Five Dynasties · Prince; Son of Taizu

Tong 侗

Died AD 950

Passages: 14
Chapters: 3
Histories: 2

Overview

Tong was a prince; Son of Taizu.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Childhood name	Qingge	青哥	Qīnggē

Life and dates

Death

Stated true · As of already deceased
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 11
AD 950 漢末
Murdered
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passages 1, 9
Executed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 47

Attested activity

AD 951 太祖即位
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 2
AD 950 to AD 951 帝舉兵於魏
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 47
AD 951 廣順元年二月庚子
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passages 9, 11
AD 950 漢末
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 1

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Sibling of Xin (信)
brother 子 · Uncertain siblings
brother 弟 · Paternal half siblings
Sources vary in certainty · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passages 47-48; Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passages 11-12
Sibling of Eldest imperial son (長子)
elder brother 兄
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passages 11, 13
Child of Guo Wei (郭威)
son 子
father 父
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passages 1, 11; New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passages 32, 49
Sibling of Emperor Shizong (世宗)
imperial younger brother 皇弟
younger brother 弟
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 55; Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 17
Child of Emperor (帝)
second son 第二子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 11

Kinship Role mother · Count 0 · Negated true · Detail mother unknown 不知其母誰氏
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 48
mother unknown 不知其母誰氏
Kinship Role mothers · Count 0 · Negated true
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 10

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Grand Commandant 太尉
AD 951 太祖即位 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passages 2, 11
Grand Guardian 太保
AD 951 廣順元年二月庚子 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 11
Grand Tutor 太傅
AD 957 顯德四年夏四月癸未 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 18
Grand Guardian 太保
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 17
Prince of Shan 剡王
AD 957 顯德四年 · Posthumously enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passages 3, 18
Grand Commandant 太尉
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 49

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Grand Tutor 太傅
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 56
Prince of Tan 郯王
Posthumously enfeoffed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 56
Put to death
Executed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 47

Places and affiliations

Polity Later Zhou 周 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 11

Works and attributed material

Edict · Subject · Speaker Emperor Shizong (世宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passages 17-18

Events and relationships

Executed with household
AD 950 漢末 · Political · Victim · With Guo Wei (郭威) · At Taizu's residence 帝第 · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Ouyang Xiu (歐陽修) Source Work Biographies of the Imperial Family in Ouyang's History 歐陽史·家人傳
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passage 9
Posthumously honored
AD 951 廣順元年二月庚子 · Ritual · Honoree
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 11

Source notes

Bestowed
AD 951 廣順元年二月庚子 · From Qingge 青哥 · To Tong 侗
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 11
AD 951 太祖即位
From Qingge 青哥 · To Tong 侗
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 122, passages 1-2, 11
From Qingge 青哥 · To Tong 侗
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 49

References in the histories

Search passages

History

14 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 111Volume 111 Book of Later Zhou 13: Taizu Annals 2 · 1 passage

故第二子青哥贈太保，賜名侗； the late second son Qingge received the posthumous rank of Grand Guardian and the name Tong;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 122Volume 122 Book of Later Zhou 24: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 7 passages

剡王侗，太祖子，初名青哥，漢末遇害。 Prince Tong of Shan was a son of Taizu; his childhood name was Qingge, and he was murdered in the final days of the Later Han.

太祖即位，詔贈太尉，賜名侗。 After Taizu came to the throne, he ordered Tong posthumously honored as Grand Commandant and given the formal name Tong.

原本過於簡略，疑有刪節，今據《歐陽史·家人傳》云：初，帝舉兵於魏，漢以兵圍帝第，時張貴妃與諸子青哥、意哥，侄守筠、奉超、定哥皆被誅。 The base text is so terse that passages may have been cut; the following is drawn from Ouyang Xiu's family biographies. When the future Taizu first took up arms in Wei, the Later Han besieged his household. The honored consort Zhang, the boys Qingge and Yige, and the nephews Shoujun, Fengchao, and Dingge were all put to death.

青哥、意哥不知其母誰氏。 The mothers of Qingge and Yige are unknown.

太祖即位，詔故第二子青哥贈太尉，賜名侗； After Taizu acceded, he posthumously named his former second son Qingge Tong and honored him as Grand Commandant;

故皇弟贈太保侗、贈司空信，景運初啟，天年不登，俾予終鮮，實動予懷。 My late brothers, Grand Guardian Tong and Minister of Works Xin, died just as fortune was turning and never lived out their years, leaving me alone among my kin—a grief that pierces me still.

侗可贈太傅，追封剡王； Let Tong be raised to Grand Tutor and posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Shan;

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 19Volume 19: Taizu of Later Zhou's Family · 6 passages

〈（太祖子侗信侄守願奉超遜）〉 (Taizu's sons Tong and Xin; nephews Shouyuan, Fengchao, and Xun)〉

初，帝舉兵於魏，漢以兵圍帝第，時張貴妃與諸子青哥、意哥，侄守筠、奉超、定哥，皆被誅。 Earlier, when the emperor raised his army in Wei, Later Han besieged his residence. Imperial Consort Zhang, the sons Qingge and Yige, and the nephews Shoujun, Fengchao, and Dingge were all executed.

青哥、意哥，不知其母誰氏。 Who bore Qingge and Yige is not recorded.

太祖即位，詔故第二子青哥贈太尉，賜名侗； When Taizu became emperor he decreed that his late second son Qingge be posthumously made Grand Commandant and given the name Tong;

故皇弟贈太保侗、贈司空信，景邊初啟，大年不登，俾予終鮮，實勤予懷。 My late brothers, posthumously Grand Guardian Tong and posthumously Minister of Works Xin, when the border war had barely begun did not live out their full span, leaving me brotherless to the end—a sorrow that truly weighs on my heart.

侗可贈太傅，追封郯王； Tong shall be posthumously made Grand Tutor and enfeoffed as Prince of Tan;