Yang Fang (楊芳) | 24 Histories

Overview

Yang Fang was a Provincial Military Commander.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1826 十月
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 40
AD 1834 道光十四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 382, passage 21
AD 1813 十八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 367, passages 160, 165
AD 1827 七年二月
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 58
AD 1841 二十一年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 8
AD 1827 六月
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passages 60, 62, 71

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AD 1833 十三年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 376, passages 164-165
AD 1833 十三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 47
AD 1830 十年秋
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 367, passages 252, 264
AD 1830 時諸臣議回疆事宜
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 367, passages 273, 280
AD 1841 道光二十一年正月
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 56
AD 1821 道光元年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 139, passages 127-128
AD 1837 道光十七年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 39

Key source chapters

Career and standing

general 將
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 58
deputy commissioner 參贊
AD 1827 六月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 62
deputy to the General for the Pacification of Rebels 副之
AD 1841 道光二十一年正月 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 56
Provincial Commander 提督
AD 1826 十月 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 40
Hunan Provincial Military Commander 湖南提督
AD 1841 道光二十一年正月 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 56
Brigade Commander 總兵
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 39

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Guyuan provincial military commander 固原提督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 273
Provincial Commander 提督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 382, passage 21
Regional Commander 提督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 47
Provincial Military Commander 提督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 8
Provincial Commander 提督
Promoted · At Chenzhou 辰州
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 39
Entered
Dismissed · Authority Husong'e (瑚松額)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 382, passage 22
Suffered
Impeachment · Authority E Shan (鄂山)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 47

Places and affiliations

Qing 清
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 139, passage 128
Qing 清
Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 8
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Active in
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 160
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passages 40, 58, 264, 273; Draft History of Qing 370, passage 56
AD 1827 六月
At Alai 阿賴 · Relation Encamped
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 60
At Hunan 湖南 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 56

Works and attributed material

draft memorial on adding troops and recruiting colonists 添兵招佃奏稿
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 273
Memorial · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 139, passages 128-129

Events and relationships

Ambush and pursuit to Kaertiegai
AD 1827 七年二月 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 71
Arrived first
Military · Deputy · At Guangdong 廣東
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passage 9
Attacked and routed
AD 1826 十月 · Military · Commander · With Jahangir Khoja (張格爾) · At Korping 柯爾坪
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 40
Killed Yi chiefs
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 382, passage 21
Kokand ambush barely escaped
AD 1827 六月 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 61
Marched under Chang Ling to Kashgar and Yengisar
Military · General · With Changling (長齡)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 264

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Proposed combined drill system
Political · Memorialist · At Zhili 直隸
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 139, passages 128-130
Pursued and defeated
Military · Commander · With Li Wencheng (李文成) · At Sizhai, Huixian 輝縣司寨
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 165
Pursuit beyond frontier
AD 1827 六月 · Military · Commander · With Yang Yuchun (楊遇春)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 60
Recover Khotan
AD 1827 時三月朔日也 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 58
Succeeded command at Zhanbian
Military · Commander · With Gui Han (桂涵)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 376, passage 165
Urged restraint
Military · Deputy
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 373, passages 14-15
Relation Deputy of · Person Yishan (奕山)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 56
Relation Protege of · Person Lin Zexu (林則徐)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 39
Relation Successor of · Person Gui Han (桂涵)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 376, passage 165
Relation Successor of · Person Yang Yuchun (楊遇春)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 62
Relation Colleague of · Person De'ying'a (德英阿)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 165

Assessments and attributes

Assessment hesitated and delayed; dared not report true military situation · Mode named-person-judgment Speaker Wu Jie (吳傑)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 376, passage 169

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passages 160, 273; Draft History of Qing 373, passage 8

References in the histories

Search passages

History

24 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 139Volume 139 Treatises 114: Military 10, Training · 1 passage

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是年，楊芳上言：「兵丁於練騎射槍矛之外，加以車騎合步連環三項，融結參合，日操一隊，以五隊更番演習，六日合操為一陣。 That year Yang Fang proposed: "Beyond archery, guns, and spears, troops add chariot, combined cavalry, and foot volley drill in rotation—one company daily, five companies in turn, forming up every sixth day.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 367Volume 367 Biographies 154: Changling; Na Yancheng and His Sons Rong'an and Rongzhao; Yulin; Teyishunbao · 10 passages

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時提督達凌阿等已敗賊渾巴什河，張格爾以眾三千踞柯爾坪，令提督楊芳襲破之。 By then Provincial Commander Dalin'a and others had already defeated the rebels at the Hunbash River. Jahangir Khoja held Korping with three thousand men, and Provincial Commander Yang Fang was ordered to attack and rout them.

分兵令遇春下英吉沙爾、葉爾羌，芳下和闐，於是四城皆复。 Forces were divided: Yang Yuchun was sent to recover Yengisar and Yarkand, Yang Fang to Khotan—and all four cities were restored.

六月，遇春、芳率兵八千出塞窮追，遇春屯色勒庫，芳屯阿賴，諭各部落擒獻。 In the sixth month Yang Yuchun and Yang Fang led eight thousand troops beyond the frontier in pursuit; Yuchun encamped at Serku and Fang at Alai, instructing the tribes to capture and hand over the fugitive.

詔斥諸將老師糜餉，留兵八千，餘命遇春率兵入關，芳代為參贊。 An edict rebuked the generals for prolonging the campaign and wasting supplies; eight thousand troops were left behind while Yang Yuchun was ordered to lead the rest back inside the frontier, with Yang Fang replacing him as deputy commissioner.

芳嚴兵以待，賊覺而奔，追至喀爾鐵蓋山，擊斬殆盡。 Yang Fang held the army ready; the rebels sensed the trap and fled; pursuit to Mount Ka'ertiegai left nearly all dead.

初，命總督溫承惠往剿，清既誅，乃發京兵，授那彥成欽差大臣，加都統銜，督師率楊遇春、楊芳等討之，迭詔責戰甚急。 At first Governor-General Wen Chenghui was ordered to suppress them; after Lin Qing was killed, capital troops were sent out, Na Yancheng was made Imperial Commissioner with commandant rank to direct Yang Yuchun, Yang Fang, and others, and repeated edicts urgently pressed for action.

文成遁輝縣司寨，楊芳、德英阿追破之，文成自焚死。 Li Wencheng fled to Sizhai in Huixian; Yang Fang and De'ying'a pursued and defeated him, and Wencheng burned himself to death.

及長齡督楊芳、胡超等大兵至喀、英二城，賊已遠遁。 By the time Chang Ling led Yang Fang, Hu Chao, and the main armies to Kashgar and Yengisar, the rebels had already fled far away.

時諸臣議回疆事宜，玉麟上疏曰：「閱固原提督楊芳添兵招佃奏稿，稱四川總督鄂山有請西四城改照土司之議。 At the time ministers were debating Muslim frontier policy; Yu Lin memorialized: "Having read the draft memorial of Guyuan commander Yang Fang on adding troops and recruiting colonists, it states that Sichuan governor-general E Shan has proposed treating the four western cities like native chieftaincies.

楊芳所謂守善於棄，實不易之論。 Yang Fang's doctrine that holding territory is better than abandoning it is indeed sound and not easily refuted.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 369Volume 369 Biographies 156: Lin Zexu, Deng Tingzhen, Da Hong A · 1 passage

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湖南鎮筸兵悍，數肇釁，巡閱撫馭，密薦總兵楊芳，擢為提督，移駐辰州，慎固苗疆屯防。 The garrison at Zhenqian in Hunan was unruly and had repeatedly stirred up trouble. Lin toured the region, restored discipline, and privately recommended Brigade Commander Yang Fang for promotion to provincial commander with headquarters at Chenzhou, tightening the defenses of the Miao frontier.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 370Volume 370 Biographies 157: Qi Shan, Yi Libu, Zong Shiqiying · 1 passage

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二十一年正月，事聞，上震怒，下琦善嚴議，命御前大臣貝子奕山為靖逆將軍，戶部尚書隆文、湖南提督楊芳副之，率師赴粵協剿。 When news reached the court in the first month of 1841, the emperor was furious. Qi Shan was placed under severe investigation. Beizi Yishan, a grand minister in attendance, was named General for the Pacification of Rebels, with Minister of Revenue Long Wen and Hunan Provincial Military Commander Yang Fang as deputies, to lead troops to Guangdong for joint suppression.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 373Volume 373 Biographies 160: Zong Shiyishan, Long Wen, Zong Shiyijing, Wen Wei, Te Yi Shun, Yu Buyun · 5 passages

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二十一年，命為靖逆將軍，督師廣東，尚書隆文、提督楊芳為參贊副之。 In the twenty-first year he was named Pacification General to command the Guangdong front, with Minister Long Wen and Provincial Military Commander Yang Fang as his deputies.

時英兵已陷虎門，楊芳先至，聽美利堅人居間，乞許通商，被嚴斥，促奕山速赴軍。 By then the British had already captured Humen. Yang Fang reached Guangdong first and, taking advice from American go-betweens, asked permission to resume trade; he was sharply rebuked, and Yishan was ordered to reach the army without delay.

楊芳主持重，以募勇未集，不欲浪戰。 Yang Fang urged restraint: the hired militia were not yet gathered, and he did not want a rash battle.

奕山初亦然之，既而惑於左右言，欲僥倖一試，芳止之不可。 Yishan at first agreed, but then his entourage persuaded him to gamble on one stroke of luck; Fang could not hold him back.

偕楊芳擊賊於毗拉滿，大敗之，復和闐，追擒賊酋玉努斯，授乾清門侍衛，擢貴州提督。 with Yang Fang he smashed the rebels at Bilaman, retook Khotan, captured the rebel leader Yunus, became an attendant at the Gate of Heavenly Purity, and was made provincial military commander of Guizhou.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 376Volume 376 Biographies 163: Xin Congyi, Zhang Lin, Gu Gao, Shen Weiqiao, Zhu Wei, Cheng Enze, Wu Jie · 3 passages

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楊芳繼任，用兵之區僅瓘邊一處，夷寇不過數部落，當易獲勝。 Yang Fang succeeded him in command. The theater of war was only the Zhanbian sector, and the Yi raiders numbered no more than a few tribes—victory ought to have been easy.

楊芳自抵瓘邊，頓兵三月。 Yang Fang, from the day he reached Zhanbian, halted the army for three months.

楊芳不敢以軍情入告，但稱督兵進剿，實皆游移觀望之辭。 Yang Fang dared not report the true military situation, claiming only that he was leading troops in pursuit—in fact these were words of hesitation and watchful waiting.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 382Volume 382 Biographies 169: Hu Song E, Bu Yan Tai, Sa Ying A · 2 passages

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十四年，瓘邊、馬邊夷匪勾結焚掠，提督楊芳擊斃夷目，以肅清入奏。 In the fourteenth year Yi bandits on the Jianbian and Mabian frontiers colluded in raids; Provincial Commander Yang Fang killed Yi chiefs and reported the area cleared.

既而夷复滋擾，瑚松額以芳辦理未善，劾罷之，自請議處，降一級留任。 When the Yi soon stirred again, Hu Song'e judged Yang Fang's conduct inadequate, impeached and removed him, volunteered for disciplinary action himself, and was reduced one rank but kept in post.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 384Volume 384 Biographies 171: Lin Peihou, Li Xiangkun, Li Zongchuan, Wang Fengsheng, Huang Mian, Yu De Yuan, Yao Ying · 1 passage

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十三年，瓘邊屬倮夷降复叛，勢甚張，總督鄂山既奏劾提督楊芳，檄宗傳往察治。 In the thirteenth year the Luo Yi on the Qian frontier, having submitted, rebelled again with great force; Governor-General E Shan had already impeached Regional Commander Yang Fang and dispatched Zongchuan to investigate and settle the matter.