Zhang Cunjing (張存敬)

Overview

Zhang Cunjing was a Bian General under Zhu Wen.

PeriodSui and Tang

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Life and dates

Death

At Hezhong 河中
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 135

Attested activity

AD 913 乾化三年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 138
AD 896 乾寧三年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 120
AD 900 光化三年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 244
AD 899 光化二年夏四月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 121
AD 885 to AD 888 光啟中
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 16, passage 180
AD 907 to AD 918 史臣曰
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passages 176, 179

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AD 881 to AD 885 唐中和中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 113
AD 891 大順二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 117
AD 901 天復元年春
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 130
AD 901 張存敬軍奄至城下
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 61, passage 37
AD 901 收晉絳
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 183
AD 898 救魏破內黃
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 211
AD 888 文德元年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 16, passage 23
AD 907 to AD 923 梁
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142
AD 900 汴人入寇
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 133
AD 907 開平初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 137

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Zheng (晸)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passages 141-142
Parent of Zhang Renyuan (張仁願)
father 父
father 父 · paternal line
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142; Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 139
Parent of Renying (仁穎)
father 父 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passages 142, 152

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Liang general 梁將
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 61, passage 37
Right Cavalry commander 右騎都將
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 113
acting military governor and observation commissioner of Hezhong 河中節度觀察留後
AD 907 to AD 923 梁 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142
Central Secretariat Director 中書令
Posthumously granted through successive promotions
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142
Grand Tutor (posthumous) 太傅
AD 913 乾化三年 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 138
Grand Guardian (posthumous) 太保
AD 907 開平初 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 137

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frontier defender 藩後
Frontier lord · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 179

Places and affiliations

Later Liang 後梁
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 179
Polity Later Liang 梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 61, passage 37; Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142
Polity Name Later Liang · Relation Served or associated
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 111
At Qiao commandery 譙郡
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 111
At Hezhong 河中 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142

Works and attributed material

Liang History 梁書
Relation Subject of biography
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142

Events and relationships

Besieged Dingzhou
Military · Attacker · With Wang Chuzhi (王處直)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 133
Defeated Yan
AD 900 光化三年 · Military · Commander · With Liu Rengong (劉仁恭)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passages 123-124
merit of carrying the drum 提鼓之勞
Military · Participant · Had drum bearing merit
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 179
Routed the Yan army above the Yishui with Huaiying's assistance
AD 900 光化三年 · Military · Commander · At Yishui 易水
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 244
Suddenly reached the walls of Dingzhou
AD 901 張存敬軍奄至城下 · Military · Commander · At Dingzhou 定州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 61, passage 37
Took Hezhong
AD 901 天復元年春 · Military · Commander · With Wang Ke (王珂)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passages 130-132

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Relation Peer of · Person Kou Yanqing (寇彥卿)
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 179

Assessments and attributes

Assessment had drum-bearing merit and fittingly became a frontier lord · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 179

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 179; Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 133; Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 142

References in the histories

Search passages

History

21 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 16Volume 16 Book of Later Liang 16: Biographies 6: Ge Congzhou, Xie Yanzhang, He Zhen, Zhang Guiba, Zhang Guihou, Zhang Guibian · 4 passages

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李罕之引並人圍張全義於河陽，從周與丁會、張存敬、牛存節率兵赴援，大破並軍，殺蕃漢二萬人，解河陽之圍，以功表授檢校工部尚書。 He relieved Heyang from Li Hanzhi's Jin siege, killed twenty thousand, and became honorary Minister of Works.

乾寧元年三月，軍至新泰縣，朱瑾令都將張約、李胡椒率三千人來拒戰，師古遣從周、張存敬掩襲，生擒張約、李胡椒等都將數十人。 Qianning 1, month 3, he ambushed and captured Zhang Yue, Li Hujiao, and dozens of Yan officers at Xintai.

乃令張存敬、氏叔琮守其寨。 He left Zhang Cunjing and Shi Shuzong to hold camp.

光啟中，又佐張存敬與燕人戰於內黃，積前後功，表授檢校工部尚書。 In Guangqi he again aided Zhang Cunjing in fighting Yan men at Neihuang; accumulating former and later merit, he was memorialized as honorary Minister of Works.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 19Volume 19 Book of Later Liang 19: Biographies 9: Shi Shucong, Zhu Yougong, Wang Zhongshi, Zhu Zhen, Li Si'an, Deng Jiyun, Huang Wenjing, Hu Gui, Li Dang, Li Zhongyin, Fan Jushi · 2 passages

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佐葛從周伐鎮、定，從張存敬收晉、絳，皆有功，署為河中都虞候，榷鹽務。 He helped Ge Congzhou against Zhen and Ding and Zhang Cunjing against Jin and Jiang, winning merit each time; he was then made chief adjutant of Hezhong and put in charge of the salt monopoly.

幽州劉仁恭舉眾南下，寇魏郡北，居實與葛從周、張存敬率兵救魏，大破幽、滄之眾於內黃。 When Liu Rengong of Youzhou marched south and raided north of Wei, Jushi joined Ge Congzhou and Zhang Cunjing to relieve Wei and routed the You and Cang armies at Neihuang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 20Volume 20 Book of Later Liang 20: Biographies 10: Xie Tong, Si Maye, Liu Han, Wang Jinrao, Gao Shao, Ma Sixun, Zhang Cunjin, Kou Yanqing · 10 passages

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張存敬，譙郡人也。 Zhang Cunjin came from Qiao commandery.

光啟中，李罕之會晉軍圍張宗奭於盟津，太祖遣丁會、葛從周、存敬同往馳救。 In Guangqi, Li Hanzhi and the Jin besieged Zhang Zongshi at Mengjin; the Founder sent Ding Hui, Ge Congzhou, and Cunjin to relieve him.

存敬引騎軍先犯敵將，諸軍翼之，敵騎大敗，乃解河橋之圍。 Cunjin led the cavalry against the enemy commander while the rest flanked; the Jin horse were routed and the siege of He Bridge was broken.

太祖東征徐、兗，存敬屢有俘斬之功。 In the eastern campaigns against Xu and Yan, Cunjin took many prisoners and heads.

光化二年夏四月，幽、滄侵淩魏郡，復以存敬為都指揮使。 In the fourth month of summer, Guanghua 2, when You and Cang raided Wei, Cunjin was again made overall commander.

時幽州劉仁恭舉兵來援，存敬潛軍擊之於乾寧軍南老鴉堤。 When Liu Rengong of Youzhou marched to relieve the city, Cunjin ambushed him at Old Crow Embankment south of Qianning.

其年秋九月，引軍收鎮州，存敬勒眾涉滹沲河，師人鼓行而進，逢鎮之遊兵數千，因逐之，直入鎮之壅門，收鞍馬牛駝萬計。 In the ninth month he marched on Zhenzhou; Cunjin crossed the Hutuo at the drum, routed several thousand scouts, chased them through the barrier gate, and seized tens of thousands of animals.

天復元年春，太祖以河中節度使王珂與太原結親，憑恃驕恣，命存敬統大軍討之。 In spring of Tianfu 1 the Founder, angered that Wang Ke of Hezhong had married into Taiyuan and grown insolent, sent Cunjin with a great army against him.

太祖嘉之，乃以存敬為護國軍留後。 The Founder was pleased and made Cunjin acting commissioner of Huguo.

存敬有提鼓之勞，彥卿遇攀鱗之會，俱為藩後，亦其宜哉！ Cunjin had served at the drum; Yanqing caught the rise of the dragon; each became a frontier lord—as was only fitting!

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 23Volume 23 Book of Later Liang 23: Biographies 13: Liu Xun, He Gui, Kang Huaiying, Wang Jingren · 1 passage

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三年，從征河朔，佐張存敬敗燕軍於易水之上。 In year 3 he campaigned in Hebei and helped Zhang Cunjing rout the Yan army above the Yishui.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Book of Later Tang 30: Biographies 6: Wang Rong, Wang Zhaohui, Wang Chuzhi · 2 passages

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汴將張存敬攻城，梯衝雲合，處直登城呼曰：「敝邑於朝廷未嘗不忠，於藩鄰未嘗失禮，不虞君之涉吾地，何也？」 The Bian general Zhang Cunjing attacked the city with scaling ladders and battering rams massed like clouds. Chuzhi mounted the wall and called out, "Our humble district has never been disloyal to the court nor discourteous to neighboring prefectures. I did not expect Your Lordship to enter our land—why?"

溫許之，仍歸罪於孔目吏梁問，出絹十萬匹，牛酒以犒汴軍，存敬修盟而退； Wen agreed, blamed the clerk Liang Wen, offered one hundred thousand bolts of silk plus cattle and wine to reward the Bian army, and Cunjing renewed the covenant and withdrew;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 61Volume 61 Book of Later Tang 37: Biographies 13: An Jinquan, An Yuanxin, An Zhongba, Liu Xun, Zhang Jingxun, Liu Yancong, Yuan Jianfeng, Xifang Ye, Zhang Zunhui, Sun Zhang · 1 passage

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時梁軍攻河朔三鎮，奔命不暇，梁將張存敬軍奄至城下，既無宿備，郜懼，挈其族奔太原，元信從之； The Liang were pressing the three Hebei circuits and Gao had no time to prepare when Zhang Cunjing's army appeared before the walls. In fear Gao took his family to Taiyuan, and Yuanxin went with him.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 93Volume 93 Book of Later Jin 19: Biographies 8: Lu Zhi, Li Zhuanmei, Lu Zhan, Cui Zhuo, Xue Rong, Cao Guozhen, Zhang Renyuan, Zhao Xi, Li Xia, Yin Yuyu, Zheng Yunsou · 1 passage

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父存敬，梁河中節度觀察留後，累贈中書令，《梁書》有傳。 His father Cunjing was acting military governor and observation commissioner of Hezhong under Liang and was posthumously granted successive honors culminating in Central Secretariat Director; the Liang History contains his biography.