Hailancha (海蘭察) | 24 Histories

Overview

Hailancha was a general.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1772 三十七年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 311, passages 53, 56
AD 1774 三十九年…部將海蘭察
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passages 113-114
AD 1773 三十八年春
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 326, passages 215, 218
AD 1768 十一月
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 301, passages 212, 229
AD 1787 to AD 1788 台灣林爽文為亂
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 329, passage 98
AD 1784 四十九年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 182

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AD 1781 四十六年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 319, passages 18, 21
AD 1755 to AD 1759 定伊犁回部
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 233
AD 1787 to AD 1788 定台灣
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 235
AD 1791 to AD 1792 定廓爾喀
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 236
AD 1771 to AD 1776 定金川
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 234
AD 1755 to AD 1792 惟阿桂與海蘭察四次皆前列
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 237

Key source chapters

Career and standing

subordinate general 部將
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 113
Campaign Adviser 參贊
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 329, passage 98
Chief Grand Minister of Imperial Bodyguard 領侍衛內大臣
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 319, passage 18
Commander-in-Chief / Inner Court Minister 都統／領侍衛內大臣
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 234
Staff officer / councilor 參贊
Held · From Source Date: Text: 三十八年春 · Western Year: AD 1773
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 326, passage 215
foremost on all four Purple Splendor lists 四次皆前列
Received
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 237

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meritorious minister for pacification of Gurkha (Purple Splendor Hall) 紫光閣功臣（定廓爾喀）
Received
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 236
meritorious minister for pacification of Jinchuan (Purple Splendor Hall) 紫光閣功臣（定金川）
Received
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 234
meritorious minister for pacification of Taiwan (Purple Splendor Hall) 紫光閣功臣（定台灣）
Received
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 235
meritorious minister for pacification of Yili and the Muslim west (Purple Splendor Hall) 紫光閣功臣（定伊犁回部）
Received
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 233

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 301, passage 212; Draft History of Qing 311, passage 56; Draft History of Qing 318, passages 113, 182; Draft History of Qing 319, passage 18
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 233; Draft History of Qing 329, passage 98

Works and attributed material

Memorial · Author · Topic Wen Fu's disastrous conduct
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 326, passage 218

Events and relationships

Attacked Maerdike
AD 1772 三十七年 · Military · Commander · With Guo Xing (國興) · At Ma'erdike 瑪爾迪克
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 311, passage 56
Attacked
AD 1787 to AD 1788 台灣林爽文為亂 · Military · Commander · At Dapulin, Zhonglin, and Dapuwei 大埔林、中林、大埔尾
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 329, passage 98
Captured
AD 1774 三十九年 · Military · Commander · At Seyongpu Stockade 色漰普寨
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 113
Circled behind Ludingzong
AD 1772 三十七年 · Military · Commander · At Ludingzong 路頂宗
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 311, passage 70
Covered retreat of surviving troops
AD 1773 三十八年春 · Military · Reliever
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 326, passage 215
Defeated rebels and destroyed ambush
AD 1781 四十六年 · Military · Commander · With Su Forty-three (蘇四十三)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 319, passages 18, 21

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Encamped Gongga planning Cebudan
AD 1772 三十七年 · Military · Commander · With Guo Xing (國興) · At Gongga Mountain 貢噶山
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 311, passage 67
Impeached by He Shen
Legal · Impeached · With Heshen (和珅)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 319, passage 29
Listed among meritorious ministers
AD 1755 to AD 1759 定伊犁回部 · Honorific · Honoree
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 233
Listed among meritorious ministers
AD 1787 to AD 1788 定台灣 · Honorific · Honoree
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 235
Listed among meritorious ministers
AD 1791 to AD 1792 定廓爾喀 · Honorific · Honoree
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 236
Listed among meritorious ministers
AD 1771 to AD 1776 定金川 · Honorific · Honoree
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 234
Repelled night sally
Military · Officer
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 301, passage 212
Sent to suppress Zhang Ahun
AD 1784 四十九年 · Military · Commander · With Zhang Ahun (張阿渾)
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 182
Stormed fortress
AD 1774 三十九年 · Military · Commander
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 114
Struck riverside and forest attacks
Military · Officer
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 301, passage 213
Relation Co honoree with · Person Agui (阿桂)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 237
Relation Subordinate of · Person Agui (阿桂)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 113; Draft History of Qing 319, passage 30

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 318, passage 233; Draft History of Qing 329, passage 98

References in the histories

Search passages

History

20 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 301Volume 301 Biographies 88: Ne Qin, Fu Heng, Fu Ling An, Fu Long An, Fu Long An, Feng Shenjilun, Fu Chang An · 2 passages

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師破東南木寨，緬兵夜自水寨出，傅恆令海蘭察御之，又令伊勒圖督舟師掩擊，复獲船纛。 Our troops took the southeast timber camp; the Burmese sallied by night from the water camp; Hailancha repelled them and Yiletui's fleet seized more boats and banners.

緬兵潛至江岸築壘，又自林箐中出，海蘭察擊之，屢有斬馘。 The Burmese built riverside forts and struck from the woods; Hailancha beat them back again and again.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 311Volume 311 Biographies 98: Ha Pan Long, Ren Ju, Ye Da Xiong, Ma Liangzhu, Ben Jin Zhong, Liu Shun · 3 passages

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國興自阿喀木雅山溝紆道徑瑪爾迪克山寨，察策卜丹地勢，林深徑狹，不宜於行師，乃將二千人佐海蘭察攻瑪爾迪克。 Guo Xing took a detour through Akemuya Ravine toward Ma'erdike stockade; finding Cebudan's forests too deep and paths too narrow for a main column, he led two thousand men to assist Hailancha in assaulting Ma'erdike.

時國興及海蘭察將五千人屯貢噶山，謀攻策卜丹，阻冰雪未進。 Guo Xing and Hailancha had five thousand men at Gongga Mountain planning an assault on Cebudan, but ice and snow held them back.

海蘭察紆道出山後，侍衛額森特自小徑為應，國興前越溝攻碉。 Hailancha circled behind the mountain, Guardsman Esente moved along a side path in support, and Guo Xing crossed the ravine in front to storm the blockhouses.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 318Volume 318 Biographies 105: A Gui, A Di Si, A Bi Da · 8 passages

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部將海蘭察從間道破色漰普寨，繞出山後，賊退守薩甲山嶺。 Subordinate general Hailancha took Seyongpu Stockade by a hidden route and swung around behind the mountain; the rebels fell back to the Sa'jia Mountain ridge.

海蘭察奪其峭壁大碉，諸寨奪氣，同時下，乘勝臨遜克爾宗。 Hailancha stormed their cliff-top fortress; the other stockades lost heart and surrendered together. Riding the momentum, the army pressed on to Xunke'erzong.

上遣福康安、海蘭察等討之，復命阿桂視師。 The emperor sent Fuk'anggan, Hailancha, and others to suppress him and again ordered A Gui to oversee the campaign.

定伊犁回部五十人：大學士傅恆，將軍兆惠、班第、納木札爾，副將軍策布登扎布、富德、薩拉爾，大學士總督黃廷桂，參贊大臣親王色布騰巴爾珠爾，貝子扎拉豐阿，郡王羅卜藏多爾濟、額敏和卓，尚書舒赫德、阿里袞，總督鄂容安，侍郎明瑞、阿桂、三泰、鄂實，領隊大臣內大臣博爾奔察，提督豆斌、高天喜，副都統端濟布，護軍統領愛隆阿，前鋒統領瑪巘，副都統巴圖濟爾噶爾，散秩大臣齊凌扎布、噶布舒，郡王霍集斯，貝子鄂對，內大臣鄂齊爾，散秩大臣阿玉錫、達什策淩，副都統鄂博什、溫布、由屯、三格，侍衛奇徹布、老格、達克、塔納、薩穆坦、璊綽爾圖、塔瑪鼐、富錫爾、海蘭察、富紹、扎奇圖、阿爾丹察、五十保。 For the pacification of Yili and the Muslim regions, the fifty men honored were: Grand Secretary Fu Heng; Generals Zhao Hui, Ban Di, and Namuzha'er; Deputy Generals Tsebudengjab, Fude, and Salar; Grand Secretary and Governor-General Huang Tinggui; Assisting Commander Prince Sebeteng Baljur; Beizi Zhalafeng'a; Princes Luobuzang Duo'erji and Emin Hezhuo; Ministers Shuhede and Aligun; Governor-General E Rong'an; Vice Ministers Mingrui, A Gui, Santai, and E Shi; Inner Court Minister and Column Commander Bo'erbengcha; Regional Commanders Dou Bin and Gao Tianxi; Vice Commander-in-Chief Duanjibu; Guard Commander Ailong'a; Vanguard Commander Ma Yan; Vice Commander-in-Chief Batu Ji'erga'er; Ministers without Portfolio Qiling Zhabu and Gabushu; Prince Huo Jisi; Beizi E Dui; Inner Court Minister E Qi'er; Ministers without Portfolio Ayu Xi and Dashice Ling; Vice Commanders E Boshi, Wenbu, Youtun, and Sange; and Guards Qichebu, Laoge, Dake, Tana, Samutan, Man Chuo'ertu, Tamannai, Fuxi'er, Hailancha, Fushao, Zhaqitu, A'erdancha, and Wushibao.

定金川五十人：將軍阿桂，副將軍豐升額、明亮，大學士舒赫德、於敏中，尚書福隆安，參贊大臣親王色布騰巴爾珠爾，都統海蘭察，護軍統領額森特、舒常，領隊大臣都統奎林、和隆武、福康安，副都統普爾普，荊州將軍興兆，參贊大臣提督哈國興，領隊大臣提督馬彪、馬全、書麟，副都統三保、烏什哈達、瑚尼爾圖、珠爾格德、阿爾都、阿爾薩朗、舒亮、科瑪、伊蘭保、佛倫泰、富興、德赫布、莽喀察，總兵海祿、敖成、官達色、成德、欽保、曹順、保寧、特成額、烏爾納，總兵敦柱，侍衛額爾特、托爾托保、泰斐英阿、柏凌、達蘭泰、薩爾吉岱，佐領特爾惇澈，副將興奎。 For the pacification of Jinchuan, the fifty men honored were: General A Gui; Deputy Generals Fengsheng'e and Mingliang; Grand Secretaries Shuhede and Yu Minzhong; Minister Fulong'an; Assisting Commander Prince Sebeteng Baljur; Commander-in-Chief Hailancha; Guard Commanders Esente and Shuchang; Column Commanders Kuilin, Helongwu, and Fuk'anggan; Vice Commander-in-Chief Pu'erpu; Jingzhou General Xingzhao; Assisting Commander and Regional Commander Ha Guoxing; Column Commanders and Regional Commanders Ma Biao, Ma Quan, and Shu Lin; Vice Commanders Sanbao, Wushi Hada, Huni'ertu, Zhu'ergede, A'erdu, A'ersalang, Shuliang, Kema, Yilanbao, Foluntai, Fuxing, Dehebu, and Mangkacha; Regional Commanders Hailu, Aocheng, Guandase, Chengde, Qinbao, Caoshun, Baoning, Techeng'e, and Wu'erna; Regional Commander Dunzhu; Guards E'erte, Tuo'ertuobao, Taifeiying'a, Boling, Dalantai, and Sa'erjidai; Adjutant Te'erdun Che; and Vice General Xingkui.

定台灣二十人：大學士阿桂、和珅、王杰，協辦大學士福康安，領侍衛內大臣海蘭察，尚書福長安、董誥，總督李侍堯、孫士毅，巡撫徐嗣曾，成都將軍鄂輝，護軍統領舒亮、普爾普，提督蔡攀龍、梁朝柱、許世亨，總兵穆克登阿、張芝元、普吉保，散秩大臣穆塔爾。 For the pacification of Taiwan, twenty men were honored: Grand Secretaries A Gui, Heshen, and Wang Jie; Associate Grand Secretary Fuk'anggan; Inner Court Minister Hailancha; Ministers Fuchang'an and Dong Gao; Governors-General Li Shiyao and Sun Shiyi; Governor Xu Siceng; Chengdu General E Hui; guard commanders Shuliang and Pu'erpu; regional commanders Cai Panlong, Liang Chaozhu, Xu Shiheng, Mukedeng'a, Zhang Zhiyuan, and Pujibao; and Minister without Portfolio Mutar.

定廓爾喀十五人：大學士福康安、阿桂、和坤、王杰、孫士毅，領侍衛內大臣海蘭察，尚書福長安、董誥、慶桂、和琳，總督惠齡，護軍統領台斐英阿、額勒登保，副都統阿滿泰、成德。 For the pacification of Gurkha, fifteen men were honored: Grand Secretaries Fuk'anggan, A Gui, Heshen, Wang Jie, and Sun Shiyi; Inner Court Minister Hailancha; Ministers Fuchang'an, Dong Gao, Qing Gui, and Helin; Governor-General Hui Ling; Guard Commanders Taifeiying'a and E'erdengbao; and Vice Commanders A'mantai and Chengde.

功稍次者列於後，儒臣為之贊，惟阿桂與海蘭察四次皆前列。 Men of slightly lesser merit were listed behind them, with encomia composed by scholar-officials; only A Gui and Hailancha were placed foremost on all four lists.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 319Volume 319 Biographies 106: Yu Minzhong, He Shen Son: Feng Shenyinde, Younger Brother: He Lin, Su Linga · 4 passages

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四十六年，甘肅撒拉爾番回蘇四十三等叛，逼蘭州，額駙拉旺多爾濟、領侍衛內大臣海蘭察、護軍額森特等率兵討之。 In the forty-sixth year the Salar Muslim leader Su Forty-three and others rebelled in Gansu and pressed upon Lanzhou. The imperial son-in-law Lawang Duorji, Chief Grand Minister Hailancha, and Guard Captain Esente led troops to suppress them.

至則海蘭察等已擊賊勝之，即督諸將分四路進兵，海蘭察逼賊山梁，殲其伏。 When He Shen arrived, Hailancha and the others had already defeated the rebels. He immediately directed the generals to advance in four columns. Hailancha drove the rebels onto a mountain ridge and wiped out their ambush force.

上微察之，詔斥和珅匿圖欽保死事不上聞，赴師遲延，而劾海蘭察、額森特先戰顛倒是非； The emperor had quietly taken note of this. An edict rebuked He Shen for concealing Tu Qinbao's death and failing to report it, for delaying his arrival at the front, and for impeaching Hailancha and Esente and reversing right and wrong about who had fought first;

又謂自阿桂至軍，措置始有條理，一人足辦賊，和珅在軍事不歸一，海蘭察等久隨阿桂，易節制，命和珅速回京。 it further stated that once A Gui reached the army the arrangements became orderly and one man was enough to finish the rebels; with He Shen present military affairs lacked unity, whereas Hailancha and the others had long served under A Gui and were easy to command. He Shen was ordered to return to the capital at once.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 326Volume 326 Biographies 113: Kai Tai, A Er Tai, Gui Lin, Wen Fu · 2 passages

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參贊海蘭察聞警赴援，殿餘兵自間道出。 Staff officer Hailancha, hearing the alarm, rushed to their aid and covered the retreat of the surviving troops along a hidden route.

既，劉秉恬、海蘭察、富勒渾各疏言溫福僨事狀，命奪伯爵，予三等輕車都尉世職。 Afterward Liu Bingtian, Hailancha, and Fulehun each memorialized on Wen Fu's disastrous conduct; he was stripped of the earldom and given the hereditary rank of third-class commandant of light chariots.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 329Volume 329 Biographies 116: Song Yuanjun, Xue Cong, Zhang Zhiyuan, Dong Tianbi, Chai Daji · 1 passage

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參贊海蘭察等分攻大埔林、中林、大埔尾三莊，芝元為策應。 Campaign Adviser Hailancha and others split forces against the three villages of Dapulin, Zhonglin, and Dapuwei while Zhiyuan provided supporting action.