Emperor Shizu (世祖) | 24 Histories

Overview

Emperor Shizu was a Jurchen Ruler Helibo.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Emperor Shengsu	聖肅皇帝

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1176 大定十六年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 33, passage 152
AD 1176 大定十六年四月十九日
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 33, passage 79
AD 1136 天會十四年八月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passages 19, 30, 36
AD 1176 明年四月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 33, passage 36
AD 1145 皇統五年閏十一月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passage 96

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Sibling of Emperor Muzong (穆宗)
brother 兄弟 · Full siblings
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passages 30, 32
Sibling of Emperor Suzong (肅宗)
brother 兄弟 · Full siblings
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passages 20, 31
Spouse of Empress Yijian (翼簡皇后)
consort 后
Directly stated · History of Jin 32, passage 30
Parent of Emperor Taizong (太宗)
father 父
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passages 30, 34
Parent of Emperor Taizu of Jin (金太祖)
father 父
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · History of Jin 32, passages 30, 34; History of Jin 59, passage 250
Child of Emperor Jingzu (景祖)
father 父
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · History of Jin 32, passages 29-30; History of Jin 59, passage 178
Parent of Emperor Kangzong (康宗)
father 父
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · History of Jin 32, passages 30, 33; History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Wugunai (烏故乃)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Wodai (斡帶)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Ang (昂)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Wozhe (斡者)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Zhala (查剌)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Wosai (斡賽)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Taizong (太宗)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250
Parent of Zhamu (闍母)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250

Kinship Role sons · Count 11
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 250

Key source chapters

Places and affiliations

Jin 金
Relation Belonged to
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 59, passage 2
Polity Jin
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 68, passage 15
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passage 36

Works and attributed material

Declared that with Huandu at his side there was nothing he could not accomplish.
Direct quotation · Mode direct-speech
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 72
Demanded that Bugesou be sent before he would surrender the alleged arsonists.
Direct quotation · Mode direct-speech
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passages 30-31

Events and relationships

Dusk had fallen and Shizu had barely fifty or sixty riders. Huandu plunged into the enemy line and fought back and forth four times over before Shizu, wounded, called a halt.
Biographical record · Source Text 日已曛，惟從五六十騎，歡都入敵陣鏖擊之，左右出入者數四，世祖中創乃止。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 35
Huandu came in to counsel and went out to command on the field; he never left Shizu's side.
Biographical record · Source Text 歡都入與謀議，出臨戰陣，未嘗去左右。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 18
In Mingchang 5 he was raised to Special Advancement with the posthumous name Zhongji, Loyal and Succoring, and together with Duke of Dai Huandu, Special Advancement Hezhe, Grand Master of the Palace Penna, and Bearer of the Triple Staff Bada was granted collateral sacrifice in Shizu's temple.
Biographical record · Source Text 明昌五年，贈特進，諡忠濟，與代國公歡都、特進劾者、開府儀同三司盆納、儀同三司拔達，俱配享世祖廟廷。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 93
Lapei and Machan met Shizu at the Wild Magpie River.
Biographical record · Source Text 臘醅、麻產與世祖遇于野鵲水。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 34
Of Shizu's maternal brothers Muzong was the youngest, and so earned that name.
Biographical record · Source Text 世祖母弟中穆宗最少，故雲然。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 42
Portrait installed
AD 1176 大定十六年四月 · Ritual · Honoree · At Yansqing Palace 衍慶宮
Directly stated · History of Jin 33, passages 36, 79

Show 13 more source-backed claims

Shizu once said: "With Huandu at my side, what could I not accomplish?"
Biographical record · Source Text 世祖嘗曰：「吾有歡都，則何事不成。」
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 72
Shizu then went to Beinai and, standing across the Biecih River, said: "Bugesou has named Huandu and the rest as the arsonists. I shall keep our agreement to the letter.
Biographical record · Source Text 世祖乃往見杯乃，隔鱉刺水而與之言曰：「不歌束既告縱火由歡都等，謹當如約。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 30
Shizu was doubtful.
Biographical record · Source Text 世祖疑之。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 22
Shizu was moved and drew rein.
Biographical record · Source Text 世祖感其言，遂止。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 40
Suzong had twice been beaten by Huanhan. Shizu sent Huandu and Yehe with the commandery levies of their tribes to reinforce him.
Biographical record · Source Text 肅宗拒桓赧已再失利，世祖命歡都、冶訶，以本部謀克之兵助之。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 90
The encomium reads: Virtuous Shilu was friend to Zhaozu; Huandu served Jingzu and Shizu as minister.
Biographical record · Source Text 贊曰：賢石魯與昭祖為友，歡都事景祖、世祖為之臣。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 196
The tribal chiefs Saola and Fuzhe Talan watched to see which side would win and withheld their support. Both had previously joined Lapei and Machan, so Shizu meant to destroy them on the march home and spurred his horse forward.
Biographical record · Source Text 於是騷臘勃堇、富者撻懶歡勝負不助軍，而騷臘、撻懶先曾與臘醅、麻產合，世祖欲因軍還而遂滅之，馳馬前進。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 37
When Bugesou came, Shizu struck him down before his horse and made Beinai witness it.
Biographical record · Source Text 不歌束至，世祖于馬前殺之，使杯乃見之。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 32
When his house burned, he secretly suborned the bondservant Bugesou to claim that Huandu and Hutu had set the blaze, and sent Zhudu to Shizu with the message: "Bugesou reports that the fire the other day was the work of Huandu and his party.
Biographical record · Source Text 會其家被火，陰約隸人不歌束，詭稱放火乃歡都、胡土二人，使注都來謂世祖曰：「不歌束來告曰'前日之火，歡都等縱之'。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 20
When Shizu first came to power, Huandu inherited the post of military governor.
Biographical record · Source Text 世祖初，襲節度使。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 15
Woshan and Wotuo brought the Guli contingent in submission, and Shizu sent the tribal chief Xiebo to settle them.
Biographical record · Source Text 斡善、斡脫以姑裏甸兵來歸，使斜缽勃堇撫定之。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 46
Wuchun and Womouhan held the Huocihun River. Shizu had already accepted their surrender and marched his army home.
Biographical record · Source Text 烏春、窩謀罕據活刺渾水，世祖既許之降，遂還軍。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 36
Yehe and Huandu were always at Shizu's side, joining his councils in camp and taking their places in the battle line in the field. They were never absent from his affairs.
Biographical record · Source Text 冶訶與歡都常在世祖左右，居則與謀議，出則泣行陣，未嘗不在其間。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 91

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Jin 33, passage 36

References in the histories

Search passages

History

35 passages

History of Jin, Chapter 32Volume 32 Treatises 13: Rites 5: Conferring of Posthumous Titles · 4 passages

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皇曾祖太師，威靈震遠，機警絕人，雅善運籌，未嘗衿甲，臨敵愈奮，應變若神。 The imperial great-grandfather, Grand Preceptor, whose authority and majesty shook distant lands and whose alertness surpassed all others, excelled in strategy and never took the field lightly clad in armor; facing the enemy he fought all the harder, adapting to change like a spirit.

大而化之曰'聖'，剛德克就曰'肅'，思慮深遠曰'翼'，一德不懈曰'簡'，請上皇曾祖太師尊諡曰聖肅皇帝，廟號世祖，妣曰翼簡皇后。 Sheng is for great transformation of all under Heaven, su for firm virtue brought to completion, yi for deep thought and far-reaching consideration, jian for single-minded virtue without slackening—we ask that the imperial great-grandfather, Grand Preceptor, receive the posthumous title Emperor Shengsu, with the temple name Shizu, and that his consort be titled Empress Yijian.

仍請以始祖景元皇帝、景祖惠桓皇帝、世祖聖肅皇帝、太祖武元皇帝、太宗文烈皇帝為永永不祧之廟。 We further ask that the Founder Emperor Jingyuan, Jingzu Emperor Huihuan, Shizu Emperor Shengsu, Taizu Emperor Wuyuan, and Taizong Emperor Wenlie be designated as temples that shall never be removed from the main ancestral line.

是歲閏十一月，增上祖宗尊諡，始祖景元皇帝曰懿憲景元皇帝，德皇帝曰淵穆玄德皇帝，安皇帝曰和靖慶安皇帝，獻祖定昭皇帝曰純烈定昭皇帝，昭祖成襄皇帝曰武惠成襄皇帝，景祖惠桓皇帝曰英烈惠桓皇帝，世祖聖肅皇帝曰神武聖肅皇帝，肅宗穆憲皇帝曰明睿穆憲皇帝，穆宗孝平皇帝曰章順孝平皇帝，康宗恭簡皇帝曰獻敏恭簡皇帝，太宗文烈皇帝曰體元應運世德昭功哲惠仁聖文烈皇帝，徽宗景宣皇帝曰允恭克讓孝德玄功佑聖景宣皇帝，已上廟號如故。 In the intercalary eleventh month of that year the court augmented the posthumous titles of the imperial ancestors: Founder Emperor Jingyuan became Emperor Yixian Jingyuan; Emperor De became Emperor Yuanmu Xuande; Emperor An became Emperor Hejing Qing'an; Xianzu Emperor Dingzhao became Emperor Chunlie Dingzhao; Zhaozu Emperor Chengxiang became Emperor Wuhui Chengxiang; Jingzu Emperor Huihuan became Emperor Yinglie Huihuan; Shizu Emperor Shengsu became Emperor Shenwu Shengsu; Suzong Emperor Muxian became Emperor Mingrui Muxian; Muzong Emperor Xiaoping became Emperor Zhangshun Xiaoping; Kangzong Emperor Gongjian became Emperor Xianmin Gongjian; Taizong Emperor Wenlie became Emperor Tiyuan Yingyun Shide Zhaogong Zhehui Rensheng Wenlie; Huizong Emperor Jingxuan became Emperor Yungong Kerang Xiaode Xuangong Yousheng Jingxuan—the temple names listed above remained unchanged.

History of Jin, Chapter 33Volume 33 Treatises 14: Rites 6: Original Shrines, Invocation Ceremonies, Pilgrimages, Other Temples · 11 passages

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明年四月，詔依奉安睿宗禮，奉安世祖禦容于衍慶宮。 In the fourth month of the following year, an edict directed that the imperial portrait of Emperor Shizu be installed in Yansqing Palace following the rites used for Emperor Ruizong.

十六年正月，有司奏：「奉敕議世祖皇帝禦容當於何處安置。 In the first month of the sixteenth year, the responsible offices memorialized: "By imperial command we have deliberated where the imperial portrait of Emperor Shizu should be installed.

今世祖皇帝擇地修建殿位，庶可副嚴奉之意。」 For Emperor Shizu, selecting a site and building a hall would fulfill the intent of reverent veneration."

乃敕于聖武殿東西興建世祖、太宗、睿宗殿位。 An edict then ordered halls for Emperors Shizu, Taizong, and Ruizong built to the east and west of Shengwu Hall.

既而複欲擇地建太宗殿於歸仁館，有司言：「山陵太祖、太宗、睿宗共一兆域，太廟世祖、太祖、太宗、睿宗亦同堂異室。 Later they again wished to build a hall for Emperor Taizong at Guiren Lodge. The responsible offices reported: "At the mountain tombs, Emperors Taizu, Taizong, and Ruizong share one burial precinct; in the Grand Ancestral Temple, Emperors Shizu, Taizu, Taizong, and Ruizong share one hall with separate chambers.

乃定世祖殿曰廣德、閣曰燕昌，太宗殿曰丕承、閣曰光昭，睿宗殿曰天興、閣曰景福。 Shizu's hall was named Guangde and his pavilion Yanchang; Taizong's hall Picheng and pavilion Guangzhao; Ruizong's hall Tianxing and pavilion Jingfu.

其日質明，禮官率太廟署官等詣崇聖閣奉世祖禦容，每匣用內侍二人、太祝一員，禮官、署官前導，置於聖武殿神座。 At dawn that day, ritual officials led Grand Ancestral Temple staff to Chongsheng Pavilion to receive Emperor Shizu's portrait; each casket was borne by two palace attendants and one chief invoker, with ritual and temple officials guiding ahead to place it on the spirit seat in Shengwu Hall.

在位官皆再拜，訖，禮直官導世祖禦容升腰輿，儀衛依次序導從，至廣德殿，百官後從，至庭下班位立。 All officials in their stations bowed twice. The ritual protocol officer then guided Emperor Shizu's portrait onto the sedan chair; ceremonial guards followed in order to Guangde Hall while all officials followed behind and formed ranks in the forecourt.

大定十六年四月十九日，奉安世祖禦容，行朝謁之禮。 On the nineteenth day of the fourth month of Dading 16, Emperor Shizu's portrait was installed and the pilgrimage audience rites were performed.

十六年，奉旨：「世祖、太宗忌辰，一體奉奠。」 In the sixteenth year, by imperial command: "On the anniversaries of Emperors Shizu and Taizong, offerings should be presented together."

十八年八月，太祖忌辰，世祖、太宗同在一處致祭，有司言「歷代無一聖忌辰列聖預祭之典。」 In the eighth month of the eighteenth year, on the anniversary of Emperor Taizu's death, Emperors Shizu and Taizong were sacrificed to at the same site. The responsible offices stated: "Through the ages there is no precedent for other sage-emperors to receive preliminary sacrifice on one sage-emperor's anniversary."

History of Jin, Chapter 59Volume 59 Tables 1: Imperial Family · 2 passages

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右景祖子，與世祖、肅宗、穆宗凡九人。 Listed at right: sons of the Illustrious Ancestor—nine men, counting Shizu, Suzong, and Muzong.

右世祖子，與康宗、太祖、太宗凡十一人。 Listed at right: sons of Shizu—eleven men, counting Kangzong, Taizu, and Taizong.

History of Jin, Chapter 68Volume 68 Biographies 6: Huandu and His Son Mouyan; Yehe and His Sons Alubu, Gunan, and Egunai; Sanda's Son Pucha · 18 passages

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世祖初，襲節度使。 When Shizu first came to power, Huandu inherited the post of military governor.

歡都入與謀議，出臨戰陣，未嘗去左右。 Huandu came in to counsel and went out to command on the field; he never left Shizu's side.

會其家被火，陰約隸人不歌束，詭稱放火乃歡都、胡土二人，使注都來謂世祖曰：「不歌束來告曰'前日之火，歡都等縱之'。 When his house burned, he secretly suborned the bondservant Bugesou to claim that Huandu and Hutu had set the blaze, and sent Zhudu to Shizu with the message: "Bugesou reports that the fire the other day was the work of Huandu and his party.

世祖疑之。 Shizu was doubtful.

世祖乃往見杯乃，隔鱉刺水而與之言曰：「不歌束既告縱火由歡都等，謹當如約。 Shizu then went to Beinai and, standing across the Biecih River, said: "Bugesou has named Huandu and the rest as the arsonists. I shall keep our agreement to the letter.

不歌束至，世祖于馬前殺之，使杯乃見之。 When Bugesou came, Shizu struck him down before his horse and made Beinai witness it.

臘醅、麻產與世祖遇于野鵲水。 Lapei and Machan met Shizu at the Wild Magpie River.

日已曛，惟從五六十騎，歡都入敵陣鏖擊之，左右出入者數四，世祖中創乃止。 Dusk had fallen and Shizu had barely fifty or sixty riders. Huandu plunged into the enemy line and fought back and forth four times over before Shizu, wounded, called a halt.

烏春、窩謀罕據活刺渾水，世祖既許之降，遂還軍。 Wuchun and Womouhan held the Huocihun River. Shizu had already accepted their surrender and marched his army home.

於是騷臘勃堇、富者撻懶歡勝負不助軍，而騷臘、撻懶先曾與臘醅、麻產合，世祖欲因軍還而遂滅之，馳馬前進。 The tribal chiefs Saola and Fuzhe Talan watched to see which side would win and withheld their support. Both had previously joined Lapei and Machan, so Shizu meant to destroy them on the march home and spurred his horse forward.

世祖感其言，遂止。 Shizu was moved and drew rein.