Zhang Boxing (張伯行)

Overview

Zhang Boxing was an official, Scholar, and Writer.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Xiaoxian	孝先	Xiaoxian
Posthumous name	Qingke	清恪	Qingke
Alternate name	Hermitage of Reverence	敬庵	Jing'an

Life and dates

Death

AD 1725 三年
Until Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: AD 1725
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 259

Age

75
AD 1725 三年 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 259

Attested activity

AD 1699 三十八年六月
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 189-190
AD 1725 三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 259
AD 1724 二年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 258
AD 1712 to AD 1713 五十一年後、五十二年前
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 264, passages 244-245, 248
AD 1713 五十二年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 241-242
AD 1711 五十年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 226-227

Show 12 more source-backed claims

AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 255-256
AD 1685 to AD 1725 列傳篇題
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 2
AD 1703 四十二年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 191-194, 197
AD 1706 四十五年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 198
AD 1709 四十八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 210
AD 1707 四十六年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 200, 204
AD 1706 to AD 1707 尋遷
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 199
AD 1685 康熙二十四年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 186-187
AD 1711 康熙五十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 278, passage 154
AD 1706 to AD 1722 康熙末
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 300, passage 153
AD 1662 to AD 1722 聖祖
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 263-265, 293
AD 1723 雍正元年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 257

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Father of Zhang Boxing (張伯行之父)
father 父
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 188
Parent of Zhang Shizai (師載)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 273, 275

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Minister of Rites 禮部尚書
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 257
provincial governor 巡撫
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 204, 210
acting granary vice minister 署倉場侍郎
AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前 · Acting
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 255
associate metropolitan examination examiner 會試副考官
AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 256
attendant of the Southern Study 直南書房
AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 255
chief examiner of the Shuntian provincial examination 順天鄉試正考官
AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 255

Show 26 more source-backed claims

Vice Minister of Revenue 戶部侍郎
AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 256
Jining Circuit commissioner in Shandong 山東濟寧道
AD 1703 四十二年 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 191
governor of Fujian 福建巡撫
AD 1707 四十六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 204
Grand Secretariat secretary 內閣中書
AD 1685 康熙二十四年 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 187
concurrent manager of coinage and granaries 兼管錢法、倉場
AD 1722 to AD 1723 入直南書房至雍正前 · Concurrent
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 256
governor 巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 300, passage 153
provincial governor 巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 278, passage 153
Jiangsu surveillance commissioner 江蘇按察使
AD 1706 to AD 1707 尋遷 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 199
Minister of Rites 禮部尚書
AD 1723 雍正元年 · Promoted · From Source Date: Text: 雍正元年 · Western Year: AD 1723
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 257
Jiangsu governor 江蘇巡撫
AD 1711 五十年 · Restored
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 240
Jiangsu governor 江蘇巡撫
Restored
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 264, passage 247
Jiangsu governor 江蘇巡撫
AD 1709 四十八年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 210
Secretariat drafter 中書科中書
Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 187
plaque reading Famed Minister of Ritual and Music 「禮樂名臣」榜
AD 1723 雍正元年 · Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 257
plaque Integrity, Kindness, and Spreading Merit 廉惠宣猷榜
AD 1707 四十六年 · Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 204
Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent 太子太保
AD 1725 三年 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 261
posthumous name Qingke 諡清恪
AD 1725 三年 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 261
attendant sacrifice in the Confucian temple 從祀文廟
AD 1875 to AD 1876 光緒初 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 262, 293
Returned home
Mourning
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 188
Accused of usurpation
Impeachment · Negated true
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 194, 197
Kept in office
Retained · Authority Kangxi Emperor (康熙帝)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 278, passage 184
proposed decapitation 論斬
Proposed against · Authority Zhang Penghe (張鵬翮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 254
proposed dismissal 應奪官
Proposed against · Authority Zhang Penghe (張鵬翮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 230
pardon 免其罪
Received · Authority Kangxi Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 254
dismissal 解任
AD 1713 五十二年 · Suffered
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 254
suspension from office 解任
AD 1711 五十年 · Suffered
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 229

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 2
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 264, passage 245; Draft History of Qing 265, passages 187, 257, 293
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 200
At Yifeng, Henan 河南儀封
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 186
AD 1724 二年
At Qufu 闕里 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 258
AD 1709 四十八年
At Jiangsu 江蘇 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 210

Show 6 more source-backed claims

AD 1707 四十六年
At Fujian 福建 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 204
AD 1706 to AD 1707 尋遷
At Jiangsu 江蘇 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 199
At Jining, Shandong 山東濟寧 · Relation Posted to · From Source Date: Text: 四十二年 · Western Year: AD 1703
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 191
At Southern Study 南書房 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 255
At southern suburbs 南郊 · Relation Resided
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 263
Organization Qingjian Academy 請見書院 · Relation Founded
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 188

Learning and skills

Subjects works of the Lian, Luo, Guan, and Min Confucian masters 濂、洛、關、閩諸大儒之書 · recited and copied for seven years
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 264
Subjects Elementary Learning, Reflections on Things at Hand, classified sayings of Cheng and Zhu 小學、近思錄，程、硃語類
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 263
Earned
AD 1685 康熙二十四年 · Credential Presented Scholar 進士
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 187
Earned
Credential Presented Scholar 進士
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 263
Belief Cheng-Zhu Confucianism 程硃之學 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 263, 296

Works and attributed material

Collected Works of the Zhengyi Hall 正誼堂文集
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 272
Continued Records 續錄
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 272
One Gain in Dwelling in Ji 居濟一得
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 272
Records of Hard Learning 困學錄
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 272
Zhengyi Hall Series 正誼堂叢書
Relation Compiler
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 207
Oral defense · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Kangxi Emperor (上) · Topic famine relief not usurpation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 194-196

Show 6 more source-backed claims

AD 1725 三年
Memorial · Author · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 260
Memorial · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 250-253
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 205-206, 213-214, 224, 227, 241
Speech · Addressee · Speaker Kangxi Emperor (上) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 202-203
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 263, 265, 267-268, 271
Speech · Subject · Speaker Kangxi Emperor (上) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 200

Events and relationships

Admitted to Confucian temple
AD 1875 to AD 1876 光緒初 · Ritual · Honoree · At Confucian temple 文廟
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 262
Among only three Qing ministers in Confucian temple
Ritual · Honoree
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 293
Appointed upright scholars without prior notice
Personnel · Patron
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 269
Asked Gali removed
Legal · Accuser · With Gali (噶禮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 228
Built studio and read
Scholarly · Student · At southern suburbs 南郊
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 263
Destroyed idols and installed Zhu Xi
Ritual · Actor · With Zhu Xi (朱熹) · At Fuzhou 福州
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 208

Show 31 more source-backed claims

Founded academy to teach orthodox learning
Education · Founder teacher · Organization Qingjian Academy 請見書院
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 188
Founded academy
Scholarly · Founder · At Aofeng Academy 鼇峰書院
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 207
Impeached for harboring
Legal · Accuser · With Mou Qinyuan (牟欽元)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 242
Impeached
Impeachment · Accuser · With Gali (噶禮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 278, passages 158-159
Mutual impeachment
Political · Participant · With Gali (噶禮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 264, passage 245
Not included in recommendations
AD 1707 四十六年 · Political · Omitted person
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 201
Ordered ransom of tonsured girls
Legal · Administrator
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 209
Ordered to capital
Political · Summoned person
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 254
Recited and copied for seven years
Scholarly · Student
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 264
Recruited people to seal breached dike
AD 1699 三十八年六月 · Disaster relief · Organizer · At Yifeng 儀封
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 189
Relieved famine
AD 1709 四十八年 · Administrative · Relief official · At Huai, Yang, and Xu 淮、揚、徐
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 210
Relieved Wenshang and Yanggu issuing granary grain
Famine relief · Relief official · At Wenshang and Yanggu 汶上、陽穀 · Quantity more than 22600 shi
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 193
Requested grain price relief
Administrative · Petitioner · At Fujian 福建
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 206
Requested sick leave refused
Political · Petitioner
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 218
Requested wasteland tax remission
Administrative · Petitioner · At Taiwan, Fengshan, and Zhuluo 台灣、鳳山、諸羅
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 205
Sacrificed
AD 1724 二年 · Ritual · Officiant · At Qufu, Shrine of the Sage 闕里崇聖祠
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 258
Shipped household money grain and made cotton coats
Famine relief · Relief official
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 192
Sought full prosecution
Legal · Prosecutor · With Yuanlong (元隆)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 244
Submitted final memorial
AD 1725 三年 · Political · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 260
Supervised Yellow River south bank dikes and Majiagang Dongba Gaojiayan works
Public works · Supervisor · At Yellow River south bank 黃河南岸
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 190
Tried bribery case
AD 1711 五十年 · Legal · Joint examiner · With Gali (噶禮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 227
AD 1707 四十六年
Political · Recommended person · With Kangxi Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 202
Relation Doctrinal follower of · Person Lu Longqi (隴其)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 296
Relation Protected by · Person Kangxi Emperor (聖祖)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 293-294
Relation Recommender of · Person Yu Zhengjian (余正健)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 241
Relation Patron of · Person Yu Dian (餘甸)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 300, passage 153
Relation At odds with · Person Gali (噶禮) · Mode speech Speaker Kangxi Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 214
Relation Opposed · Person Gali (噶禮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 225
Relation Subject of · Person Yongzheng Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 261
Relation Recommender of · Person Chen Bin (陳瑸)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 241
Relation Recommender of · Person Li Fajia (李發甲)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 241

Assessments and attributes

Assessment did not slight Wang Shouren · With Wang Shouren (王守仁) · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 296
Assessment exceptionally clean in office · Mode speech Speaker Kangxi Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 200
Assessment lived his learning in government; not to be ranked above or below Bin and Longqi · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 297
Assessment reputation for integrity; integrity finest in the realm · Mode ruler-judgment Speaker Kangxi Emperor (康熙帝)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 278, passages 153, 172
Assessment upright and clean in office · Mode speech Speaker Kangxi Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 232, 235
Assessment worked sincerely with former resenters without bitterness · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 270

Show 3 more source-backed claims

AD 1706 四十五年
Item plaque Spreading Blessings, Settling the Current 布澤安流榜 · Relation Bestowed
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 198
AD 1707 四十六年
Item plaque reading Integrity, Kindness, and Spreading Merit 廉惠宣猷榜 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 204
AD 1723 雍正元年
Item plaque reading Famed Minister of Ritual and Music 「禮樂名臣」榜 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 257

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passages 200, 259, 263
Value historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 2
Style · To Hermitage of Reverence 敬庵
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 265, passage 266

References in the histories

Search passages

History

61 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 264Volume 264 Biographies 51: Hao Weine, Ren Kepu, Liu Hongru, Liu Jian, Zhang Tingshu · 3 passages

Open chapter

江南總督噶禮、江蘇巡撫張伯行互訐，命尚書張鵬翮、總督赫壽按治，議奪伯行官。 Jiangnan governor-general Gali and Jiangsu governor Zhang Boxing impeached each other. ministers Zhang Penghe and Governor-General Heshou were ordered to investigate. Boxing's office was proposed for stripping.

疏下九卿，上特命奪噶禮官，伯行復任。 The memorial went to the Nine Ministers. the emperor specially ordered Gali stripped of office and Boxing restored.

廷樞使車四出，惟張伯行事出上裁，他皆稱指。 Tingshu sent investigating commissioners in all directions. only the Zhang Boxing affair was decided by the emperor's own judgment — the rest all followed instructions.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 265Volume 265 Biographies 52: Tang Bin, Lu Longqi, Zhang Boxing · 37 passages

Open chapter

湯斌孫之旭陸隴其張伯行 Tang Bin, his grandson Zhixu, Lu Longqi, and Zhang Boxing

張伯行，字孝先，河南儀封人。 Zhang Boxing, whose style was Xiaoxian, came from Yifeng in Henan.

儀封城北舊有堤，三十八年六月，大雨，潰，伯行募民囊土塞之。 An old dike north of Yifeng burst in the sixth month of 1699 after heavy rains; Boxing rallied the people to fill the breach with earth in sacks.

河道總督張鵬翮行河，疏薦堪理河務，命以原銜赴河工，督修黃河南岸堤二百餘裡及馬家港、東壩、高家堰諸工。 River Director Zhang Penghe, touring the waterways, recommended him for river work. Retaining his rank, Boxing was sent to supervise more than two hundred li of dikes on the south bank of the Yellow River and projects at Majiagang, Dongba, and Gaojiayan.

上命分道治賑，伯行賑汶上、陽穀二縣，發倉穀二萬二千六百石有奇。 The emperor ordered circuit-by-circuit relief; Boxing aided Wenshang and Yanggu, releasing more than 22,600 shi of grain from the granaries.

布政使責其專擅，即論劾，伯行曰：「有旨治賑，不得為專擅。 The provincial treasurer accused him of acting without authorization and impeached him. Boxing replied, "There was an edict to relieve famine. That is not usurpation.

四十六年，复南巡，至蘇州，諭從臣曰：「朕聞張伯行居官甚清，最不易得。」 In 1707, on another southern tour, the emperor reached Suzhou and told his attendants, "I have heard Zhang Boxing is exceptionally clean in office—the rarest of qualities."

時命所在督撫舉賢能官，伯行不與。 Governors were then ordered to recommend able officials, but Boxing was not among those recommended.

上見伯行曰：「朕久識汝，朕自舉之。 The emperor told him, "I have known you a long time. I will recommend you myself.

伯行疏請免台灣、鳳山、諸羅三縣荒賦。 Boxing asked remission of wasteland taxes for Taiwan, Fengshan, and Zhuluo.

俗多尼，鬻貧家女，髡之至千百，伯行命其家贖還擇偶，貧不能贖，官為出之。 Nuns commonly bought poor girls and tonsured them by the hundreds; Boxing ordered families to ransom their daughters and marry them off, paying from public funds when families could not.

陳鵬年以蘇州知府署布政使，議司庫虧三十四萬，分扣官俸役食抵補，伯行諮噶禮會題，不應。 Chen Pengnian, acting treasurer as Suzhou prefect, proposed covering a 340,000-tael deficit by docking salaries and ration payments. Boxing asked Gali to co-sign the memorial; Gali refused.

伯行疏上聞，上命鵬翮並按。 Boxing reported directly to the throne, and the emperor ordered Penghe to investigate as well.

別疏陳噶禮異議狀，上諭廷臣曰：「覽伯行此疏，知與噶禮不和。 In a separate memorial he described Gali's opposition. The emperor told the court, "This memorial shows Boxing and Gali are at odds.

伯行尋乞病，上不許。 Boxing soon asked to retire on grounds of illness, but the emperor refused.

伯行又疏奏各府州縣無著錢糧十萬八千，上命並予豁免。 Boxing also reported 108,000 taels in unallocated taxes across the province, and the emperor ordered them all remitted.

噶禮貪橫，伯行與之迕。 Gali was greedy and domineering, and Boxing stood against him.

伯行疏上其事，正考官左必蕃亦以實聞，命尚書張鵬翮、侍郎赫壽按治，伯行與噶禮會鞫，得舉人吳泌、程光奎通賄狀，詞連噶禮。 Boxing reported the scandal; chief examiner Zuo Bifan confirmed it. Ministers Zhang Penghe and Hesou were sent to investigate. At a joint hearing with Gali, evidence showed that degree holders Wu Mi and Cheng Guangkui had taken bribes, with testimony implicating Gali.

伯行請解噶禮任付嚴審，噶禮不自安，亦摭伯行七罪訐奏。 Boxing asked that Gali be removed and tried strictly. Uneasy, Gali countered with seven charges against Boxing.

噶禮交通事誣，伯行應奪官。 but declared Gali's involvement false and said Boxing should be dismissed.

上曰：「伯行居官清正，天下所知。 The emperor said, "Everyone knows Boxing is upright in office.

明日，召九卿等諭曰：「伯行居官清廉，噶禮操守朕不能信。 The next day he told the Nine Ministers, "Boxing is clean in office. I do not trust Gali's conduct.

若無伯行，則江南必受其朘削幾半矣。 Without Boxing, Jiangnan would have been drained of nearly half its wealth by Gali.

遂奪噶禮官，命伯行復任。 Gali was dismissed and Boxing restored.

五十二年，江蘇布政使缺員，伯行疏薦福建布政使李發甲、台灣道陳瑸、前祭酒余正健，上已以湖北按察使牟欽元擢任。 In 1713 the Jiangsu provincial treasurer post fell vacant. Boxing recommended Li Fajia, Chen Bin, and Yu Zhengjian, but the emperor had already appointed Mou Qinyuan from Hubei.

未幾，伯行劾欽元匿通海罪人張令濤署中，請逮治。 Soon afterward Boxing impeached Qinyuan for hiding Zhang Lingtao, a man implicated in maritime crime, in his offices and asked that he be arrested.

會部檄搜緝海賊鄭盡心餘黨，崇明水師捕漁船，其舟人福建產，冒華亭籍，驗船照為元隆所代領，伯行欲窮治。 When the ministry ordered a hunt for remnants of the pirate Zheng Jinxin's gang, Chongming naval forces seized a fishing boat whose crew were Fujian men posing as Huating natives. The license proved Yuanlong had obtained it for them, and Boxing sought a full prosecution.

噶禮前劾伯行，因摭其事為七罪之一。 Gali had made this case one of his seven charges against Boxing.

復命鵬翮及副都御史阿錫鼐按其事，鵬翮等奏元隆、令濤皆良民，請奪伯行官。 Penghe and Vice Censor-in-Chief A Xitai were sent next. They reported Yuanlong and Lingtao were honest men and asked that Boxing be dismissed.

上命復審，且命伯行自陳，伯行疏言：「元隆通賊，雖報身故，而金多黨眾，人人可以冒名，處處可以領照。 The emperor ordered a new inquiry and asked Boxing to defend himself. Boxing wrote, "Yuanlong colluded with pirates. Though reported dead, his wealth and network mean anyone can use his name and obtain licenses anywhere.

既命解任，鵬翮等仍以伯行誣陷良民、挾詐欺公，論斬，法司議如所擬，上免其罪，命伯行來京。 Though dismissed, Penghe still charged him with framing innocent men and deceiving the public, proposing execution. The judiciary agreed, but the emperor spared him and summoned him to the capital.

上軫悼，贈太子太保，諡清恪。 The emperor mourned him and posthumously made him Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent with the title Qingke.

伯行方成進士，歸構精舍於南郊，陳書數千卷縱觀之，及小學、近思錄，程、硃語類，曰：「入聖門庭在是矣。」 Fresh from the jinshi examination, Boxing built a study in the southern suburbs, spread out thousands of books, and upon reaching the Elementary Learning, Reflections on Things at Hand, and the classified sayings of Cheng and Zhu, declared, "The gate to sagehood is here."

因自號曰敬庵。 He took the style Hermitage of Reverence.

論曰：清世以名臣從祀孔子廟，斌、隴其、伯行三人而已，皆以外吏起家，蒙聖祖恩遇。 The historian remarks: In the Qing, only Bin, Longqi, and Boxing among renowned ministers were admitted to attendant sacrifice in the Confucian temple. All rose from provincial service and enjoyed the Kangxi Emperor's favor.

隴其官止御史，而廉能清正，民愛之如父母，與斌、伯行如一，其不為時所容而為聖祖所愛護也亦如一。 Longqi rose only to censor, yet the people loved him like parents, as they did Bin and Boxing. He too was ill tolerated by his peers yet protected by the Kangxi Emperor.

斌不薄王守仁，隴其篤守程、硃，斥守仁甚峻，而伯行繼之。 Bin did not dismiss Wang Yangming; Longqi held firmly to Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi and denounced Wang sharply; Boxing followed Longqi in that regard.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 278Volume 278 Biographies 65: Mu Tianyan, A Shan, Ga Li · 20 passages

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巡撫張伯行有廉聲，至則又與噶禮忤。 Governor Zhang Boxing had a reputation for integrity; when he arrived he clashed with Ga Li again.

五十年，伯行疏言本科江南鄉試取士不協輿論，正考官副都御史左必蕃亦檢舉同考官知縣王曰俞、方名所薦士有不通文字者。 In Kangxi 50 Boxing reported that the Jiangnan provincial examination selections did not match public opinion; chief examiner Vice Censor-in-Chief Zuo Bifan also reported that associate examiners Magistrates Wang Yueyu and Fang Ming had recommended candidates who could barely write.

上命尚書張鵬翮如揚州會噶禮及伯行察審。 The emperor sent Minister Zhang Penghe to Yangzhou to investigate with Ga Li and Boxing.

鵬翮至，會讞，既得副考官編修趙晉及曰俞、名諸交通狀，伯行欲窮其獄。 When Penghe arrived they held a joint hearing; once bribery by associate examiner Compiler Zhao Jin, Yueyu, Ming, and others was established, Boxing wanted to pursue the case fully.

伯行乃劾噶禮，謂輿論盛傳總督與監臨提調交通鬻舉人； Boxing then impeached Ga Li, saying public opinion held that the governor-general and supervising examiner had sold degrees through bribery;

噶禮亦劾伯行，謂：「方會讞時，臣正鞫囚，伯行謂臣言不當，臣恐爭論失體，緘口結舌。 Ga Li also impeached Boxing, saying: "During the hearing I was interrogating a prisoner when Boxing challenged my words; fearing an undignified quarrel, I held my tongue.

伯行遂陰謀誣陷，以鬻舉人得銀五十萬汙臣，臣不能與俱生。」 Boxing then plotted to frame me, charging that I sold degrees for five hundred thousand taels; I cannot share the world with such a man."

因及伯行專事著書，猜忌糊塗，不能清理案牘。 He also charged that Boxing devoted himself to books, was suspicious and muddled, and could not manage his paperwork.

時方有戴名世之獄，又言：「南山集刻板在蘇州印行，伯行豈得不知？ At the time of the Dai Mingshi case, he added: "The woodblocks of Nanshan Ji were printed in Suzhou—could Boxing not have known?

進士方苞以作序連坐，伯行夙與友，不肯捕治。」 Jinshi Fang Bao was implicated for writing a preface; Boxing had long been his friend and refused to arrest him."

並羅列伯行不職數事。 He also listed several counts of Boxing's dereliction of duty.

噶禮劾伯行不能清理案牘事實，餘皆督撫會銜題諮舊事，苞為伯行逮送刑部，南山集刻板在江寧，皆免議； Ga Li's charge that Boxing could not manage paperwork was upheld; the rest were old joint reports by governors; Bao was sent to the Board of Punishments; the Nanshan Ji blocks were in Jiangning—all were dropped;

伯行妄奏噶禮鬻舉人，當奪職。 Boxing was to be dismissed for falsely charging Ga Li with selling degrees.

上諭曰：「噶禮才有餘，治事敏練，而性喜生事，屢疏劾伯行。 The emperor said: "Ga Li is talented and efficient, but he loves to stir trouble and has repeatedly impeached Boxing.

朕以伯行操守為天下第一，手批不淮。 I consider Boxing's integrity the finest in the realm and have personally rejected those memorials.

若無張伯行，江南必受其朘削且半矣。 without Zhang Boxing, Jiangnan would have been drained of at least half its wealth.

九卿等議噶禮與伯行同任封疆，互劾失大臣禮，皆奪職； The Nine Ministers ruled that Ga Li and Boxing, sharing frontier responsibility, had violated ministerial decorum in mutual impeachment and both should be dismissed;

上命留伯行任，噶禮如議奪職。 the emperor kept Boxing in office and dismissed Ga Li as recommended.

伯行與噶禮互劾，再讞不得直。 Boxing and Ga Li impeached each other; twice reheard, justice was not done.

幸賴聖祖仁明，隴其復起，鵬年致大用，伯行亦終獲全。 Fortunately the Sage Ancestor was benevolent and clear-sighted: Longqi was restored, Pengnian rose to high office, and Boxing ultimately survived unscathed.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 300Volume 300 Biographies 87: Chen Qi Yuan, He Shijian, Tang Jizu, Ma Weihan, Yu Dian, Wang Yezi, Liu Erwei · 1 passage

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居鄉勵名節，巡撫張伯行重之，延主鼇峰書院。 At home he cultivated reputation and integrity. Governor Zhang Boxing valued him and invited him to head the Aofeng Academy.