Overview
Peng Yue was an Early Han general and King of Liang.
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|
| Courtesy name |
Zhong |
仲 |
Zhòng |
Life and dates
Death
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Attested activity
BC 204 漢三年秋
BC 202 （五年）項籍已死。春，立彭越為梁王
BC 196 今年殺彭越
BC 196 十一年
BC 196 十一年夏
BC 197 十年秋
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BC 196 夏，誅彭越
BC 206 to BC 196 彭越…夷三族
BC 196 彭越就誅
BC 202 彭越為梁王
BC 204 to BC 202 歸彭越
BC 202 漢五年秋
BC 206 漢元年秋
BC 200 to BC 196 漢初彭越
BC 196 漢初彭越被醢
BC 196 漢召彭越
BC 203 漢四年
BC 203 漢四年冬
BC 204 漢王三年
BC 205 漢王二年春
BC 203 漢王敗成皋
BC 196 漢興之初
BC 210 to BC 202 為家人時
BC 202 然卒破楚者
BC 205 至彭城
BC 206 to BC 196 西京…信、越背誕
BC 209 to BC 197 陳勝、項梁之起…遂夷越宗族
c. BC 240 to BC 196 韋、彭、伊、霍
Career and standing
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梁王，都定陶
King of Liang 梁王
Held
King of Liang 梁王
Installed
建城侯
Banished
BC 197 十年秋 · Exile · At Qingyi in Shu 蜀青衣
Held
Commoner
Reduced to
BC 197 十年秋 · Commoner
charged with treason and executed 謀反夷三族
extermination of the clan 族
extermination of three clans 夷三族
BC 196 漢召彭越 · Suffered
extermination of three clans / complete five punishments 夷三族／具五刑
BC 196 漢興之初 · Execution · Suffered
King of Liang 梁王
BC 202 五年…春 · At Dingtao 定陶
Places and affiliations
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Works and attributed material
- Speech · Speaker · Extent Unit Ids s0035 · Mode speech Speaker Peng Yue (彭越)
- Speech · Speaker · Extent Unit Ids s0067 · Mode speech Speaker Peng Yue (彭越)
Events and relationships
Afflicted Chu with Han
Assisted
Captured cities
BC 203 漢四年冬 · Military · Commander · At Suiyang and Waihuang 睢陽、外黃
Cited as Western Han traitor parallel
Allusion · Historical exemplar
Contacted by envoys
Defeated
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Executed latecomer and sacrificed
Ritual · Leader
received the complete five punishments 受具五刑之誅
BC 196 漢興之初 · Legal · Victim · Executed
Helped break Chu
Military · Commander · Mode historian-judgment
Joined battle
BC 202 五年 · Military · Commander · At Gaixia 垓下
Raided supply lines
BC 204 漢王三年 · Military · Commander · At Liang 梁地
Rebelled
Repeatedly rebelled in Liang
BC 204 漢三年秋 · Military · Commander · At Liang 梁地
Submitted to
BC 205 漢王二年春 · Military
· Commander
· With Liu Bang (劉邦) · At Waihuang
外黃
Assessments and attributes
References in the histories
No matching passages.
Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 48Volume 48 Biographies 40: Imperial Affines · 1 passage
Book of Chen, Chapter 32Volume 32: Filial Piety · 1 passage
Book of Chen, Chapter 35Volume 35: Xiong Tanlang; Zhou Di; Liu Yi; Chen Baoying · 3 passages
告臨川郡士庶：昔西京為盛，信、越背誕；
To the people of Linchuan: In old days the Western Capital stood in glory, yet Xin and Yue turned traitor;
我高祖躬率百越，師次九川，濯其泥沙，假以毛羽，裁解豚佩，仍剖獸符，[4]卵翼之恩，方斯莫喻。
Our Founder himself led the hundred Yue, halted at the nine rivers, washed mud from them and lent them feather and down, cut the pig tally and split the beast seal—[4]—a brooding kindness none could match.
謂我六軍薄伐，三越未寧，屠破述城，虜縛妻息，分襲湓鎮，稱兵蠡邦，拘逼酋豪，攻圍城邑，幸國有備，應時衄殄。
He judged our six hosts' light campaign and the three Yue still restless—yet when we broke Shucheng, seized wives and children, and struck the Pencheng garrison separately, he raised arms in the Li lands, coerced chiefs, and besieged towns; the state was ready, and he was crushed at once.
Book of Han, Chapter 1Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 1 · 15 passages
二月，沛公從碭北攻昌邑，遇彭越。
In the second month, Pei Gong from north of Dang attacked Changyi and encountered Peng Yue.
越助攻昌邑，未下。
Yue helped attack Changyi, but it did not fall.
時彭城在鉅野，眾萬餘人，無所屬。
At this time Peng Yue was at Juye with over 10,000 followers, belonging to no one.
榮與越將軍印，因令反梁地。
Tian Rong gave Peng Yue a general's seal and ordered him to rebel in Liang territory.
越擊殺濟北王安，榮遂并三齊之地。
Peng Yue attacked and killed King of Jibei Tian An. Tian Rong then united the three Qi territories.
令蕭公角擊彭越，越敗角兵。
He ordered Xiao Gong Jiao to attack Peng Yue. Yue defeated Jiao's troops.
到外黃，彭越將三萬人歸漢。
He reached Waihuang. Peng Yue led 30,000 men and surrendered to Han.
漢王拜越為魏相國，令定梁地。
King Han appointed Yue as prime minister of Wei and ordered him to pacify Liang territory.
是月，彭越渡睢，與項聲、薛公戰下邳，破殺薛公。
In this month, Peng Yue crossed the Sui River and fought Xiang Sheng and Xue Gong at Xiapi, defeating and killing Xue Gong.
羽使終公守成皋，而自東擊彭越。
Xiang Yu had Zhong Gong defend Chenggao while he himself went east to attack Peng Yue.
六月，羽已破走彭越，聞漢復軍成皋，乃引兵西拔滎陽城，生得周苛。
In the sixth month, after Xiang Yu had defeated and driven off Peng Yue, he heard that Han had again stationed troops at Chenggao. He therefore led his army west, took the city of Xingyang, and captured Zhou Ke alive.
漢王聽其計，使盧綰、劉賈將卒二萬人，騎數百，渡白馬津入楚地，佐彭越燒楚積聚，復擊破楚軍燕郭西，攻下睢陽、外黃十七城。
The King of Han followed his plan, sending Lu Wan and Liu Jia with twenty thousand soldiers and several hundred riders across Baima Ford into Chu territory. They assisted Peng Yue in burning Chu's stockpiles, then attacked and defeated the Chu army west of Yanguo, capturing seventeen cities, including Suiyang and Waihuang.
羽引兵東擊彭越。
Xiang Yu led troops east to attack Peng Yue.
齊相田橫自立為齊王，奔彭越。
Qi chancellor Tian Heng established himself as King of Qi and fled to Peng Yue.
關中兵益出，而彭越、田橫居梁地，往來苦楚兵，絕其糧食。
More troops came out from Guanzhong, while Peng Yue and Tian Heng held Liang territory, moving back and forth to harass the Chu troops and cut off their food supply.
Book of Han, Chapter 2Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 2 · 9 passages
五年冬十月，漢王追項羽至陽夏南止軍，與齊王信、魏相國越期會擊楚，至固陵，不會。
In the tenth month, winter, of the fifth year, the King of Han pursued Xiang Yu and halted his army south of Yangxia. He had arranged to meet King Xin of Qi and Yue, the Chancellor of Wei, to join forces in attacking Chu, but when he reached Guling, they did not arrive.
彭越本定梁地，始君王以魏豹故，拜越為相國。
Peng Yue originally pacified Liang territory. At first your majesty, because of Wei Bao, appointed Yue as prime minister.
今豹死，越亦望王，而君王不早定。
Now Bao is dead, and Yue also hopes to become king, but your majesty has not decided early.
今能取睢陽以北至穀城皆以王彭越，從陳以東傅海與齊王信， 信家在楚，其意欲復得故邑。
Now if you can take everything from Suiyang north to Gucheng and use it to make Peng Yue king, and give everything from Chen east to the sea to King Xin of Qi, Xin's family is in Chu, and he wishes to recover his former territory.
於是漢王發使使韓信、彭越。
So King Han sent envoys to Han Xin and Peng Yue.
魏相國建城侯彭越勤勞魏民，卑下士卒，常以少擊眾，數破楚軍，其以魏故地王之，號曰梁王，都定陶。」
Peng Yue, Chancellor of Wei and Marquis of Jiancheng, labored diligently for the people of Wei, humbled himself before officers and soldiers, often attacked many with few, and repeatedly broke Chu armies. Let him be made king over the former Wei territory, titled King of Liang, with his capital at Dingtao."
於是諸侯上疏曰：「楚王韓信、韓王信、淮南王英布、梁王彭越、故衡山王吳芮、趙王張敖、燕王臧荼昧 死再拜言，大王陛下：先時秦為亡道，天下誅之。
So the feudal lords submitted a memorial: "Han Xin, King of Chu; Xin, King of Han; Ying Bu, King of Huainan; Peng Yue, King of Liang; Wu Rui, former King of Hengshan; Zhang Ao, King of Zhao; and Zang Tu, King of Yan, risking death, bow twice and say: Great King, Your Majesty, formerly Qin acted without the Way, and the world punished it.
初，田橫歸彭越。
Initially, Tian Heng had gone to Peng Yue.
三月，梁王彭越謀反，夷三族。
In the third month, King Liang Peng Yue plotted rebellion and his three clans were exterminated.
Book of Han, Chapter 25Volume 23: Treatise on Punishment and Law · 1 passage
Book of Han, Chapter 42Volume 33: Wei Bao, Tian Dan and Hán Xin (King of Han) · 3 passages
Book of Han, Chapter 44Volume 35: Princes of Jing, Yan and Wu · 1 passage
Book of Han, Chapter 46Volume 37: Ji Bu, Luan Bu and Tian Shu · 12 passages
彭越為家人時，嘗與布游，窮困，賣庸於齊，為酒家保。
When Peng Yue was still a commoner, he and Luan Bu had been companions; broke, they hired out as laborers in Qi and Luan tended a tavern.
梁王彭越聞之，乃言上，請贖布為梁大夫。
King Peng Yue of Liang heard of it and petitioned the emperor to ransom him and appoint him a grandee of Liang.
使於齊，未反，漢召彭越責以謀反，夷三族，梟首雒陽，下詔有收視者輒捕之。
Luan Bu was on embassy to Qi when, before he could return, the court summoned Peng Yue on a charge of treason, wiped out three generations of his kin, exposed his head in Luoyang, and decreed arrest for anyone who dared mourn or look upon him.
布還，奏事彭越頭下，祠而哭之。
Luan Bu returned, laid his report beneath Peng Yue's severed head, and offered sacrifice and tears.
上召布罵曰：「若與彭越反邪？
The emperor summoned Luan Bu and shouted, "Were you in league with Peng Yue?
布曰：「方上之困彭城，敗滎陽、成皋間，項王所以不能遂西，徒以彭王居梁地，與漢合從苦楚也。
Luan Bu said, "When you were besieged at Pengcheng and driven from Xingyang to Chenggao, the only reason Xiang Yu could not push west was that King Peng held Liang and kept Han and Chu locked in a stalemate that wore Chu down.
當是之時，彭王壹顧，與楚則漢破，與漢則楚破。
At that moment a single shift of Peng Yue's weight—if he had thrown in with Chu, Han would have shattered; if with Han, Chu would have shattered.
且垓下之會，微彭王，項氏不亡。
And at Gaixia, without King Peng, the house of Xiang would never have fallen.
天下已定，彭王剖符受封，亦欲傳之萬世。
After peace was won, King Peng received his bronze tally like any other vassal king and hoped to pass his line down for ages.
今漢壹徵兵於梁，彭王病不行，而疑以為反。
Now a single levy of troops from Liang, and because King Peng was too ill to march, you suspect him of treason.
今彭王已死，臣生不如死，請就亨。」
King Peng is dead; I would rather join him in the cauldron than live on—throw me in."
欒布哭彭越，田叔隨張敖，赴死如歸，彼誠知所處，雖古烈士，何以加哉！
Luan Bu mourned Peng Yue at the risk of his life; Tian Shu followed Zhang Ao into chains as if going home. They knew exactly where they stood; the steadfast heroes of old could scarcely have surpassed them.
Book of Han, Chapter 47Volume 38: The Five Sons of Emperor Gao · 1 passage
Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 36Volume 36 Biographies 17: Xie Chaozong, Liu Xiang · 1 passage
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 51Houses of Jing and Yan · 1 passage
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 55House of Marquis of Liu · 2 passages
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 90Biographies of Wei Bao and Peng Yue · 46 passages
彭越者，昌邑人也，字仲。
Peng Yue was a native of Changyi, and his courtesy name was Zhong.
陳勝、項梁之起，少年或謂越曰：「諸豪桀相立畔秦，仲可以來，亦效之。」
When Chen Sheng and Xiang Liang rose in revolt, some young men said to Yue, "The heroes everywhere are setting themselves up and rebelling against Qin. You could join them and follow their example, Zhong."
彭越曰：「兩龍方鬬，且待之。」
Peng Yue replied, "Two dragons are locked in battle. Let us wait and see how it turns out."
居歲餘，澤閒少年相聚百餘人，往從彭越，曰：「請仲為長。」
After more than a year, over a hundred young men from the marshes banded together and went to Peng Yue, saying, "We ask that you be our leader, Zhong."
越謝曰：「臣不願與諸君。」
Yue declined, saying, "I have no wish to join you."
於是越謝曰：「臣老，諸君彊以為長。
Yue then addressed them: "I am getting old, and you insisted on making me your leader.
於是越乃引一人斬之，設壇祭，乃令徒屬。
Yue had the man dragged out and beheaded, set up an altar to make a sacrifice, and then issued orders to his followers.
徒屬皆大驚，畏越，莫敢仰視。
His followers were all terrified. They feared Yue so deeply that none dared to look up at him.
沛公之從碭北擊昌邑，彭越助之。
When the Lord of Pei marched north from Dang to attack Changyi, Peng Yue came to his aid.
彭越亦將其眾居鉅野中，收魏散卒。
Peng Yue likewise kept his men in the Juye marshes, gathering Wei soldiers who had been scattered.
項籍入關，王諸侯，還歸，彭越眾萬餘人毋所屬。
When Xiang Ji entered the passes, installed the lords as kings, and departed, Peng Yue's force of more than ten thousand men remained without allegiance to any lord.
漢元年秋，齊王田榮畔項王，（漢）乃使人賜彭越將軍印，使下濟陰以擊楚。
In the autumn of the first year of Han, when King Tian Rong of Qi rebelled against the King of Xiang, Han sent an envoy to bestow upon Peng Yue the seal of a general and ordered him to take Jiyin and attack Chu.
楚命蕭公角將兵擊越，越大破楚軍。
Chu dispatched Lord Xiao Jiao to lead forces against Yue, but Yue routed the Chu army.
漢王二年春，與魏王豹及諸侯東擊楚，彭越將其兵三萬餘人歸漢於外黃。
In the spring of the King of Han's second year, when he marched east with King Bao of Wei and the other lords to attack Chu, Peng Yue led his thirty thousand troops to submit to Han at Waihuang.
漢王曰：「彭將軍收魏地得十餘城，欲急立魏後。
The King of Han said, "General Peng has recovered the Wei territories and taken more than ten cities, and he is eager to see a descendant of Wei restored to the throne.
乃拜彭越為魏相國，擅將其兵，略定梁地。
He then appointed Peng Yue as the Chancellor of Wei, granting him sole command of his forces to conquer and pacify the Liang region.
漢王之敗彭城解而西也，彭越皆復亡其所下城，獨將其兵北居河上。
When the King of Han was defeated at Pengcheng and fell back to the west, Peng Yue lost all the cities he had captured and withdrew his forces northward to take up a position along the Yellow River.
漢王三年，彭越常往來為漢游兵，擊楚，絕其後糧於梁地。
In the King of Han's third year, Peng Yue ranged back and forth as a mobile force for Han, raiding Chu and severing its supply lines in the Liang region.
漢四年冬，項王與漢王相距滎陽，彭越攻下睢陽、外黃十七城。
In the winter of the King of Han's fourth year, while the King of Xiang and the King of Han were locked in a standoff at Xingyang, Peng Yue attacked and captured seventeen cities, including Suiyang and Waihuang.
項王聞之，乃使曹咎守成皋，自東收彭越所下城邑，皆復為楚。
When the King of Xiang learned of this, he left Cao Jiu to hold Chenggao and marched east in person to reclaim the cities Peng Yue had taken, restoring them all to Chu.
越將其兵北走穀城。
Yue led his forces northward and withdrew to Gucheng.
漢五年秋，項王之南走陽夏，彭越復下昌邑旁二十餘城，得穀十餘萬斛，以給漢王食。
In the autumn of the fifth year of Han, when the King of Xiang retreated south to Yangxia, Peng Yue once again captured more than twenty cities around Changyi and seized over a hundred thousand bushels of grain to provision the King of Han.
漢王敗，使使召彭越并力擊楚。
After the King of Han suffered a defeat, he sent a messenger to summon Peng Yue to join forces against Chu.
越曰：「魏地初定，尚畏楚，未可去。」
Yue replied, "The Wei territory has only just been pacified. We still fear Chu and cannot yet afford to leave."
彭越本定梁地，功多，始君王以魏豹故，拜彭越為魏相國。
Peng Yue was the one who originally pacified the Liang territory and rendered great service, yet because of Wei Bao, Your Majesty initially appointed Peng Yue merely as Chancellor of Wei.
今豹死毋後，且越亦欲王，而君王不蚤定。
Now that Bao is dead and has left no heir, Yue naturally desires a kingship of his own, yet Your Majesty has not moved to settle the matter.
與此兩國約：即勝楚，睢陽以北至穀城，皆以王彭相國；
Make a compact with these two men: once Chu is defeated, all the territory from Suiyang northward to Gucheng shall be granted to Chancellor Peng as his kingdom;
於是漢王乃發使使彭越，如留侯策。
The King of Han accordingly dispatched an envoy to Peng Yue, following the strategy of the Marquis of Liu.
使者至，彭越乃悉引兵會垓下，遂破楚。
When the envoy arrived, Peng Yue marshaled all his forces and converged on Gaixia, where they defeated Chu.
春，立彭越為梁王，都定陶。
In the spring, Peng Yue was installed as the King of Liang, with his capital at Dingtao.
十年秋，陳豨反代地，高帝自往擊，至邯鄲，徵兵梁王。
In the autumn of the tenth year, Chen Xi rebelled in the region of Dai. The Emperor himself marched to attack, and upon reaching Handan, he summoned the King of Liang to send troops.
梁王稱病，使將將兵詣邯鄲。
The King of Liang pleaded illness and sent a general to lead his troops to Handan in his stead.
高帝怒，使人讓梁王。
The Emperor was furious and sent an envoy to rebuke the King of Liang.
梁王恐，欲自往謝。
The King of Liang grew fearful and wished to go in person to offer his apologies.
其將扈輒曰：「王始不往，見讓而往，往則為禽矣。
His general Hu Zhe said, "Your Majesty chose not to go at first. Now that you have been rebuked, if you go, you will be seized.
梁王不聽，稱病。
The King of Liang refused to listen and continued to plead illness.
梁王怒其太仆，欲斬之。
The King of Liang grew enraged at his Grand Coachman and wanted to have him executed.
太仆亡走漢，告梁王與扈輒謀反。
The Grand Coachman fled to the Han court and reported that the King of Liang and Hu Zhe were plotting rebellion.
於是上使使掩梁王，梁王不覺，捕梁王，囚之雒陽。
The Emperor sent men to seize the King of Liang by surprise. Caught unawares, the King of Liang was arrested and imprisoned at Luoyang.
西至鄭，逢呂后從長安來，欲之雒陽，道見彭王。
As he was being escorted westward and reached Zheng, he chanced upon Empress Lu, who was traveling from Chang'an toward Luoyang. She encountered King Peng on the road.
彭王為呂后泣涕，自言無罪，願處故昌邑。
King Peng wept before Empress Lu, protesting his innocence and begging to be allowed to live out his days in his old home of Changyi.
呂后白上曰：「彭王壯士，今徙之蜀，此自遺患，不如遂誅之。
Empress Lu told the Emperor, "King Peng is a formidable warrior. Banishing him to Shu will only leave us with a future menace. It would be better to execute him outright.
於是呂后乃令其舍人彭越復謀反。
Empress Lu then had one of Peng Yue's own retainers accuse him of plotting a fresh rebellion.
廷尉王恬開奏請族之。
The Commandant of Justice, Wang Tiankai, petitioned for the extermination of Peng Yue's entire clan.
上乃可，遂夷越宗族，國除。
The Emperor approved the petition. Yue's clan was wiped out, and his kingdom was abolished.
太史公曰：魏豹、彭越雖故賤，然已席卷千里，南面稱孤，喋血乘勝日有聞矣。
The Grand Historian remarks: Though Wei Bao and Peng Yue were once men of low station, they swept across a thousand li of territory, faced south as sovereign lords, and won renown through victory after blood-soaked victory.
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 91Biography of Qing Bu · 3 passages
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 93Biographies of Han Xin (King of Han) and Lu Wan · 1 passage
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 94Biography of Tian Dan, King of Qi · 3 passages
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 97Biographies of Li Yiji and Lu Jia · 1 passage
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 100Biographies of Ji Bu and Luan Bu · 15 passages
始梁王彭越為家人時，嘗與布游。
In the early days, when Peng Yue—who would later become King of Liang—was still a commoner, he and Luan Bu had been companions.
數歲，彭越去之巨野中為盜，而布為人所略賣，為奴於燕。
After several years, Peng Yue departed for the Juye marshes to become a bandit, while Luan Bu was kidnapped and sold into slavery in Yan.
梁王彭越聞之，乃言上，請贖布以為梁大夫。
When the King of Liang, Peng Yue, heard of this, he petitioned the Emperor to ransom Luan Bu and appoint him as a Minister of Liang.
使於齊，未還，漢召彭越，責以謀反，夷三族。
Luan Bu was sent on a diplomatic mission to Qi and had not yet returned when the Han court summoned Peng Yue, charged him with plotting rebellion, and exterminated his three clans.
已而梟彭越頭於雒陽下，詔曰：「有敢收視者，輒捕之。」
Soon after, Peng Yue's head was displayed below Luoyang, and an edict said, "Anyone who dares to gather or look upon it will be arrested at once."
布從齊還，奏事彭越頭下，祠而哭之。
When Luan Bu returned from Qi, he reported on his mission beneath Peng Yue's severed head, made offerings, and wept for him.
上召布，罵曰：「若與彭越反邪？
The Emperor summoned Luan Bu and cursed him, saying, "Did you rebel with Peng Yue?
吾禁人勿收，若獨祠而哭之，與越反明矣。
I forbade anyone to attend to his remains, yet you alone made offerings and wept for him—it is clear you were part of Yue's rebellion.
布曰：「方上之困於彭城，敗滎陽、成皋閒，項王所以（遂）不能［遂］西，徒以彭王居梁地，與漢合從苦楚也。
Bu said, 'When the Sovereign was distressed at Pengcheng and defeated between Xingyang and Chenggao, the reason Xiang Yu could not advance west was only because the Peng King dwelt in Liang lands and allied with Han to afflict Chu.
當是之時，彭王一顧，與楚則漢破，與漢而楚破。
At that moment, the fate of the empire hung on a single decision by the King of Peng: had he sided with Chu, Han would have been destroyed; because he sided with Han, Chu was destroyed.
且垓下之會，微彭王，項氏不亡。
Moreover, at the battle of Gaixia, without the King of Peng, the house of Xiang would never have fallen.
天下已定，彭王剖符受封，亦欲傳之萬世。
After the empire was settled, the King of Peng received his tally and his fief, and naturally wished to pass them down for ten thousand generations.
今陛下一徵兵於梁，彭王病不行，而陛下疑以為反，反形未見，以苛小案誅滅之，臣恐功臣人人自危也。
Now Your Majesty levied troops from Liang just once, and when the King of Peng was too ill to comply, Your Majesty suspected him of rebellion. No evidence of rebellion was ever found, yet he was destroyed on a trivial pretext. I fear that every minister who has rendered meritorious service now feels his own life is in danger.
今彭王已死，臣生不如死，請就亨。」
Now that the Peng King is already dead, living is not as good as dying for me. Please proceed with the boiling.'
欒布哭彭越，趣湯如歸者，彼誠知所處，不自重其死。
When Luan Bu wept for Peng Yue and walked toward the boiling cauldron as calmly as if he were going home, it was because he truly understood his situation and did not cling to his own life.
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