Ming · Grand Secretary

Zhang Juzheng 張居正

Attested AD 1567 - AD 1578

Passages: 6
Chapters: 4
Histories: 2

Overview

Zhang Juzheng was a Grand Secretary.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1572 張居正
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 445, passage 199
AD 1578 萬曆六年
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 143
AD 1578 萬曆六年以後
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 77, passages 143, 147
AD 1568 隆慶二年
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 154
AD 1567 隆慶元年
Directly stated · History of Ming 19, passage 9
AD 1572 隆慶六年五月己酉
Directly stated · History of Ming 19, passage 131

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Left Vice Minister of Personnel and Grand Secretary of the Eastern Pavilion 吏部左侍郎兼東閣大學士
AD 1567 隆慶元年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Ming 19, passage 9
Grand Secretary 大學士
AD 1578 萬曆六年 · Held
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 143
Grand Secretary 大學士
Held
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 154

Places and affiliations

Polity Ming 明 · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 143

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · With Longqing Emperor (帝)
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 154

Events and relationships

Encouraged quota inflation through verification zeal
AD 1578 萬曆六年 · Administrative · Policy author
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passages 147-149
Proposed empire wide land survey
AD 1578 萬曆六年 · Political · Proposer
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 143
Received deathbed charge
AD 1572 隆慶六年五月己酉 · Political · Recipient · With Zhu Zaihou (朱載垕)
Directly stated · History of Ming 19, passage 131
Relation Advisor to · Person Longqing Emperor (帝)
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 154
Relation Advisor of · Person Shenzong (神宗)
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 143

Assessments and attributes

Assessment valued comprehensive verification and treated inflated quotas somewhat as merit · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 147

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 143

References in the histories

History of Ming, Chapter 19Volume 19 Annals 19: Muzong · 2 passages

吏部侍郎陳以勤為禮部尚書兼文淵閣大學士，禮部侍郎張居正為吏部左侍郎兼東閣大學士，預機務。 Chen Yiqin, vice minister of personnel, was made minister of rites and also grand secretary of the Wenyuan Pavilion; Zhang Juzheng, vice minister of rites, was made left vice minister of personnel and also grand secretary of the Eastern Pavilion; both entered state deliberations.

己酉，大漸，召大學士高拱、張居正、高儀受顧命。 On jiyou his illness turned critical; Grand Secretaries Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng, and Gao Yi were summoned to receive his deathbed charge.

History of Ming, Chapter 57Volume 57 Treatises 33: Rites 11 · 1 passage

隆慶二年，大學士張居正言：「祖宗時有大閱禮，乞親臨校閱。」 In the second year of Longqing, Grand Secretary Zhang Juzheng said: "In the time of our ancestors there was a grand review rite; I beg Your Majesty to come in person to inspect and review."

History of Ming, Chapter 77Volume 77 Treatises 53: Finance and Economics 1 · 2 passages

萬曆六年，帝用大學士張居正議，天下田畝通行丈量，限三載竣事。 In 1578 Wanli adopted Zhang Juzheng's plan for empire-wide land surveys, to be completed within three years.

然居正尚綜核，頗以溢額為功。 Yet Zhang Juzheng's zeal for fiscal verification encouraged inflating reported acreage.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 445Volume 445 Biographies 232: Wu Kedu, Zhu Yixin, Tu Keshou, An Weijun, Wen Ti, Jiang Chunlin · 1 passage

窺竊神器之徒，姑置勿論，即功在社稷，如霍光、李德裕、張居正，亦以權寵太盛，傾覆相尋。 Those who stole the sacred vessel may be set aside; even those who served the altars of state, such as Huo Guang, Li Deyu, and Zhang Juzheng, because favor and power grew too great, downfall followed in turn.