Qin and Han · King of Changshan

Liu Shun 舜

Shun

Attested BC 145 - BC 114

Passages: 11
Chapters: 2
Histories: 1

Overview

Liu Shun was a king of Changshan.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	King Xian of Changshan	常山憲王	Changshan Xian Wang

Life and dates

Death

Died
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 133

Attested activity

BC 145 中五年夏
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 11, passage 71
BC 145 孝景中五年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 131
BC 145 to BC 114 立三十二年卒
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 133

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Emperor Jing (孝景皇帝)
father 父
youngest son 少子
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passages 6, 132
Parent of Liu Shang (商)
father 父
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 137
Parent of Liu Tiao (棁)
father 父
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 134
Parent of Liu Ping (平)
father 父
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 137
Parent of Liu Bo (劉勃)
father 父
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 136
Child of Emperor Jing of Han (漢景帝)
son 子
imperial son 皇子
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 11, passage 71
Child of Lady Wang Erxu (王夫人兒姁)
mother 母
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 6
Spouse of Queen Xiu (修)
queen 王后 · Primary marriage
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 136
Sibling of Cheng (乘)
same-mother brother 同母 · Maternal half siblings
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 6
Sibling of Ji (寄)
same-mother brother 同母 · Maternal half siblings
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 6
Sibling of Yue (越)
same-mother brother 同母 · Maternal half siblings
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 6

Kinship Role favored-consorts · Qualifier many · Quantity many · Count 2
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 137

Key source chapters

Career and standing

King of Changshan 常山王
BC 145 孝景中五年 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 131
King of Changshan 常山王
BC 145 中五年夏 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 11, passage 71

Places and affiliations

Polity Han 漢 · Relation Royal kinsman
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 59, passage 1

References in the histories

Search passages

History

11 passages

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 11Annals of the Xiaojing Emperor · 1 passage

中五年夏，立皇子舜為常山王。 In the summer of the fifth year of the middle period, he established his son Shun as King of Changshan.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 59House of the Five Clans · 10 passages

王夫人兒姁子曰越、寄、乘、舜。 Lady Wang, also known as Erxu, bore four sons: Yue, Ji, Cheng, and Shun.

常山憲王舜，以孝景中五年用皇子為常山王。 King Xian of Changshan, whose name was Shun, was enfeoffed as King of Changshan as an imperial prince in the fifth year of Emperor Jing's middle reign.

舜最親，景帝少子，驕怠多淫，數犯禁，上常寬釋之。 Shun was the most cherished of the brothers, being Emperor Jing's youngest son. He was arrogant, indolent, and given to excess, and he frequently ran afoul of the law. Yet the emperor always pardoned him.

初，憲王舜有所不愛姬生長男棁。 Originally, King Xian Shun had a consort whom he did not favor, and she bore him his eldest son, Tiao.

及憲王病甚，諸幸姬常侍病，故王后亦以妒媢不常侍病，輒歸舍。 When King Xian fell gravely ill, his favored consorts took turns attending at his bedside. The queen, out of jealous resentment, declined to attend regularly and would withdraw to her own chambers.

憲王雅不以長子棁為人數，及薨，又不分與財物。 King Xian had never treated his eldest son Tiao as a person of consequence, and upon his death he left Tiao no share of the estate.

漢使者視憲王喪，棁自言憲王病時，王后、太子不侍，及薨，六日出舍，太子勃私姦，飲酒，博戲，擊筑，與女子載馳，環城過市，入牢視囚。 When Han envoys arrived to oversee King Xian's funeral, Tiao came forward and personally testified that during the king's illness, neither the queen nor the crown prince had attended him. After the king's death, they had left their mourning quarters within six days. He further reported that Crown Prince Bo had conducted illicit affairs, drunk wine, gambled, and played the bamboo zither. He had raced in carriages with women through the streets, ridden around the city walls and through the markets, and entered the prison to inspect the inmates.

月餘，天子為最親，乃詔有司曰：「常山憲王蚤夭，后妾不和，適孽誣爭，陷于不義以滅國，朕甚閔焉。 A little more than a month later, mindful that Changshan had been ruled by his closest kin, the Son of Heaven issued an edict to his ministers: "King Xian of Changshan died before his time. His queen and consorts were at odds, and legitimate and illegitimate sons slandered one another and quarreled until they fell into disgrace and the kingdom was extinguished. We are deeply grieved by this.

真定王平，元鼎四年用常山憲王子為真定王。 King Ping of Zhending, a son of King Xian of Changshan, was enfeoffed as King of Zhending in the fourth year of the Yuanding era.

泗水思王商，以元鼎四年用常山憲王子為泗水王。 King Si of Sishui, whose name was Shang, a son of King Xian of Changshan, was enfeoffed as King of Sishui in the fourth year of the Yuanding era.