Zhang Heng (張衡) | 24 Histories

Overview

Zhang Heng was an official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Jianping	建平	Jianping
Posthumous name	Loyal	忠

Life and dates

Death

AD 612 八年
Granted death at home · At home 家
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 259

Age

15
Reckoning Sui · Context went to the imperial academy
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 215

Attested activity

AD 561 to AD 618 ○張衡
Strongly inferred · Book of Sui 56, passage 210
AD 604 上大漸
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 36, passage 167
AD 612 八年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 56, passage 259
AD 600 to AD 604 及王為皇太子
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 56, passage 228
AD 561 to AD 578 周武帝
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 56, passages 214-219
AD 607 大業三年
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passages 230-238

Show 5 more source-backed claims

AD 608 明年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 56, passages 239-247
AD 609 明年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 56, passages 248-258
AD 604 煬帝嗣位
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 229
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 56, passages 221-227
AD 581 高祖受禪
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 220

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Guang (光)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 213
Child of Mother of Zhang Heng (張衡母)
mother 母 · maternal line
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 225
Descendant of Ni (嶷)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 212
Spouse of Concubine of Zhang Heng (衡妾)
concubine 妾
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 259
Parent of Zhang Xixuan (張希玄)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 263

Key source chapters

Career and standing

silver-gleaming grand master of the palace 銀青光祿大夫
AD 604 煬帝嗣位 · Advanced
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 229
right assistant to the heir apparent 右庶子
AD 600 to AD 604 及王為皇太子 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 228
grand master for the court 掌朝大夫
AD 561 to AD 578 周武帝 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 219
reader to the Prince of Han 漢王侍讀
AD 561 to AD 578 周武帝 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 217
censor-in-chief 御史大夫
AD 604 煬帝嗣位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 229
supervising attendant of the yellow gate 給事黃門侍郎
AD 604 煬帝嗣位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 229

Show 18 more source-backed claims

aide to the governor-general of Bingzhou 并州總管掾
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Appointed · At Bingzhou 并州
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 222
aide 掾
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Appointed · At Yangzhou 揚州
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 223
campaign commander 行軍總管
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 226
vice minister of the gate office 司門侍郎
AD 581 高祖受禪 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 220
governor of Yulin 榆林太守
AD 608 明年 · Demoted and posted · At Yulin 榆林
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 247
supervising attendant of the yellow gate 給事黃門侍郎
AD 600 to AD 604 及王為皇太子 · Held concurrently
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 228
senior clerk in the Bureau of Punishments 刑部曹郎
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 221
senior clerk in the Bureau of Revenue 度支曹郎
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 221
grand general 大將軍
AD 617 to AD 618 義寧中 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 262
administering director to the governor-general of Yangzhou 揚州總管司馬
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Recalled and appointed · At Yangzhou 揚州
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 225
kaifu 開府
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 227
posthumous title Loyal 諡曰忠
AD 617 to AD 618 義寧中 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 262
duke of Nanyang commandery 南陽郡公
AD 617 to AD 618 義寧中 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 262
Left office
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Mourning leave
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 225
Made
AD 609 明年 · Commoner
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 257
Arrested
AD 609 明年 · Fettered and nearly executed · At Jiangdu city 江都市 · Authority Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 257
Declared death not for his crime
AD 617 to AD 618 義寧中 · Posthumous rehabilitation
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 262
Degraded to commoner
AD 609 明年 · Released then stripped of rank
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 257

Places and affiliations

Polity Northern Zhou 周 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passages 216-217, 219
Polity Sui 隋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passages 220, 229, 259
At Henei 河內
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 211
AD 607 大業三年
At Henei 河內 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 231
AD 608 明年
At Yulin 榆林 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 247
AD 609 明年
At his fields 田裡 · Relation Exiled to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 257

Show 3 more source-backed claims

AD 609 明年
At Yulin 榆林 · Relation Returned to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 250
At Henei 河內 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 211
Organization his clan 宗族 · Relation Member of
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 231

Learning and skills

Studied
Institution Imperial Academy 太學
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 215

Works and attributed material

Three Rites 三禮
Relation Studied
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 218
AD 609 明年
Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Yang Xuangan (楊玄感) · Direct quotation · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Zhang Heng (張衡)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 255
AD 608 明年
Remonstrance · Speaker · Addressed to Emperor Yang (煬帝) · Direct quotation · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Zhang Heng (張衡)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 241
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 260

Events and relationships

Censorate failed to correct breaches
AD 608 明年 · Legal · Blamed · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 247
Cleared palace women from dying emperor
Political · Agent · With Emperor Yang of Sui (隋煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 36, passage 167
Devised plan to seize the succession
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Political · Planner · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 224
Firmly declined gifts
AD 607 大業三年 · Political · Recipient · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 236
Killed despite last words
Legal · Executed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passages 260-261
Memorialized for repeatedly reducing provisions
AD 609 明年 · Legal · Accused · With Wang Shichong (王世充)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 256

Show 14 more source-backed claims

Ordered to oversee Jiangdu Palace construction
AD 609 明年 · Labor · Supervisor · At Jiangdu Palace 江都宮
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 251
Prepare diagrams to enlarge Fenyang Palace
AD 608 明年 · Scholarly · Ordered with · With Ji Hongzheng (紀弘整) · At Fenyang Palace 汾陽宮
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 240
Prepared oxen and wine with his clan
AD 607 大業三年 · Ritual · Host · With Emperor Yang (煬帝) · At Henei 河內
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 231
Presented food distributed to court and guards
AD 607 大業三年 · Ritual · Host · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 237
Prostrated and offered wine for longevity
AD 607 大業三年 · Ritual · Host · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 234
Reported for resentment and slander
AD 612 八年 · Legal · Condemned · With Concubine of Zhang Heng (衡妾)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 259
Returned petition to palace supervisor
AD 609 明年 · Legal · Official who refused to hear case · At Jiangdu 江都
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 252
Seized the horse and remonstrated
AD 561 to AD 578 周武帝 · Political · Remonstrant · With Emperor Wu of Zhou (周武帝) · At hunt with the emperor's attendants
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 216
Supervised building Loufan city and had audience
AD 609 明年 · Labor · Supervisor · At Loufan 樓煩城
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 248
Suppressed
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中 · Military · Commander · With Li Yinglin (李英林) · At Xizhou 熙州 · Outcome Pacified · Force 50,000 infantry and cavalry 步騎五萬人
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 226
Urged reduction of corvee
AD 608 明年 · Political · Remonstrant · With Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 241
Relation Student of · Person Shen Chong (沈重) · Subject Three Rites 三禮
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 218
Relation Trusted subordinate of · Person Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passages 223-224
Relation Served · Person Prince of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 217

Assessments and attributes

Assessment because of old ties in the princely residence, enjoyed unmatched favor and became proud and self-important · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 238
Assessment cherished ambition and integrity and had an unyielding spirit from youth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 214
Assessment established his name through upright integrity · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 293
Assessment esteemed by his peers at the Imperial Academy · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 215
Assessment good beginning, failed to keep a fine ending · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 294
Assessment greatly trusted and honored by Emperor Yang · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 229

Show 15 more source-backed claims

Assessment summoned the source of disorder and was truly the head of power · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 298
had not grown thin; the emperor called him very plump and sleek
AD 609 明年 · Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 249
AD 561 to AD 578 周武帝
Item one horse 馬一匹 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 217
AD 561 to AD 578 周武帝
Item one suit of clothes 衣一襲 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 217
AD 607 大業三年
Item gold belt 金帶 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 235
AD 607 大業三年
Item one fine horse 良馬一匹 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 235
AD 607 大業三年
Item one set of imperial dining vessels 禦食器一具 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 235
AD 607 大業三年
Item one suit of clothes 衣一襲 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 235
AD 607 大業三年
Item six hundred bolts of silk 縑彩六百段 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 235
AD 607 大業三年
Item thirty qing of fields beside his residence 宅傍田三十頃 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 235
AD 608 明年
Item five hundred bolts of silk 絹五百匹 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 239
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中
Item 130 slaves and maidservants 奴婢一百三十口 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 227
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中
Item five hundred bolts of goods 物五百段 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 227
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中
Item gold, silver, and mixed livestock in matching measure 金銀雜畜稱是 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 227
AD 581 to AD 600 開皇中
Item three hundred bolts of goods 物三百段 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 56, passage 225