Overview
Tolui was an Imperial Prince and Father of Möngke.
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Posthumous name | Emperor Jingxiang | 景襄皇帝 | |
| Temple name | Ruizong | 睿宗 | Ruìzōng |
Life and dates
Death
- AD 1232 六月At Alaqadesi 阿剌合的思之地 · fell ill and died 遇疾而薨Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 61
- AD 1232 及睿宗薨Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 8
- AD 1232 四年壬辰九月Directly stated · History of Yuan 2, passage 44
Age
- 40Reckoning Sui · Statement aged forty- 壽四十有 · Incomplete true · manuscript lacuna after 四十有Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 61-62
Attested activity
- AD 1209 歲戊辰，十二月三日Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passages 1, 3
- AD 1231 辛卯春Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 9-10, 13
- AD 1230 明年庚寅秋Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 7-8
- AD 1232 五月Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 58, 60
- AD 1229 元年己丑Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 2, passage 197
- AD 1232 六月Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 59, 61
Show 11 more source-backed claims
- AD 1231 十二月丙子Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 32, 34
- AD 1232 及睿宗薨Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 8
- AD 1232 四年壬辰九月Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 2, passage 44
- AD 1232 四月Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 57
- AD 1232 壬辰春Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 40, 46
- AD 1231 拖雷總右軍Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 24, 26-31
- AD 1227 方太祖崩時Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 3
- AD 1227 to AD 1229 方太祖崩時至太宗還京Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 3-5
- AD 1200 to AD 1232 睿宗Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 109, passages 12-13
- AD 1206 to AD 1232 睿宗Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 118, passage 162
- AD 1227 to AD 1232 睿宗Directly stated · History of Yuan 118, passage 110
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Spouse of Sorghaghtani Beki (唆魯禾帖尼)consort 妃
mother of his eldest son 母 · MarriageSources vary in certainty · History of Yuan 115, passage 64; History of Yuan 3, passages 1-2 - Spouse of Sorghaghtani Beki (唆魯和帖尼)consort 妃子
empress 皇后 · Primary marriageSources vary in certainty · History of Yuan 106, passage 39; History of Yuan 116, passage 2 - Parent of Yesubuhua (也速不花)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Yuan 118, passage 162
- Parent of Princess Dumugan (獨木幹公主)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Yuan 118, passage 110
- Parent of Dumugan (獨木干)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Yuan 109, passage 12
- Parent of Yesubuhua (也速不花)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Yuan 109, passage 13
- Parent of Xianzong (憲宗)eldest son 長 · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 65
- Parent of Möngke (蒙哥)sons 生子
eldest son 長子 · paternal line
imperial nephew 皇侄Sources vary in certainty · History of Yuan 116, passage 2; History of Yuan 3, passage 1; History of Yuan 2, passages 12, 88 - Parent of Shizu (世祖)fourth son 次四 · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 65
- Child of Empress Guangxian (光獻皇后)Guangxian 光獻Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 116, passage 11
- Sibling of Ögedei (窩闊台)imperial brother 皇弟 · Full siblingsDirectly stated · History of Yuan 2, passages 12, 197
- Child of Mother of Toluimother 母 · maternal lineStrongly inferred · History of Yuan 115, passage 2
- Parent of Bočuo (撥綽)son by a concubine 庶子Directly stated · History of Yuan 117, passage 48
- Child of Taizu (太祖)son 子 · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 2
- Parent of Emperor Shizu (世祖)sons 生子Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 116, passage 2
- Sibling of Taizong (太宗)uterine younger brother 母弟 · Full siblings · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 2
- Kinship Role sons · Count 11Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 65
Key source chapters
- History of Yuan, Chapter 115 Volume 115 Biographies 2: Ruizong, Yuzong, Xianzong, Shunzong 25 passages
- History of Yuan, Chapter 2 Volume 2 Annals 2: Taizong, Dingzong 7 passages
- History of Yuan, Chapter 116 Volume 116 Biographies 3: Empresses and Consorts 2 3 passages
- History of Yuan, Chapter 3 Volume 3 Annals 3: Xianzong 2 passages
- History of Yuan, Chapter 109 Volume 109 Tables 4: Princesses 2 passages
Origins and identity
- Line paternal · Ancestor Person Id Taizu (太祖)Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 2
Career and standing
- Emperor Jingxiang 景襄皇帝AD 1265 至元二年 · Posthumous title changedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 68
- Emperor Yingwu 英武皇帝AD 1251 憲宗立 · Posthumously grantedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 66
- Emperor Jingxiang 景襄皇帝Posthumously honoredDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 2
- Ruizong 睿宗Posthumously honoredDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 1-2
- Ruizong 睿宗AD 1251 憲宗立 · Temple name grantedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 66
Places and affiliations
- Polity Mongol Empire 大蒙古國 · Relation Member ofDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 2, 7
- Polity Mongol Empire 蒙古 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 32, 43
- Polity Id yuan · Relation Associated withStrongly inferred · History of Yuan 106, passage 35; History of Yuan 109, passages 12-13
- Polity Id yuan · Relation Associated withDirectly stated · History of Yuan 116, passage 2
- AD 1230 明年庚寅秋At Fengxiang 鳳翔 · Relation Campaigned atDated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passages 7, 24
- AD 1232 六月At Alaqadesi 阿剌合的思 · Relation Died atDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 61
Show 10 more source-backed claims
- AD 1231 十二月丙子At Yushan 禹山 · Relation Fought atDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 34
- AD 1232 四月At Guanshan 官山 · Relation Summered atDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 57
- AD 1232 四月At Zhending 真定 · Relation EnteredDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 57
- AD 1232 四月At Zhongdu 中都 · Relation Passed throughDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 57
- AD 1232 壬辰春At Sanfeng Mountain 三峰山 · Relation Fought atDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 46
- At Dengzhou 鄧州 · Relation AttackedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 35
- At Han River 漢 · Relation CrossedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 32
- At Henan 河南 · Relation SecuredDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 56
- At Junzhou 鈞州 · Relation CapturedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 55
- At Xuzhou 許州 · Relation CapturedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 56
Works and attributed material
- AD 1231 辛卯春Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 13
- AD 1231 拖雷大怒曰Speech · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 27
- Do not let them rest; beat the drums through the night to harass them. 毋令彼得休息，宜夜鼓以擾之。Order · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 42
- 機不可失，彼脫入城，未易圖也。況大敵在前，敢以遺君父乎！Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 44-45
- 臣何功之有，此天之威，皇帝之福也。Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 53
Events and relationships
- Accompanied campaignDated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 7
- Agreed rendezvousAD 1232 期以明年春 · Military · Commander · At Bianjing 汴Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 25
- Assumed state affairsAD 1227 方太祖崩時 · Political · RegentDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 3
- Attacked cityDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 35
- Attacked Song and raidedAD 1231 乃分兵攻宋諸城堡 · Military · Commander · Places Hanzhong 漢中, Sichuan 四川, Langzhou 閬州, Nanbu 南部 · Counterpart Polity: Song 宋Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 28
- AttackedDated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 7
Show 27 more source-backed claims
- Captured citiesAD 1231 辛卯春 · Military · Commander · Places Luoyang 洛陽, Hezhong 河中Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 9
- Captured city and HedaDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 55
- CapturedAD 1230 明年庚寅秋 · Military · Commander · At Pucheng County 蒲城縣Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 7
- Crossed Han and advancedMilitary · Commander · Counterpart Jin 金 · At west of Dengzhou 鄧州之西Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 32-33
- Crossed Han RiverAD 1231 乘騎浮渡漢水 · Military · Commander · At Han River 漢水Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 30
- Defeated Jin at Sanfeng, captured Pu'aDirectly stated · History of Yuan 2, passage 34
- Defeated fleeing troopsMilitary · Commander · At Suizhou 睢州Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 47
- Defeated Jin armyMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 39
- Drank shaman purification waterDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 60
- Endorsed and reported planDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 18
- FoughtAD 1231 十二月丙子 · Military · Commander · At Yushan 禹山 · Outcome Feigned retreat Jin unmovedDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 34
- Led right armyAD 1231 拖雷總右軍 · Military · Commander · Route Fengxiang–Wei–Baoji–Lesser Tong Pass–Song–Han River 鳳翔渡渭水過寶雞入小潼關涉宋境沿漢水Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 24
- Marched north with rearguardDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 36
- Offered secret planDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 13-14
- Paired in Heaven Earth sacrificeDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 67
- Prayed to substitute for Taizong illnessDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 60
- Reinforced withDated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 8
- RoutedAD 1232 壬辰春 · Military · Commander · At Sanfeng Mountain 三峰山 · Outcome Destroyed Jin elitesDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 46
- Sent envoyDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 26
- Sent investigatorsAD 1227 to AD 1229 方太祖崩時 · Legal · Authority · With Tacha (塔察), Utusaqri (吾圖撒合裏) · At Yanjing 燕京 · Outcome sixteen executed; banditry subsided 殺十有六人，盜始屏息Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 4
- Sent messengerDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 30
- Settled successionPolitical · Honoree · 定冊 alluded to by princesDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 52
- StormedAD 1230 明年庚寅秋 · Military · Commander · At Tianbao Fortress 天城堡Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 115, passage 7
- Took Fang and defeated JinAD 1231 遂由金取房 · Military · Commander · At Wudang Mountain 武當山 · Toward Junzhou 均州 · Outcome vanguard of three thousand routed over a hundred thousand 前鋒三千人破金兵十餘萬Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 29
- Took Xuzhou and secured HenanDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 56
- sovereign father 君父Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 45
- Relation Subordinate commander to · Person Taizong (太宗)Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 7
Assessments and attributes
- Tolui's merit stands out for the realm 拖雷之功，著在社稷Assessment merit-for-the-realm · Mode named-speech Speakers princesDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 51
- refusal to boast 不伐Assessment modest-unboasting · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 54
- sayin 賽因Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passages 19-20
Source notes
- Historicity historical
- Fourth son of TaizuField birth-order · Value 4Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 2
- force fewer than forty thousand when facing Jin ambush 時拖雷兵不滿四萬Directly stated · History of Yuan 115, passage 33
References in the histories
44 passages
No matching passages.