Sun Yuting (孫玉庭) | 24 Histories

Overview

Sun Yuting was an official.

PeriodQing

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Jipu	寄圃	Jìpǔ

Life and dates

Death

Stated true
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 63

Age

83
Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 63

Attested activity

AD 1809 to AD 1811 两江河务期间
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 116
AD 1804 to AD 1807 九年至十二年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 153
AD 1786 乾隆五十一年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 5
AD 1775 乾隆四十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 4
AD 1802 嘉慶七年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 7
AD 1816 嘉慶二十一年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 31

Show 9 more source-backed claims

AD 1815 嘉慶二十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 27
AD 1796 to AD 1798 嘉慶初
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 6
AD 1808 嘉慶十三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 22
AD 1810 嘉慶十五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 25
AD 1805 嘉慶十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 16
AD 1821 道光元年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 48; Draft History of Qing 374, passage 42
AD 1821 to AD 1824 道光元年至四年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 364, passages 124, 162
AD 1834 道光十四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 62
AD 1824 道光四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 57

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Ancestor of Yugui (毓溎)
grandson 孫 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 66
Ancestor of Yuwen (毓汶)
grandson 孫 · paternal line · 2 generations
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 66-67
Ancestor of Ji (楫)
great-grandson 曾孫 · paternal line · 3 generations
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 68
Child of Father of Sun Yuting
father 父
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 5
Parent of Ruizhen (瑞珍)
son 子
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 64-65
Parent of Shanbao (善寶)
son 子
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 64

four generations held high office
Kinship Role descendants · Count 4
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 69

Key source chapters

Career and standing

official recommended for appointment 薦任官員
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 116
Hanlin bachelor 庶吉士
AD 1775 乾隆四十年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 4
Reviser 檢討
AD 1775 乾隆四十年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 4
Acting governor-general of Yunnan and Guizhou 署雲貴總督
AD 1810 嘉慶十五年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 25
Governor of Yunnan 雲南巡撫
AD 1810 嘉慶十五年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 25
Associate grand secretary 協辦大學士
AD 1821 道光元年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 48

Show 25 more source-backed claims

Grand secretary of the Tiren Pavilion 體仁閣大學士
AD 1824 道光四年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 57
Guangxi salt administration circuit intendant 廣西鹽法道
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 5
governor-general or governor of Jiangsu and Zhejiang 江、浙督撫
AD 1821 道光元年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 374, passage 42
Governor-general of the Two Jiangs 兩江總督
AD 1821 道光元年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 364, passage 162
Governor 巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 153
Governor-general 總督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 364, passage 124
Intendant of Hedong circuit, Shanxi 山西河東道
AD 1786 乾隆五十一年 · Posted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 5
Governor of Guangxi 廣西巡撫
AD 1802 嘉慶七年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 7
Governor-general of Huguang 湖廣總督
AD 1816 嘉慶二十一年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 31
Provincial judicial commissioner 按察使
AD 1796 to AD 1798 嘉慶初 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 6
Hanlin compiler 編修
Restored
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 24
Financial commissioner of Hunan, Anhui, and Hubei 湖南、安徽、湖北布政使
Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 6
Governor of Guangdong 廣東巡撫
AD 1802 嘉慶七年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 7
posted to Guizhou 調玉庭貴州
AD 1808 嘉慶十三年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 22
Governor of Guangdong 廣東巡撫
AD 1805 嘉慶十年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 16
Governor of Guangxi 廣西巡撫
Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 16
Governor of Zhejiang 浙江巡撫
Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 26
Governor-general of the Two Jiangs 兩江總督
Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 32
fourth-rank official button 四品頂戴
AD 1834 道光十四年 · Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 62
Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent 太子少保
Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 35
Entered
AD 1786 乾隆五十一年 · Mourning leave
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 5
Entered
Dismissal
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 23, 59
Entered
Retirement
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 59
Threatened
Dismissal
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 58
Impeached and punished
AD 1824 道光四年 · Authority Wang Tingzhen (汪廷珍)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 364, passage 124

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 116; Draft History of Qing 374, passage 42
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 364, passage 124; Draft History of Qing 367, passage 153
At Jining, Shandong 山東濟寧
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 3
AD 1821 道光元年
At Jiangsu and Zhejiang 江、浙 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 374, passage 42

Learning and skills

Earned
AD 1775 乾隆四十年 · Credential Presented Scholar 進士
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 4

Works and attributed material

AD 1821 道光元年
Memorial · Author · Summary proposed collecting southern tribute grain at eighty percent · Mode reported-document Speaker Sun Yuting (孫玉庭)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 364, passage 162
Memorial · Author · With Nayancheng (那彥成)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 17-20
Memorial · Author · With Nguyen Phuc Anh (阮福映)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 9
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 37-46
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 11-13, 28-29, 50-51

Events and relationships

Dredged grand canal
Administrative · Agent
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 60-61
Exposed embezzlement
Legal · Accuser · With Hu Qilun (胡齊崙)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 6
Impeached Na Yancheng for rewarding bandits
Legal · Accuser · With Nayancheng (那彥成)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 153
Investigated annam refuge
Diplomatic · Investigator · At Guangxi 廣西
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 8
Proposed coastal defense
Military · Policy advocate · At Guangdong 廣東
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 15
Proposed policy
AD 1821 道光元年 · Political · Proposer · Topic banning illicit grain-transport surcharges while formally capping collection at eighty percent and tacitly allowing an extra twenty percent 議禁漕務浮收，明定八折，實許其加二
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 374, passage 42

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Proposed tribute grain surcharge reform
Political · Proposer
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 53-56
Relation Policy opponent of · Person Nayancheng (那彥成)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 17
Relation Recommended by · Person Song Yun (松筠)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 116

Assessments and attributes

Assessment could not end career with full honor · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 197
Assessment steady but later somewhat equivocal · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 194
Assessment words worthy of a great minister · Mode edict
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 47

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 367, passage 153; Draft History of Qing 374, passage 42

References in the histories

Search passages

History

24 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 342Volume 342 Biographies 129: Bao Ning, Song Yun Son: Xi Chang, Fu Jun, Dou Xinchuan, Bo Qi Tu · 1 passage

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复密陳吳璥、徐端所論不實，工程虛捏，自請調任總河察其弊，又薦蔣攸銛、孫玉庭可任。 He also reported in secret that Wu Jing and Xu Duan's claims were false and that engineering figures had been fabricated, asked to be transferred to grand canal director to investigate the abuses, and recommended Jiang Youqian and Sun Yuting as capable appointees.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 364Volume 364 Biographies 151: Ruan Yuan, Wang Tingzhen, Tang Jinzhao · 2 passages

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南河高堰潰決阻運，上以廷珍生長淮、揚，命偕尚書文孚往勘，劾河督張文浩、總督孫玉庭，譴黜有差。 The Gaoyan embankment on the Southern Canal burst and blocked transport; as Tingzhen had grown up in the Huai-Yang region, the emperor sent him with Minister Wen Fu to inspect; they impeached canal director Zhang Wenhao and Governor Sun Yuting, who were punished accordingly.

兩江總督孫玉庭以南漕浮收不能盡去，議請八折徵收，學政姚文田、御史王家相皆奏言不可。 Governor-General Sun Yuting of the Two Jiangs, because surplus collection on southern tribute grain could not be wholly stopped, proposed an eighty-percent levy; Educational Commissioner Yao Wentian and Censor Wang Jiaxiang both said it must not be done.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 366Volume 366 Biographies 153: Sun Yuting, Jiang Youxian, Li Hongbin · 19 passages

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孫玉庭、蔣攸銛、李鴻賓 Sun Yuting, Jiang Youxian, and Li Hongbin

孫玉庭，字寄圃，山東濟寧人。 Sun Yuting, courtesy name Jipu, came from Jining in Shandong.

安南國王阮光纘為農耐、阮福映所逼，叩關乞內避，命玉庭馳赴廣西察辦。 The Annamese king Nguyen Quang Toan, hard pressed by Nong Nai and Nguyen Phuc Anh, came to the border seeking refuge within the empire. Sun Yuting was ordered to proceed posthaste to Guangxi to investigate.

福映已滅光纘，遣使納款，玉庭疏陳其恭順，請受之。 By then Phuc Anh had overthrown Quang Toan and sent envoys to offer submission. Sun Yuting memorialized that his conduct was respectful and submissive and urged the court to accept him.

玉庭言：「不可以語言文字阻外夷鄉化之心。 Sun Yuting argued: "We must not let quibbles over names and script stand in the way of a foreign state's wish to draw nearer to civilization.

廣東海盜日橫，玉庭議防急於剿，請增兵嚴守口岸，禁淡水米糧出海以製之。 Piracy in Guangdong grew worse by the day. Sun Yuting argued that defense should take priority over pursuit, asked for more troops to hold the ports tightly, and proposed cutting off supplies of fresh water, rice, and grain at sea to bring the pirates to heel.

時總督那彥成專意招撫，玉庭意不合，疏陳其弊，謂：「盜非悔罪，特為貪利而來。 The governor-general Nayancheng was then devoted entirely to winning pirates over by inducement. Sun Yuting disagreed and memorialized on the abuses of that policy, writing: "The bandits are not repenting of their crimes; they come only for gain.

十三年，英吉利兵船入澳門，總督吳熊光但停貿易，未遣兵驅逐，上斥畏葸，罷熊光，調玉庭貴州。 In the thirteenth year British warships entered Macao. Governor Wu Xiongguang merely suspended trade and sent no troops to expel them. The emperor denounced his timidity, removed him from office, and transferred Sun Yuting to Guizhou.

尋百齡至粵，追論熊光，且劾玉庭不以實入告，坐罷歸。 Soon afterward Bailin arrived in Guangdong, reopened the case against Wu Xiongguang, and also impeached Sun Yuting for failing to report the facts truthfully. Sun Yuting was dismissed and sent home.

會玉庭入覲，面奏馭夷之道：「妄有乾求，當折以天朝之法度； When Sun Yuting came to court for audience, he explained in person how to manage foreign powers: "If they presumptuously press demands, they should be checked by the laws of the dynasty;

玉庭久任封圻，治尚安靜，整頓江西、湖北引岸緝私，籌款生息，津貼屯丁，減省漕委，隨事為補苴之計，稍稍相安。 Having long served on provincial frontiers, Sun Yuting favored quiet governance. He tightened control over the salt transit banks of Jiangxi and Hubei to suppress smuggling, raised funds to earn interest, subsidized garrison colonists, and reduced grain-transport deputies. With such piecemeal remedies affairs gradually grew somewhat easier.

宣宗即位，特加太子少保銜。 When the Daoguang Emperor came to the throne, Sun Yuting was specially granted the title Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.

玉庭疏言：「自古有治人無治法。 Sun Yuting memorialized: "From antiquity there have been men who govern well, not laws that govern well by themselves.

帝詢淮鹽疏銷之策，玉庭言：「漢口為淮南售鹽總岸，向來船到隨時交易，是以暢銷。 The emperor asked how to revive sluggish sales of Huai salt. Sun Yuting replied: "Hankou is the chief market for Huainan salt. Formerly, when ships arrived they could trade at once, and sales were brisk.

然州縣困於丁費，浮收仍難禁絕，胥吏上下其手，專累良懦，因玉庭議不行，疆臣不敢復請； Yet districts and counties remained strained by labor fees, illegal surcharges could still not be stamped out, and clerks manipulated accounts to burden only the honest and weak. Because Sun Yuting's proposal was rejected, frontier officials did not dare raise it again;

至同治初，始定漕耗，卒如玉庭議。 not until the early Tongzhi reign was the grain-transport surcharge fixed—ultimately along the lines Sun Yuting had proposed.

會高家堰決，河督張文浩遣戍，部議玉庭革職，詔念前勞，寬之，留任。 When the Gaojia Weir burst, River Director Zhang Wenhao was banished. The ministry proposed that Sun Yuting be dismissed, but an edict, mindful of his long service, showed leniency and kept him in office.

孫玉庭、蔣攸銛並以老成膺分陝之寄，大事多以諮決。 Sun Yuting and Jiang Youxian both, by their seasoned maturity, received the empire's weightiest frontier appointments, and great affairs were often decided after consulting them.

其時鹽、河、漕皆積困，玉庭持重，晚稍模棱。 At that time salt, rivers, and grain transport were all deeply strained. Sun Yuting was steady, but in his later years grew somewhat equivocal.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 367Volume 367 Biographies 154: Changling; Na Yancheng and His Sons Rong'an and Rongzhao; Yulin; Teyishunbao · 1 passage

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巡撫孫玉庭劾其賞盜，降藍翎侍衛，充伊犁領隊大臣。 Governor Sun Yuting impeached him for rewarding bandits; he was demoted to blue-button guardsman and appointed brigade commander at Ili.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 374Volume 374 Biographies 161: Yao Wentian, Dai Dunyuan, Zhu Shiyan, He Linghan, Li Zhenhu, Zong Shiengui · 1 passage

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道光元年，江、浙督撫孫玉庭等議禁漕務浮收，明定八折，實許其加二。 In 1821 the Jiangsu and Zhejiang governors-general and governors, including Sun Yuting, proposed banning illicit surcharges on grain transport, formally capping collection at eighty percent while tacitly allowing an extra twenty percent.