Zonggan (宗幹) | 24 Histories

Overview

Zonggan was a Jin Prince and Statesman.

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Temple name	Emperor Mingsu	明肅皇帝	Mingsu Huangdi

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1179 十九年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 19, passages 126, 128
AD 1141 十日
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 36, passages 3, 5
AD 1126 天會四年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 78, passages 177-178
AD 1123 太祖崩
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 19, passage 220
AD 1115 to AD 1123 太祖諸子
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 69, passage 5
AD 1132 宗幹不敢違
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 210

Show 2 more source-backed claims

AD 1121 to AD 1135 宗幹尚稱明肅皇帝
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 19, passage 126
AD 1141 皇統元年正月二日
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 3

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Empress Guangyi (光懿皇后)
bore 生
Directly stated · History of Jin 69, passage 5
Sibling of Zongjun (宗峻)
elder brother 兄 · Paternal half siblings · paternal line
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 220
Child of Emperor Taizu of Jin (金太祖)
father 父
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · History of Jin 69, passage 5; History of Jin 59, passage 461
Parent of Emperor Hailing (海陵)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 462
Parent of Yan (兗)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 462
Parent of Xiang (襄)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 462
Parent of Chong (充)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 462
Parent of Gun (袞)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 462

Kinship Role sons · Count 5
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 462

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Grand Preceptor 太師
AD 1141 皇統元年正月二日 · Held
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 3
Grand Preceptor, Director of the Three Departments, Prince of Liao 太師、領三省事、遼王
Held
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 326
Prince of Liao 遼王
AD 1179 十九年 · Demoted to
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 128
Emperor Mingsu 明肅皇帝
Held
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 126
遼王
Held
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 326
Emperor Mingsu 明肅皇帝
AD 1179 十九年 · Stripped
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 128

Places and affiliations

AD 1141 皇統元年正月二日
Polity Great Jin 大金 · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 3
Jin
Relation Affiliated with
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 19, passage 220
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Of
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 126

Works and attributed material

AD 1141 十日
Investiture text · Author · With Emperor (皇帝) · Direct quotation · Mode quoted-document Speaker Zonggan (宗幹)
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 6
AD 1141 皇統元年正月二日
Memorial · Author · With Emperor (皇帝) · Paraphrased
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 3

Events and relationships

Dared not refuse proposal
Political · Actor
Directly stated · History of Jin 19, passage 210
Led investiture rites
AD 1141 十日 · Ritual · Officiant · With Emperor (皇帝)
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 5
Led three petitions for honorific
AD 1141 皇統元年正月二日 · Ritual · Petitioner · With Emperor (皇帝)
Directly stated · History of Jin 36, passage 3
With Wanyan Gao urged Emperor Taizong to adopt Han bureaucratic forms
Institutional · With Wanyan Gao (完顏杲), Emperor Taizong of Jin (金太宗)
Directly stated · History of Jin 78, passage 177
Relation Respected · Person Han Qixian (韓企先)
Directly stated · History of Jin 78, passage 235

References in the histories

Search passages

History

13 passages

History of Jin, Chapter 19Volume 19 Annals 19: Ancenstral Records: Emperor Jingxuan Zongjun, Ruizong, Zongyao, Xianzong, Yungong · 5 passages

Open chapter

太祖崩，帝與兄宗幹率宗室群臣立太宗。 When Taizu died, the emperor with his elder brother Zonggan led the imperial clan and ministers to install Taizong.

以八月往陝西，或使宗弼遂將以行，或宗輔、宗幹、希尹中以一人往。」 In the eighth month march on Shaanxi—either Zongbi leads the whole way, or one of Zongfu, Zonggan, and Xiyin goes."

海陵雖貶黜為庶人，宗幹尚稱明肅皇帝，議者以為未盡，帝具表奏論。 Though Hailing had been reduced to commoner rank, Zonggan was still called Emperor Mingsu; critics said this went too far; the Heir memorialized at length on the matter.

於是宗幹削去帝號，降封遼王。 Zonggan then lost the imperial title and was demoted to Prince of Liao.

宗翰請立熙宗，宗幹不敢違，太宗不能拒，其義正，其理直矣。 Zonghan urged enthroning Xizong; Zonggan dared not refuse and Taizong could not reject — right in principle and just in grounds.

History of Jin, Chapter 36Volume 36 Treatises 17: Rites 9: Ceremonies for Succesion of the Throne; Ceremonies for Receiving Honorific Titles; New Year's Day Rituals; Participation in Regular Court Assemblies; Pardoning Ceremonies; Ceremonies for Pardoning by Officials With Imperial Decree · 2 passages

Open chapter

皇統元年正月二日，太師宗幹率百僚上表，請上皇帝尊號，凡三請，詔允。 On the second day of the first month of Huangtong 1, Grand Preceptor Zonggan led the entire court in a memorial asking that the emperor accept an honorific title. After three formal petitions, the throne assented.

十日，帝服袞冕禦元和殿，宗幹率百僚恭奉冊禮。 On the tenth day the emperor, robed in full ceremonial dress, took his seat in the Yuanhe Hall while Zonggan led the court in presenting the investiture ceremony.

History of Jin, Chapter 59Volume 59 Tables 1: Imperial Family · 2 passages

Open chapter

宗幹（太師、領三省事、遼王。） Zonggan (Grand Preceptor, Director of the Three Departments, Prince of Liao).

遼王宗幹子與海陵五人。 Listed at right: five sons of the Prince of Liao Zonggan, counting Hailing.

History of Jin, Chapter 69Volume 69 Biographies 7: Taizu Sons: Zong Jun Formerly Named Eluguan, Zong Jie Formerly Named Meiliye, Zong Qiang Formerly Named Alu, Son: Shuang (Formerly Named Alin) Kexi, a Suo, Zong Min Formerly Named Alubu, Yuan Formerly Named Changsheng · 2 passages

Open chapter

光懿皇后生遼王宗幹。 Empress Guangyi bore Prince Liao Zong Gan.

宗幹、宗望、宗弼自有傳。 Zong Gan, Zong Wang, and Zong Bi are treated in separate biographies.

History of Jin, Chapter 78Volume 78 Biographies 16: Liu Yanzong and His Sons E and Kuo; Kuo's Son Zhonghui; Liu Yi; Shi Liai; Han Qixian and His Son Duo · 2 passages

Open chapter

斜也、宗幹當國，勸太宗改女直舊制，用漢官制度。 Xieye and Zonggan held power and urged Taizong to replace Jurchen custom with Han bureaucratic institutions.

宗翰、宗幹雅敬重之，世稱賢相焉。 Zonghan and Zonggan deeply respected him, and his age called him a worthy chancellor.