Overview
Ji An was a Western Han official famed for forthright remonstrance.
PeriodQin and Han
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Courtesy name | Changru | 長孺 | Chángrú |
| Alternate name | Ji Zhi | 汲直 | Jí Zhí |
Life and dates
Death
- BC 120 to BC 110 七歲而卒Died in officeDated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 117
- died after ten years at HuaiyangAt Huaiyang 淮陽Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 234
Attested activity
- BC 126 元朔三年Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 38-39, 42, 46-47
- BC 129 to BC 128 二歲中Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 24, 26
- BC 132 今天子元光之中Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 29, passages 25-26
- BC 130 元光五年Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 68, passages 8, 86
- BC 141 to BC 87 列為九卿Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 59, passages 271-272
- BC 141 太子即位Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 5
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- BC 140 如汲黯、韓長孺Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 58, passage 174
- BC 157 to BC 141 孝景時Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 59, passage 130
- BC 157 to BC 141 孝景時Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 4
- BC 132 孝武元光中Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 38, passage 34
- BC 118 更立五銖錢Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 59, passage 214
- BC 141 to BC 87 武帝Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 59, passage 131; Book of Han 101, passage 94
- c. BC 140 to c. BC 112 汲黯Strongly inferred · Book of Song 69, passage 33
- BC 140 to BC 112 汲黯Strongly inferred · Book of Later Han 33, passage 4; Book of Song 66, passage 149
- BC 140 to BC 112 汲黯在朝（西漢武帝時）Strongly inferred · New Book of Tang 173, passage 167
- BC 124 to BC 121 汲黯詰之，乃闻于朝Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 264
- BC 121 渾邪王來降Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 59, passage 197
- BC 140 to BC 112 漢武帝世Strongly inferred · Book of Later Han 30, passage 98
- BC 140 to BC 90 漢武帝時Strongly inferred · Book of Han 75, passage 288
- BC 141 to BC 112 漢武帝時期Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 21, 117
- BC 141 to BC 87 漢興六十餘載Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 68, passages 254, 258; Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 277, 282
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Kin of Sima An (司馬安)sister's son 姊子 · maternal line · Through Sister of Ji An (汲黯姊)
paternal aunt's son 姑姊子 · paternal line · Through Paternal aunt of Ji An (汲黯姑姊)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 236; Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 119 - Sibling of Sister of Ji An (汲黯姊)elder sister 姊Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 236
- Child of Father of Ji An (汲黯之父)father 父Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 4
- Child of Father of Ji An (汲黯父)father 父Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 130
- Parent of Ji Yan (汲偃)son 子Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 118; Book of Han 59, passage 235
- Sibling of Ji Ren (汲仁)younger brother 弟 · Full siblingsDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 118
- Sibling of Ji Ren (汲仁)younger brother 弟Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 235
- ten generations of ministers and grandeesKinship Role ancestors · Count 10Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 129
- Kinship Role ancestors · Count 7 · seven generations of ministers including Ji AnDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 3
Key source chapters
- Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 120 Biographies of Ji and Zheng 59 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 59 Volume 50: Zhang, Feng, Ji and Zheng 55 passages
- Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 112 Biographies of the Marquis of Pingjin and Zhufu 8 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 68 Volume 58: Gongsun Hong, Bu Shi and Er Kuan 7 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 101 Volume 89: Upright Officials 2 passages
Origins and identity
- Forebears favored by ancient rulers of Wei; seven generations of ministers 其先有寵於古之衛君；至黯七世，世為卿大夫Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 2-3
Career and standing
- forthright character 質直Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 282
- minister and governor 卿大夫、太守Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 3, 15
- Master of Ceremonies 謁者BC 141 太子即位 · AppointedDated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 5
- Attendant to the Crown Prince 太子洗馬BC 157 to BC 141 孝景時 · AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 4
- chief commandant for noble ranks 主爵都尉AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 145
- Commandant of the Noble Ranks 主爵都尉AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 21
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- governor of Donghai 東海太守AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 141
- governor of Huaiyang 淮陽太守AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 215
- Governor of Huaiyang 淮陽太守AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 100-101
- grand counsellor of the palace 中大夫AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 140
- groom to the crown prince 太子洗馬AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 130
- magistrate of Xingyang 滎陽令AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 138
- Magistrate of Xingyang 滎陽令AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 12
- Palace Grandee 中大夫AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 14
- right metropolitan superintendent 右內史AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 183
- usher 謁者AppointedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 131
- Commandant of Nobility Ranks 主爵都尉HeldDirectly stated · Book of Han 68, passage 86
- Commandant of Noble Ranks 主爵都尉HeldDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 24
- Governor of Donghai 東海太守TransferredDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 15
- Right Prefect of the Capital 右內史TransferredDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 63-64
- EnteredResignation · Reason claimed illness; considered post beneath himDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 13
- EnteredDismissed from office after amnestyDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 212
- rank and salary of a Chancellor to a feudal lord 諸侯相秩Rank of feudal chancellor · GrantedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 116
- Nine Ministers 九卿Nine ministers · HeldDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 21
- Nine Ministers 九卿Nine ministersDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 271
- DismissedDismissal · minor offense; amnesty spared punishmentDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 97
- PardonedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 12
Places and affiliations
- Han 漢Relation ServedDirectly stated · Book of Han 68, passage 86
- Western Han 漢Relation ServedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 271; Book of Han 68, passage 258
- Polity Han 漢 · Relation ServedStrongly inferred · Book of Han 38, passage 34; Book of Han 75, passage 288
- Polity Han 漢 · Relation Served
- Polity Western Han 漢 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 131; Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 24
- Polity Western Han 西漢 · Relation ServedStrongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passage 149; New Book of Tang 173, passage 167
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- At Puyang 濮陽Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 127; Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 1
- At Donghai 東海 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 15
- At Huaiyang 淮陽 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 100
Learning and skills
- Belief Huang-Lao teaching 黃老 · Relation Adherent ofDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 142
- Belief Huang-Lao 黃老 · Relation Adherent ofDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 16
- Skill direct remonstrance 直諫 · Level renownedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 25
Works and attributed material
- Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Gongsun Hong (公孫弘) · Direct quotation · Extent s0026Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 26
- Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Emperor Wu (天子) · Direct quotation · Extent s0038, s0039Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 38-39
- Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Wu of Han (漢武帝) · Direct quotation
- Speech · Speaker · With Zhang Tang (張湯) · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 50-54
- Speech · Speaker · With Zhang Tang (張湯)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passages 173-176
- Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Gongsun Hong (公孫弘)Directly stated · Book of Han 68, passage 88
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- Speech · Speaker · With Li Xi (李息) · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 107-112
- Speech · Speaker · With Li Xi (李息)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passages 223-229
- Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Wu (武帝)
- Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
- Speech · SpeakerDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passages 160-161
Events and relationships
- Accused of pretenseDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 30, passage 98
- Blocked Huzi breach unsuccessfullyDisaster response · Commissioner · At Huzi 瓠子Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 29, passage 26
- Confronted Gongsun Hong over broken agreement and cloth quiltCourt dispute · AccuserDirectly stated · Book of Han 68, passages 88, 101
- Confronted at courtDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 26, 42
- Confronted at courtDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 264
- DenouncedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 50-54
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- Held court office deterring plotsDirectly stated · New Book of Tang 173, passage 167
- Listed among Han talents of the eraDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 282
- Mobilized workers to close the Huzi breach, but repeated closures failedDisaster response · CommissionerDirectly stated · Book of Han 38, passages 33-34
- Opened granariesAdministrative · Investigator · At Henan 河南Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 8-11
- Opposed executionPolitical · Remonstrant · opposed death sentences for merchants trading with HunyeDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 89-96
- Opposed killing Chang'an tradersPolitical · RemonstrantDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passages 204-205, 210
- Rebuked emperorDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 30-31
- Turned backDiplomatic · Envoy · At Wu 吳 · sent to Eastern Yue; returned without reachingDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 6-7
- Urged peacePolitical · Advisor · advocated heqin with Hu rather than warDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 57
- Literary exemplum · Sharp remonstrator · Mode quoted-document Speaker He Shangzhi (何尚之)Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 149
- Relation Warned · Person Li Xi (李息) · About Person Id Zhang Tang (張湯)Directly stated · Book of Han 101, passage 94
- Relation Rival of · Person Zhang Tang (張湯)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 182; Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 50, 62
- Relation Challenged · Person Gongsun Hong (公孫弘)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 264
- Relation Colleague of · Person Gongsun Hong (公孫弘)Directly stated · Book of Han 68, passage 86; Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 24
- Relation Rival of · Person Gongsun Hong (公孫弘)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 182; Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 61-62
- Relation Friend of · Person Zheng Dangshi (鄭當時)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 152; Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 26
- Relation Admirer of · Person Yuan Ang (袁盎)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 25
- Relation Modeled on · Person Yuan Ang (袁盎)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 151
- Relation Friend of · Person Guan Fu (灌夫)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 152
- Relation Friend of · Person Guan Fu (灌夫)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 26
- Relation Admirer of · Person Fu Bai (傅柏)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 25
- Relation Modeled on · Person Fu Bo (傅伯)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 151
- Relation Friend of · Person Liu Qiji (劉棄疾)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 152
- Relation Friend of · Person Liu Qi (劉棄)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 26
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment Hong's cloth quilt is fraud given Three Excellencies salary · Assessor Person Id Ji An (汲黯) · About Person Id Gongsun Hong (公孫弘) · Mode named-person-judgment Speaker Ji An (汲黯)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 38-39
- Assessment Men of Qi are deceitful; Hong's reversal is disloyalty · Assessor Person Id Ji An (汲黯) · About Person Id Gongsun Hong (公孫弘) · Mode named-person-judgment Speaker Ji An (汲黯)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 26
- Assessment admired as a model of conduct · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 33, passage 4
- Assessment approaches the ancient ministers of the altars · Mode named-speaker Speaker Emperor Wu (武帝)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 167
- Assessment blunt and principled; near to a minister of the altars of state · Mode named-speaker Speaker Emperor Wu of Han (漢武帝)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 42-43
- Assessment blunt stubbornness · Mode named-speaker Speaker Emperor Wu (武帝)Directly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 159
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- Assessment plain straightforwardness (質直) · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Han 68, passage 258
- Assessment proud, blunt, intolerant of others' faults · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passage 23
- Assessment ridiculed Gongsun Hong as deceitful · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 30, passage 98
- Assessment unyielding guardian for a young ruler · Mode named-speaker Speaker Zhuang Zhu (莊助)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 40-41
- Assessment uprightness · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Han 59, passage 278
- proud, blunt, loved learning, associated with knight-errantsCharacterDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 23, 25
- frequently ill; prolonged sick leaveHealthDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 18, 37
Source notes
- Historicity historical
- Value historicalDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 282
- After death and mid-career dismissal, household left without surplus wealthDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 120, passages 156-157
References in the histories
143 passages
No matching passages.