Zhu Shouyin (朱守殷)

Overview

Zhu Shouyin was a rebel Holding Bianzhou.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Childhood name	Huier	會兒	Huier

Life and dates

Death

Suicide after killing clan
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 86

Attested activity

AD 908 天祐五年二月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passages 58-59
AD 926 令朱守殷以兵圍其第
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 209
AD 927 十月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66
AD 924 同光二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 92; Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 74
AD 926 同光四年正月庚辰
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 20
AD 926 to AD 930 天成中
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passages 14, 174

Show 12 more source-backed claims

AD 927 天成中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 170
AD 926 天成元年五月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 23
AD 926 to AD 930 天成初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 79
AD 925 戊戌
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 133
AD 927 明宗幸汴平朱守殷
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 66, passage 132
AD 927 明宗时
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 58
AD 926 to AD 933 明宗時破朱守殷
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 207
AD 927 朱守殷叛
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 106, passage 100
AD 926 殺友謙
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 85
AD 910 莊宗為行軍司馬時
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 69, passage 7
AD 926 莊宗遇弒
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 88
AD 923 龍德三年夏
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 34

Family

Kinship Role clan · Count 0 · Negated false · killed his entire clan before suicide
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 86

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Yanzhou military commissioner 兗州節度使
AD 925 戊戌 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 133
commander of the Long-Direct Guard 長直軍使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 67
Grand Councillor, Henan prefect, commander of six armies and guards 同平章事、河南尹、判六軍諸衛事
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 23
Metropolitan Governor of Henan 河南尹
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 79
military governor of Zhenwu 振武節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 74
Palace Attendant 侍中
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 79

Show 9 more source-backed claims

military commissioner of Bianzhou 汴州節度使
AD 927 十月 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66
Zhenwu military commissioner 振武節度使
AD 924 同光二年 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 92
commander of Twin Forts 守夾寨
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 34
Yanzhou military commissioner and acting Grand Preceptor 兗州節度使、檢校太傅
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 23
Zhenwu military commissioner 振武節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 133
military governor of Bian 汴州節度使
Transferred
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 79
Became
Rebel
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 106, passage 100
Entered
AD 927 十月 · Rebel
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66
corpse flogged and head displayed 鞭屍梟首
Suffered
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 88

Places and affiliations

Polity Jin 晉 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 58
Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 133; Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 20; Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 67; Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66
Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 209
At Bianzhou 汴州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66

Events and relationships

Defeated
Military · Defeated
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 207
Held Bianzhou
Rebellion · Rebel · At Bianzhou 汴州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 170
Informed of plot
Political · Summoned officer
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 58
Rebelled
AD 927 十月 · Military · Rebel · At Bianzhou 汴州
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66
Rebelled
Rebellion · Rebel · At Bianzhou 汴州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 106, passages 100-101
Rebelled
Rebellion · Leader
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 85

Show 8 more source-backed claims

Selected palace women
AD 926 莊宗遇弒 · Palace · Agent · Quantity more than thirty
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 88
Surrounded residence and executed
AD 926 同光四年正月庚辰 · Military · Commander · With Zhu Youqian (朱友謙)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 20
Surrounded residence and seized Jilin
AD 926 四年正月…是月二十三日 · Military · Enforcer · With Zhu Youqian (朱友謙)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 209
Transferred
AD 925 戊戌 · Appointment · Appointee · From Office Zhenwu military commissioner 振武節度使 · To Office Yanzhou military commissioner 兗州節度使
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 133
Rebellion · Leader · At Bianzhou 汴州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 58
Relation Client of · Person Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (後唐莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passages 66, 68
Relation Ally of · Person Jing Jin (景進)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 75
Relation Arrested · Person Zhu Youqian (朱友謙)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 209

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 133; Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 20; Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 170; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 209; Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 66; New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 34

References in the histories

Search passages

History

33 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 27Volume 27 Book of Later Tang 3: Zhuangzong Annals 1 · 1 passage

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因召吳珙、李存璋、李存敬、朱守殷諭其謀，眾鹹憤怒。 He called Wu Gong, Li Cunzhang, Li Cunjing, and Zhu Shouyin; all raged.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 31Volume 31 Book of Later Tang 7: Zhuangzong Annals 5 · 1 passage

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以蕃漢馬步都虞候兼東京馬步軍都指揮使、檢校太保朱守殷為振武節度使，加檢校太傅。 and Zhu Shouyin became Zhenwu commissioner and Grand Mentor.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 33Volume 33 Book of Later Tang 9: Zhuangzong Annals 7 · 1 passage

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戊戌，以振武節度使朱守殷為兗州節度使。 On wuxu Zhu Shouyin of Zhenwu became Yan commissioner.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 34Volume 34 Book of Later Tang 10: Zhuangzong Annals 8 · 1 passage

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是日，以河中節度使、守太師、兼尚書令、西平王李繼麟為滑州節度使，尋令朱守殷以兵圍其第，誅之，夷其族。 That day Li Jilin, military governor of Hezhong, acting Grand Mentor, concurrently Director of the Secretariat, and Prince of Xiping, was made military governor of Hua Prefecture. Soon Zhu Shouyin was ordered to surround his residence with troops, execute him, and exterminate his clan.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 36Volume 36 Book of Later Tang 12: Mingzong Annals 2 · 1 passage

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兗州節度使、檢校太傅朱守殷加同平章事，充河南尹，判六軍諸衛事； Zhu Shouyin of Yan, acting grand preceptor, became Grand Councillor, Henan prefect, and commander of the six armies and guards;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Book of Later Tang 30: Biographies 6: Wang Rong, Wang Zhaohui, Wang Chuzhi · 1 passage

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會朱守殷據汴州反，鎮州節度使王建立與安重誨不協，心懷怨嫉。 It happened that Zhu Shouyin held Bianzhou in rebellion. Wang Jianli, military governor of Zhenzhou, was at odds with An Chonghui and harbored resentment.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 63Volume 63 Book of Later Tang 39: Biographies 15: Zhang Quanyi, Zhu Youqian · 1 passage

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是夜，令朱守殷以兵圍其第，擒之，誅於徽安門外； That night Zhu Shouyin surrounded his residence with troops, seized him, and executed him outside the Hui'an Gate;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 66Volume 66 Book of Later Tang 42: Biographies 8: an Zhonghui, Zhu Hongzhao, Zhu Hongshi, Kang Yicheng, Yao Yanchou, Song Lingxun · 1 passage

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明宗幸汴，平朱守殷，改侍衛馬軍都指揮使，領江西節度使。 At Bian he pacified Zhu Shouyin and became Horse Army commander and Jiangxi commissioner.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 69Volume 69 Book of Later Tang 45: Biographies 21: Zhang Xian, Wang Zhengyan, Hu Zhuang, Cui Yisun, Meng Hu, Sun Yue, Zhang Yanlang, Liu Yanhao, Liu Yanlang · 1 passage

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莊宗為行軍司馬，廣延髦俊，素知憲名，令朱守殷齎書幣延之。 When Zhuangzong served as acting commander on campaign, he widely gathered eminent talents and, knowing Xian's reputation by name, had Zhu Shouyin bring letters and gifts to invite him.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 74Volume 74 Book of Later Tang 50: Biographies 126: Kang Yanxiao, Zhu Shouyin, Yang Li, Dou Tingwan, Zhang Qianzhao, Yang Yanwen · 12 passages

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朱守殷，小字會兒。 Zhu Shouyin, whose childhood name was Huier.

莊宗就學，以廝養之役給事左右。 While Zhuangzong was still a student, Shouyin served him as a groom in his household.

及莊宗即位，為長直軍使，雖列戎行，不聞戰攻。 When Zhuangzong became emperor, Shouyin was made commander of the Long-Direct Guard. He held military rank but was never known for seeing combat.

守殷守德勝寨，為梁將王彥章所攻，守殷無備，遂陷南寨。 Shouyin held Desheng Stockade when the Liang general Wang Yanzhang attacked. Caught unprepared, he lost the southern stockade.

明宗在鄆州，密請以覆軍之罪罪之，莊宗私於腹心，忍而不問。 Mingzong, then at Yan Prefecture, privately urged that Shouyin be punished for losing the army. Zhuangzong, speaking only with his closest confidants, let the matter pass.

及郭從謙犯興教門，步軍始亂，中使急召騎士，守殷按甲不進，莊宗獨領宦官斫射，屢退，而騎軍終不至。 When Guo Congqian stormed Xingjiao Gate the infantry broke first. Palace envoys urgently summoned the cavalry, but Shouyin held his men back. Zhuangzong fought on alone with his eunuchs, was driven back again and again, and the horsemen never came.

莊宗既崩，守殷擁眾方在北邙，憩於茂林之下。 When Zhuangzong died, Shouyin was camped with his troops on North Mang, resting in a wooded grove.

守殷乃生雲夢之疑，遂殺都校馬彥超、副使宋敬。 Shouyin grew suspicious — like the king of Chu who dreamed of Yunmeng — and killed the chief commander Ma Yanchao and the deputy Song Jing.

〈（《歐陽史》：守殷將叛，召都指揮使馬彥超與計事，彥超不從，守殷殺之。 (According to Ouyang Xiu's New History of the Five Dynasties: When Shouyin was plotting rebellion, he summoned the chief commander Ma Yanchao to consult him. Yanchao refused, and Shouyin killed him.

守殷驅市人閉壁以叛，明宗途次京水，聞之，親統禁軍，倍程直抵其壘，長圍夾攻，縋城甚眾。 Shouyin forced the townspeople to shut the gates and rebel. Mingzong was at Jingshui on the road; hearing the news, he led the palace guard himself, marched at double speed to the rebel stronghold, invested it on all sides, and many defenders fled down ropes from the walls.

守殷力屈，盡殺其族，引頸令左右盡其命。 When his strength gave out, Shouyin killed every member of his clan, bared his neck, and told his attendants to finish him.

詔鞭守殷屍，梟首懸於都市，滿七日，傳送洛陽。 An edict ordered Shouyin's corpse flogged and his head displayed in the marketplace. After seven days the head was sent on to Luoyang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 75Volume 75 Book of Later Jin 1: Gaozu Annals 1 · 1 passage

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車駕次京水，飛報汴州節度使朱守殷叛，明宗命帝董親軍倍道星行，信宿及浚城，一戰而拔之。 When the imperial carriage halted at Jingshui, urgent reports arrived that Zhu Shouyin, military commissioner of Bianzhou, had rebelled. Mingzong ordered the Emperor to lead the personal army by forced marches day and night. Within two nights he reached Xun city and took it in one battle.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 106Volume 106 Book of Later Jin 8: Biographies 3: Wang Zhou, Liu Shenjiao, Wu Hanqiu, Zhang Guan, Li Yin, Liu Zaiming, Ma Wan, Li Yancong, Guo Jin, Huang Fuli, Bai Zairong, Zhang Peng · 1 passage

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從幸汴州，至滎陽，聞朱守殷叛，用為前鋒。 He accompanied the emperor to Bianzhou and, when they reached Xingyang and heard that Zhu Shouyin had rebelled, was placed in the vanguard.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 14Volume 14: Taizu of Later Tang's Family · 2 passages

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莊宗遇弒，後宮散走，朱守殷入宮，選得三十餘人。 At the assassination the harem fled; Zhu Shouyin took thirty-odd women.

虢國夫人夏氏以嘗幸於莊宗，守殷不敢留。 Lady Xia of Guo, whom Zhuangzong had favored, Shouyin dared not keep.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 27Volume 27 Later Tang Biographies 7: Zhu Hongzhao, Liu Yanlang, Kang Sili, Kang Yicheng, Yao Yanchou · 1 passage

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從破朱守殷，遷侍衛親軍馬步軍都指揮使，領河陽三城節度使。 After the defeat of Zhu Shouyin, he became commander of the palace guard horse and foot and military governor of the Three Cities of Heyang.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 29Volume 29 Later Jin Biographies 9: Sang Weihan, Jing Yanguang, Wu Luan · 1 passage

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明宗时，朱守殷以汴州反，晋高祖为六军副使，主诛从守殷反者。 Under Mingzong, Zhu Shouyin rebelled at Bian. The Jin High Ancestor commanded punishment of the rebels.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies of Martyrs to Virtue 12: Wang Yanzhang · 1 passage

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是時莊宗在魏，以朱守殷守夾寨，聞彥章為招討使，驚曰：「彥章驍勇，吾嘗避其鋒，非守殷敵也。 Zhuangzong was at Wei; Zhu Shouyin held the Twin Forts. Hearing Yanzhang had command, he said in alarm: "Yanzhang is fierce—I have always dodged his spear. Shouyin cannot stand against him.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 33Volume 33 Biographies of Martyrs to Service 13: Zhang Yuande, Xia Luqi, Yao Hong, Wang Sitong, Zhang Jingda, Di Jinzong, Shen Bin, Wang Qing, Shi Yanchao, Sun Cheng · 4 passages

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不能立傳者五人：馬彥超附朱守殷傳，宋令詢、李遐、張彥卿、鄭昭業見於本紀而已。 Five men could not receive full biographies: Ma Yanchao is appended to Zhu Shouyin’s biography; Song Lingxun, Li Xia, Zhang Yanqing, and Zheng Zhaoye appear only in the annals.

天成中，朱守殷鎮汴州，辟為判官。 In the Tiancheng era Zhu Shouyin governed Bianzhou and made him administrative aide.

守殷反，伏誅，晟乃棄其妻子，亡命陳、宋之間。 When Shouyin rebelled and was executed, Cheng abandoned wife and children and fled between Chen and Song.

安重誨惡晟，以謂教守殷反者晟也，畫其像購之，不可得，遂族其家。 An Chonghui blamed him for teaching Shouyin rebellion, posted his likeness for reward, could not catch him, and exterminated his family.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 45Volume 45 Miscellaneous Biographies 25: Zhang Quanyi, Zhu Youqian, Yuan Xiangxian, Zhu Hanbin, Duan Ning, Liu Qi, Zhou Zhiyu, Lu Siduo · 1 passage

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莊宗惑之，乃徙友謙義成軍節度使，遣朱守殷夜以兵圍其館，驅友謙出徽安門外，殺之，復其姓名。 Zhuangzong wavered, moved him to Yicheng, and sent Zhu Shouyin at night to ring his lodge. They dragged him past Hui’an Gate and killed him, then took back his old name.