor Xiaomin · 1 passage
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Book of Zhou, Chapter 4Volume 4 Annals 4: Emperor Ming · 5 passages
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辛亥，以大宗伯、梁國公侯莫陳崇為大司徒，大司寇、高陽公達奚武為大宗伯，武陽公豆盧甯為大司寇，柱國、輔城公邕為大司空。 On xinhai day Grand Director of Ceremonies Houmochen Chong, Duke of Liang, was made grand minister of education; Grand Minister of Justice Daxi Wu, Duke of Gaoyang, was made grand director of ceremonies; Doulu Ning, Duke of Wuyang, was made grand minister of justice; and Pillar-of-State Yuwen Yong, Duke of Fucheng, was made grand minister of works.
Book of Zhou, Chapter 9Volume 9 Biographies 1: Empresses · 14 passages
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文帝元皇后 文宣叱奴皇后 孝閔帝元皇后 明帝獨孤皇后 武帝阿史那皇后 武帝李皇后 宣帝楊皇后 宣帝朱皇后 宣帝陳皇后 宣帝元皇后 宣帝尉遲皇后 靜帝司馬皇后 Empress Yuan, consort of Emperor Wen Yuwen Tai; Empress Chinu, consort of Emperor Wen Yuwen Tai; Empress Yuan, consort of Emperor Min Yuwen Jue; Empress Dugu, consort of Emperor Ming Yuwen Yu; Empress Ashina, consort of Emperor Wu Yuwen Yong; Empress Li, consort of Emperor Wu Yuwen Yong; Empress Yang, consort of Emperor Xuan Yuwen Yun; Empress Zhu, consort of Emperor Xuan Yuwen Yun; Empress Chen, consort of Emperor Xuan Yuwen Yun; Empress Yuan, consort of Emperor Xuan Yuwen Yun; Empress Yuchi, consort of Emperor Xuan Yuwen Yun; Empress Sima, consort of Emperor Jing Yuwen Chan
Book of Zhou, Chapter 10Volume 10 Biographies 2: Duke Hao of Shaohui; Duke Lian of Qijian; Duke Luosheng of Juzhuang; Duke Zhong of Yuguo · 8 passages
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Book of Zhou, Chapter 13Volume 13 Biographies 5: Princes of Wen, Xiaomin, Wu, and Xuan · 16 passages
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姚夫人生世宗，後宮生宋獻公震，文元皇后生孝閔皇帝，文宣皇后叱奴氏生高祖、衛剌王直，達步干妃生齊王憲，王姬生趙僭王招，後宮生譙孝王儉、陳惑王純、越野王盛、代奰王達、冀康公通、滕聞王逌。 Consort Yao bore Shizong; ladies of the rear palace bore Duke of Song the Exalted Zhen; Empress Wen Yuan bore Emperor Xiaomin; Empress Wen Xuan of the Chilu clan bore Yuwen Yong (the future Emperor Wu) and Prince of Wei the Impetuous Zhi; Consort Tabghan bore Prince of Qi Yuwen Xian; a royal lady bore Prince of Zhao the Presumptuous Zhao; the rear palace bore Prince of Qiao the Filial Jian, Prince of Chen the Bewildered Chun, Prince of Yue the Wild Sheng, Prince of Dai the Proud Da, Duke of Ji the Peaceful Tong, and Prince of Teng the Cultivated You.
Book of Zhou, Chapter 20Volume 20 Biographies 12: Wang Meng; He Lanxiang; Wei Chigang; Chilie Fugui; Yan Qing · 2 passages
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Book of Zhou, Chapter 26Volume 26 Biographies 18: Zhang Sunjian; Zhangsun Shaoyuan; Younger Brother Cheng; Elder Brother Si; Hu Sizheng · 6 passages
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