Overview
Song Qing was a Late Qing general and Wuwei Army commander.
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Courtesy name | Zhusan | 祝三 | Zhusan |
| Posthumous name | Zhongqin | 忠勤 | Zhongqin |
Life and dates
Death
- Date Source Date: Text: 二十八年 · Western Year: AD 1902Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 56
Age
- 80Reckoning Approximate · Statement 年幾八十Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 58
Attested activity
- AD 1894 二十年Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 210
- AD 1894 to AD 1895 中日之戰Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 224-225
- AD 1894 中日戰役前後Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 470, passages 174, 179
- AD 1902 二十八年Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 56
- AD 1898 二十四年Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 54
- AD 1894 二十年Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 38
Show 19 more source-backed claims
- AD 1860 to AD 1868 以武童從宋慶攻捻Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 102
- AD 1894 光緒二十年Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 117-118, 145
- AD 1875 光緒元年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 34
- AD 1880 to AD 1890 光緒六年…十餘年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 35-37
- AD 1884 光緒十年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 411, passage 201
- AD 1869 八年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 29
- AD 1867 六年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 24
- AD 1874 十三年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 31-33
- AD 1864 同治三年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 11-13
- AD 1867 同治六年Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 411, passage 81
- AD 1862 同治改元Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 10
- AD 1862 同治間募軍Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 450, passage 7
- AD 1858 to AD 1861 家貧落魄…擢至總兵（同治改元前）Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 3, 8, 10
- AD 1865 明年（授南陽鎮總兵）Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 11, 14, 18
- AD 1870 明年秋Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 29-30
- AD 1894 to AD 1895 東事起Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 85
- AD 1898 武衛軍Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 437, passage 25
- AD 1894 甲午Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 79
- AD 1868 逾歲Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 24, 26-27
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Parent of Song Tianjie (宋天傑)son 子Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 57
Key source chapters
- Draft History of Qing, Chapter 461 Volume 461 Biographies 248: Song Qing, Lv Benyuan, Xu Bangdao, Ma Yukun, Yi Ke Tang A, Rong He, Zhang Shun 49 passages
- Draft History of Qing, Chapter 450 Volume 450 Biographies 237: Li Henian, Wen Bin, Ren Daorong, Xu Zhenyi, Wu Dacheng 5 passages
- Draft History of Qing, Chapter 467 Volume 467 Biographies 254: Li Bingheng, Wang Tingxiang, Nie Shicheng, Luo Rongguang, Shou Shan Zu Sun : Rui Chang, Feng Xiang, Chong Yu 3 passages
- Draft History of Qing, Chapter 411 Volume 411 Biographies 198: Li Hongzhang 2 passages
- Draft History of Qing, Chapter 437 Volume 437 Biographies 224: Rong Lu, Wang Wenshao, Zhang Zhidong, Qu Hongji 1 passage
Career and standing
- head of the prefectural training corps 州練長Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 5
- regional commander of the Nanyang garrison 南陽鎮總兵AD 1865 明年 · AppointedDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 18
- Commander-in-Chief 總統AppointedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 39
- Provincial Military Commander of Hunan 湖南提督AppointedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 28
- qianzong (company officer) 千總AppointedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 6
- Lüshun commander 旅順守將HeldDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 85
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- participant in Ha and Ning bandit suppression 參哈、寧剿匪事AD 1870 明年秋 · OrderedDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 30
- regional commander (zongbing) 總兵PromotedDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 8
- governor of western Sichuan (remote tenure) 督西川TransferredDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 30
- Gehong'e brave title 格洪額Changed toDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 25
- commemorative temple 建祠GrantedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 56
- Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent 太子少保GrantedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 37
- ministerial rank 尚書銜GrantedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 37
- yellow riding jacket 黃馬褂GrantedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 25
- Yiyong Baturu 毅勇巴圖魯GrantedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 8
- second-class Light Chariot Commandant 二等輕車都尉GrantedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 28
- Third-class Baron 三等男Posthumously enfeoffedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 56
- ImposedStripped of office retained on dutyDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 53
- poor and down on his luck 家貧落魄PovertyDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 3
- Carried outDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 33
- pardon 宥PardonedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 45
- punishment lifted 釋處分PardonedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 54
- stripped of office but retained on duty 褫職留任PunishedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 53
Places and affiliations
- Qing 清Relation Active inStrongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 450, passage 7
- Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
- At Laizhou, Shandong 山東萊州Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 2
- AD 1880 光緒六年At Lüshun 旅順 · Relation GarrisonedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 35
- AD 1874 十三年At Liangzhou 涼州 · Relation Stationed atDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 32
- At Gaiping 蓋平 · Relation Halted atDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 44
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- At Haicheng 海城 · Relation Campaigned atDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 47
- At Henan 豫 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 14
- At Jinzhou 錦州 · Relation Stationed atDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 55
- At Jiuliancheng 九連城 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 38, 41
- At Lüshun 旅順 · Relation Departed fromDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 38
- At Shanhaiguan 山海關 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 54
- At Tianzhuangtai 田莊台 · Relation DefendedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 48
- At Xiongyue 熊岳 · Relation DefendedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 45
- At Yingkou 營口 · Relation Encamped atDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 51
- AD 1862 同治改元Organization Yijun (Resolute Army) 毅軍 · Relation Commander ofDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 10
- Organization Left Division of the Martial Guards 武衛左軍 · Relation Commander ofDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 55
- Organization Qisheng Battalion 奇勝營 · Relation Commander ofDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 6
- Organization Yijun (Resolute Army) 毅軍 · Relation Sole commander ofDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 23
- Organization Yijun 毅軍 · Relation Commander ofDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 38
Works and attributed material
- Narrative · Subject · silent-subject-continuation-of-Song-Qing-campaignStrongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 42, 44, 53-56
Events and relationships
- Absorbed surrendered forcesDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 6
- Army broke under bombardment fled west Liao east lostMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 52
- Army panicked and fell back to TianzhuangtaiMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 48
- Assaulted city five times without successMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 49
- Attacked at TaipingshanMilitary · Commander · At Taipingshan 太平山Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 98
- Attacked enemy at GanwangzhaiMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 47
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- Besieged at DengzhouDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 103
- Besieged at DiaohodianMilitary · Commander · At Diaohodian, Dengzhou 鄧州刁河店Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 19
- Campaigned against NianMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 102
- Consulted on terrain and rebelsDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 15
- Defeated after Yalu crossing fell back to Dagao RidgeMilitary · CommanderDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 42
- Defeated at dikesDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 21
- DefeatedAD 1894 to AD 1895 中日之戰 · Military · CommanderDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 225
- DefeatedDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 450, passage 10
- Defended capital region and crushed NianAD 1868 逾歲 · Military · Commander · At Xiong, Ren, Qi, Gao 雄、任、祁、高Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 27
- Defended Taiping MountainAD 1894 光緒二十年 · Military · Commander · At Taiping Mountain 太平山Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 117-118
- Drove rebels into HuguangDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 22
- Entered serviceDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 3
- Followed western campaignDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 29
- Garrisoned and campaignedMilitary · Commander · At Suzhou; Henan; Fengyang; Xuzhou and Sizhou rear 宿州；豫；鳳陽；徐、泗後路Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 7
- Held Jiuliancheng awaiting JapaneseMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 41
- Held Yellow River and annihilated NianDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 24
- Joined operations with SenggelinqinDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 12
- Joint suppressionMilitary · Commander · At Macheng and Huanggang 麻城、黃岡Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 450, passage 14
- Led Xu Bangdao and Ma Yukun and repelled enemy at TaipingshanMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 50
- Led Yijun to rendezvous at JiulianchengMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 38
- Left Lushun to defend JiulianchengMilitary · Commander · At Jiuliancheng 九連城Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 85
- Marched south to relieve Lushun DalianAD 1894 光緒二十年 · Military · Commander · At Port Arthur and Dalian 旅、大Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 146
- Marched to suppress rebellionDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 32-33
- Ordered Bangdao to hold GaizhouMilitary · Commander · At Gaizhou 蓋州Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 96
- Ordered breakout to reopen suppliesDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 20
- Ordered to defend north bankDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 26
- Ordered to relieve LushunDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 43
- Ordered with Wu Dacheng to assist Liu KunyiMilitary · Subordinate commanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 49
- Pacified remnants after Miao deathDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 13
- Paid humble respects in servant dressDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 9
- Raided Jinzhou without success while Lushun fellMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 44
- Received Bangdao at FuzhouMilitary · Commander · At Fuzhou 复州Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 95
- Received robe gift after inspectionDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 36
- Received three battalionsDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 10
- Replaced Ye Zhichao as commander in chiefDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 39
- Requested attackDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 4
- Resented by peer generals forces disorderedMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 40
- Returned from campaignAD 1875 光緒元年 · Military · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 34
- Returned to hold north bank of LiaoMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 51
- Severed supply linesDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 11
- Thrown from horse and woundedAD 1894 光緒二十年 · Military · CasualtyDated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 118
- Withdrew to Dagao RidgeAD 1894 光緒二十年 · Military · Commander · At Dagao Ridge 大高嶺Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 145
- household retainer 奴Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 3
- Relation Colleague of · Person Zhang Yao (張曜)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 15, 17
- Relation Friend of · Person Zhang Yao (張曜)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 17
- Relation Subordinate of · Person Li Hongzhang (李鴻章)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 411, passages 81, 201
- Relation Colleague of · Person Wu Dacheng (吳大澂)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 49
- Relation Requested as reinforcement by · Person Chang Shun (長順)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 210
- Relation Subordinate commander under · Person Zuo Zongtang (左宗棠)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 29
- Relation Successor of · Person Ye Zhichao (葉志超)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 39
- Relation Commander of · Person Ma Yukun (馬玉昆)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 50
- Relation Fellow commander with · Person Ma Yukun (馬玉昆)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 225
- Relation Rescued by · Person Ma Yukun (馬玉昆)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 118
- Relation Superior of · Person Lü Benyuan (呂本元)Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 65
- Relation Colleague of · Person Nie Shicheng (聶士成)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 43
- Relation Coordinated with · Person Nie Shicheng (聶士成)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 146
- Relation Subordinate of · Person Liu Kunyi (劉坤一)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 49
- Relation Commander of · Person Xu Bangdao (徐邦道)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 50
- Relation Commander of · Person Xie Baosheng (謝寶勝)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 470, passage 174
- Relation Coordinated with · Person Yike Tang'a (伊克唐阿)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 145-146
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment army discipline acclaimed as outstanding for more than a decade · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 35
- Assessment became a celebrated general · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 450, passage 43
- Assessment could be succeeded by Ma Yukun as commander · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Li Hongzhang (李鴻章)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 110
- Assessment defeated in turn and never regained former standing · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 225
- Assessment exceptional favor from both empress dowagers · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 37
- Assessment finest of all armies inspected · Mode named-speech Speaker Yiyi (奕枻)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 36
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- Assessment praised for humble loyalty to former master · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 9
- Assessment shared-hardship-with-soldiers-despite-advanced-age · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 58
- wore short jacket and headcloth; trudged through ice and snow with the troopsConductDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 58
- Item robe 袍服 · Relation Bestowed by · With Yiyi (奕枻)Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 36
Source notes
- Historicity historicalDirectly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passages 2, 38, 117
References in the histories
61 passages
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