Wang Jinghong (王敬弘)

Overview

Wang Jinghong was an official and Recluse.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Duke Wen Zhen	文貞公	Wénzhēn gōng
Nickname	Wang of the Eastern Hills	王東山	Wáng Dōngshān
Epithet	the eight formations of tanqi	彈棊八勢

Life and dates

Death

AD 447 明年
At Sheting Mountain in Yuhang 餘杭之舍亭山
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 68

Age

88
AD 447 明年 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 68
years approach ninety
AD 446 二十三年
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 66

Attested activity

AD 424 太祖即位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 36
AD 435 十二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passages 47-48, 55-56
AD 439 十六年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passages 57, 61
AD 446 二十三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 62
AD 447 明年
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 68
AD 426 元嘉三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 37

Show 11 more source-backed claims

AD 429 六年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passages 37, 43
AD 424 to AD 447 太祖
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passages 78, 87
AD 418 宋國初建
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 30
AD 398 to AD 404 桓玄謂之
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passage 76
AD 422 永初三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 32
AD 403 to AD 404 玄輔政及篡位，屢召不下
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 19
AD 399 to AD 404 起家本國左常侍；為天門太守；玄時為荊州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passages 8, 10, 12
AD 402 to AD 403 轉桓偉安西長史
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passage 17
AD 410 to AD 412 高祖以為…道規諮議參軍
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passage 20
AD 420 高祖受命
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 31
AD 415 高祖西討司馬休之
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 28

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Wang Maozhi (王茂之)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 7
Ancestor of Wang Yanzhi (王延之)
grandson 孫 · paternal line · 2 generations · Through Wang Shengzhi (王昇之)
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passages 88, 94
Descendant of Wang Huzhi (王胡之)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations · Through Wang Maozhi (王茂之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 6
Descendant of Wang Yi (王廙)
great-grandfather 曾祖 · paternal line · 3 generations · Through Wang Huzhi (王胡之), Wang Maozhi (王茂之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 5
Parent of Daughter of Wang Jinghong (敬弘女)
daughter 女
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 81
Parent of Wang Shengzhi (王昇之)
son 子
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passages 84, 93
Parent of Wang Zanzhi (王瓚之)
son 子
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passages 84, 92
Parent of Wang Huizhi (王恢之)
son 子
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 84
Spouse of Wife of Wang Jinghong (王敬弘妻)
wife 妻
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 11

Kinship Role household dependents · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 23
Kinship Role sons and grandsons · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 88

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Lineage Wang of Langye 琅邪王氏
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 66, passage 3

Career and standing

farmer 躬耕
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 62
Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry 散騎常侍
AD 420 高祖受命 · Added
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 31
Attendant Gentleman of the Household Cavalry 車騎從事中郎
Appointed · Authority Emperor Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 20
Grand Master of the Palace with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon 金紫光祿大夫
AD 424 太祖即位 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 36
Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry 散騎常侍
AD 424 太祖即位 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 36
Left Grand Master of the Palace 左光祿大夫
AD 439 十六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 57

Show 46 more source-backed claims

Vice Director of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書僕射
AD 426 元嘉三年 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 37
Minister of Revenue 度支尚書
AD 418 宋國初建 · Appointed · Polity Id liu-song
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 30
Commandant of the Xuanxun Guard 宣訓衛尉
AD 420 高祖受命 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 31
Administrator of Tianmen 天門太守
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 10
Administrator of Wuxing 吳興太守
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 25
Advisory Army Aide to the General Who Conquers the West 征西將軍諮議參軍
Appointed · With Liu Daogui (劉道規)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 20
Army Aide to the Guard General 衛軍參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 8
Attendant Gentleman of the Secretariat 中書侍郎
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 23
Attendant of the Grand Marshal 太尉從事中郎
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 25
Left Attendant of his native commandery 本國左常侍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 8
Left Grand Master of the Palace 左光祿大夫
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 44
Registrar of Xuzhou 徐州治中從事史
Appointed · At Xuzhou 徐州
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 20
Tutor to the Prince of Jiangxia 江夏王師
AD 424 太祖即位 · Concurrent · With Prince of Jiangxia (江夏王)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 36
Junior Tutor of the Heir Apparent 太子少傅
AD 435 十二年 · Declined · Negated true
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 55
Left Grand Master of the Palace with office equal to the Three Excellencies 左光祿大夫、開府儀同三司
AD 439 十六年 · Declined · Negated true
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 61
the former appointment 前命
AD 446 二十三年 · Declined · Negated true
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 61-62, 68
Director of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書令
AD 429 六年 · Declined
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 43
Attendant Gentleman at the Yellow Gate 黃門侍郎
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 24
Chief Rectifier of his native province 本州中正
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 35
Director of the Secretariat 祕書監
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 35
Grand Master of the Palace with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon 金紫光祿大夫
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 35
Palace Attendant 侍中
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 45
Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry 散騎常侍
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 34-35
Tutor to the Prince of Luling 廬陵王師
Declined · With Prince of Luling (廬陵王)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 34
Administrator of Nanping 南平太守
Held
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 17
his former office 本官
AD 447 明年 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 69
Minister of Ceremonies 太常
AD 418 宋國初建 · Promoted
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 30
Palace Attendant 侍中
Reassigned
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 44
Palace Attendant 侍中
Recalled
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 27
the former appointment 前命
AD 446 二十三年 · Renewed
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 62
Palace Attendant 侍中
AD 439 十六年 · Retained
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 57
Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry 常侍
AD 422 永初三年 · Retained
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 32
Junior Tutor of the Heir Apparent 太子少傅
AD 435 十二年 · Summoned
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 47-48
Minister of the Civil Service 吏部尚書
AD 422 永初三年 · Transferred
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 32
Chief Clerk on the Anxi staff 安西長史
Transferred · With Huan Wei (桓偉)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 17
Special Advancement 特進
Declined
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 45
office equal to the Three Excellencies 開府儀同三司
AD 439 十六年 · Granted
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 57
Special Advancement 特進
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 44
Duke Wen Zhen 文貞公
AD 478 順帝昇明二年 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 74-75
Entered
Restored to office
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 29
Left office
Resigned
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 18
Lived as
Recluse
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 51, 62, 72
Refused to come down
Retirement
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 19
reported by the supervisory office for a breach of etiquette while drunk 為外司所白
Accused
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 22
dismissal from office 免官
Dismissed · Authority Emperor Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 28
amnesty restoring office 赦復官
AD 415 未及釋朝服，值赦復官 · Restored
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 29

Places and affiliations

AD 418 宋國初建
Polity Id liu-song · Relation Served
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 30
Polity Jin 晉 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 8, 10
Polity Id liu-song · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Liang 37, passage 94; Book of Song 66, passages 47, 64
At Linyi in Langye 琅邪臨沂
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 3
AD 435 十二年
At east 東 · Relation Returned to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 56
AD 435 十二年
At eastern countryside 東荒 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 49

Show 17 more source-backed claims

AD 435 十二年
At the capital 京師 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 48
AD 439 十六年
At east 東 · Relation Returned to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 61
AD 439 十六年
At the capital 京師 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 57
AD 446 二十三年
At southern Li 南澧 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 62
AD 447 明年
At Sheting Mountain in Yuhang 餘杭之舍亭山 · Relation Died at
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 68
At Baling 巴陵 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 13
At Jing 荊 · Relation Drawn from
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 63
At Nanping 南平 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 17
At outskirts of Zuotang County 作唐縣界 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 18
At Sheting Mountain 舍亭山 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 77
At the capital 京邑 · Relation Returned to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 23
At the east 東 · Relation Returned to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 46
At Tianmen 天門 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 10
At Wuxing 吳興 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 25
At Yuhang County 餘杭縣 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 26
At Zuotang 作唐 · Relation Departed from
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 23
refused to live as a dependent son-in-law of the Huans
Organization Huan clan 桓氏 · Relation Affinal · Negated true
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 13

Works and attributed material

Memorial · Author · Addressed to Emperor Taizu (太祖) · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 43
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 41
AD 435 十二年
Memorial · Author · With Emperor Taizu (太祖) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 48-54
AD 439 十六年
Memorial · Author · With Emperor Taizu (太祖) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 57-60
AD 446 二十三年
Memorial · Author · With Emperor Taizu (太祖) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 62-67
Letter · Author · With Wang Huizhi (王恢之) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 84-86

Show 4 more source-backed claims

Speech · Speaker · With He Shangzhi (何尚之) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 82
Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Taizu (太祖) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 78
declared himself without virtue and unfit to instruct a prince
Speech · Speaker · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 34
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 13

Events and relationships

Appointed left grand master and kaifu
AD 439 十六年 · Political · Appointee
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 57
Asked about gains and losses of government
Political · Advisor · With Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 78
Asked retainers cut by half request denied
Political · Petitioner
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 45
Asked to return east
AD 429 六年 · Political · Petitioner · With Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 43
Barred shangzhi from the study
Personal · Host · With He Shangzhi (何尚之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 82-83
Did not fetch wife for a year
Personal · Agent · With Wife of Wang Jinghong (王敬弘妻)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 15

Show 29 more source-backed claims

Did not read paperwork under his charge
Administrative · Official
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 38
Drank until drunk and breached etiquette
Personal · Participant · With Liu Daogui (劉道規)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 22
Forced himself to see the ill emperor
AD 435 十二年 · Personal · Visitor · With Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 56
Former appointment renewed
AD 446 二十三年 · Political · Appointee
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 62
Nicknamed by huan xuan
Personal · Subject · With Huan Xuan (桓玄)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 76
Posthumous title determined
AD 478 順帝昇明二年 · Ritual · Honoree
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 74-75
Refused and returned east
AD 439 十六年 · Political · Decliner
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 61
Refused repeated summons
AD 403 to AD 404 玄輔政及篡位，屢召不下 · Political · Invitee · With Huan Xuan (桓玄)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 19
Refused to visit as dependent son in law
Personal · Agent · With Huan Xuan (桓玄) · At Baling 巴陵
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 13
Roamed at will in mountain commandery
Personal · Agent · At Tianmen 天門
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 16
Sat in on hearing and gave no answer
Legal · Participant · With Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 39
Saw sons and grandsons at most once or twice a year
Personal · Father
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 88
Seen off by emperor
Ritual · Honoree · With Emperor Taizu (太祖) · At Ye Pavilion 冶亭
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 46
Sent ill clerk back to capital alone by boat
Personal · Agent · With Pan Shang (潘尚)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 28
Sent to comfort the army
AD 415 高祖西討司馬休之 · Diplomatic · Envoy · With Emperor Gaozu (高祖)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 66, passage 28
Sent wife by separate boat
Personal · Agent · With Wife of Wang Jinghong (王敬弘妻) · At Jiangling 江陵
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 14
Set out for post
Travel · Traveler · At Tianmen 天門 · With Huan Xuan (桓玄)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 12
Sought fengchaoqing for son
Political · Intercessor · With Wang Huizhi (王恢之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 84, 87
Summoned as junior tutor
AD 435 十二年 · Political · Appointee
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 47
Visited he household to see daughter
Personal · Visitor · With Daughter of Wang Jinghong (敬弘女)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 81
Went to capital and declined
AD 435 十二年 · Political · Petitioner
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 48, 55
Relation Subordinate of · Person Liu Daogui (劉道規)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 20
Relation Father in law of · Person He Shuzhi (何述之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 81
Relation Declined to be tutor of · Person Prince of Luling (廬陵王)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 34
Relation In law of · Person He Shangzhi (何尚之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 81-82
Relation Subordinate of · Person Huan Wei (桓偉)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 17
Relation Protege of · Person the late emperor (先帝)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 63
Relation Subject of · Person Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passages 48, 78
Relation Tutor of · Person Prince of Jiangxia (江夏王)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 36

Assessments and attributes

Assessment Emperor Taizu praised his wish to place his son where there was no competition · Mode named-source-report Speaker Emperor Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 87
Assessment held rank lightly, mind beyond the dust, stirred custom and purified the age · Mode named-source-report Speaker Emperor Shun (順帝)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 72
Assessment pure and lofty character from youth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 8
Assessment slight virtue unfit for the Eastern Palace · Mode self-report Source Person Id Wang Jinghong (王敬弘)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 50
Assessment spirit unassuming and plain, vision lofty; virtue reached the gate-towers and the Way enriched hill and garden · Mode named-source-report Speaker Emperor Shun (順帝)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 71
Assessment the emperor prized his words · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 79

Show 6 more source-backed claims

Assessment Whenever appointed he dutifully accepted, then soon resigned; Gaozu admired this resolve and did not press him. · Assessor Person Id Emperor Gaozu (高祖) · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 33
Quiet by nature; he loved mountains and rivers.
Character
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 9
ill in the eastern countryside
Illness
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 49
short in stature, yet perfectly upright in sitting and rising
Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 76
Item blue-patterned trousers and jackets, five cords and five braids, vermilion powder 五絛五辮、青紋袴襦、朱粉 · Relation Used by attendants
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 80
Item twenty personal retainers 親信二十人 · Relation Bestowed · Quantity 20
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 44

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Liang 37, passage 94; Book of Song 66, passages 3, 48, 68
His given name matched the founding emperor's taboo name, so he was called by his courtesy name.
Related Person Id Emperor Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 4
always kept at his side two old maidservants
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 80
men of the time called him Wang of the Eastern Hills because forests and streams surrounded Sheting Mountain
Directly stated · Book of Song 66, passage 77