Overview
Liu Chong was a ruler of Northern Han.
PeriodFive Dynasties
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal name | Liu Min | 劉旻 | Liú Mín |
| Changed name | Min | 旻 | Min |
| Posthumous name | Emperor Shenwu of Great Han | 大漢神武皇帝 | Dà Hàn Shénwǔ huángdì |
Life and dates
Birth
- AD 895 乙卯Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Wang Baoheng (王保衡) Source Work Jinyang Jianwen Yaolu 晉陽見聞要錄Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 70, 73
Death
- AD 955 明年十一月Age Value: 60 · Reckoning: SuiDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 64
- AD 954 顯德元年Age 60Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 67, 77
- Date Source Date: Text: 應曆5年十一月 · Reign Id: liao-yingli · Regnal Year: 5 · Western Year: AD 955Directly stated · History of Liao 6, passage 93
- AD 955 顯德二年冬Mode named-source-report Source Work Old History of the Five Dynasties 五代舊史Textual variant · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 69, 78
- AD 955 顯德二年十一月Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 236
- AD 954 顯德元年Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 233
Show 1 more source-backed claim
- AD 955Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 115, passage 181
Age
- 60Reckoning SuiDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 67, 77
- 61Reckoning Sui · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Wang Baoheng (王保衡) Source Work Jinyang Jianwen Yaolu 晉陽見聞要錄Textual variant · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 70, 77
Attested activity
- AD 954 乾祐七年十一月Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 67
- AD 954 顯德元年Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 68, 77
- AD 955 顯德二年冬Textual variant · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 69
- AD 955 應曆5年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 6, passage 93
- AD 930 to AD 954 AD 930-954Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 207
- AD 951 to AD 954 AD 951-954Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 219
Show 37 more source-backed claims
- AD 951 to AD 954 AD 951-954Directly stated · History of Song 482, passages 78, 172, 254
- AD 947 三月庚戌Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 99, passage 113
- AD 954 世宗新即位…高平Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 38
- AD 948 乾祐Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 32
- AD 950 乾祐三年Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 103, passage 173
- AD 949 乾祐二年Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 111
- AD 948 乾祐元年Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 56
- AD 948 乾祐元年三月丙辰Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 30
- AD 951 五年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 85, passage 86
- AD 951 六月辛卯朔Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 57
- AD 951 to AD 954 劉旻攻晉州Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 8
- AD 951 劉旻攻晉州Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 159
- AD 951 to AD 952 劉旻自立於太原Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 78
- AD 951 周廣順元年Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 156
- AD 951 國初入寇Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 124, passage 86
- AD 951 天祿五年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 53
- AD 947 天福十二年五月；北京留守Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 41
- AD 947 天福十二年六月壬申Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 38
- AD 947 天福十二年夏五月甲午Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 3
- AD 951 太祖踐阼Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 144
- AD 951 崇女提及Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 57
- AD 954 并州劉崇南侵Dated from the passage context · History of Song 484, passages 18, 236
- AD 951 廣順元年二月丙午Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
- AD 951 廣順元年二月五日Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
- AD 951 廣順元年冬Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 26
- AD 951 廣順元年正月Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 67
- AD 955 明年十一月Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 43, 64
- AD 954 显德元年三月Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 26
- AD 954 會河東劉崇入寇Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 126, passage 218
- AD 947 to AD 954 漢初至顯德元年Directly stated · History of Song 482, passages 3, 233
- AD 955 顯德二年Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 115, passage 181
- AD 954 顯德元年
- AD 954 顯德元年三月Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 43
- AD 954 顯德元年春Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 178
- AD 954 顯德初Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 124, passages 75, 209
- AD 954 高平Directly stated · History of Song 484, passage 163
- AD 954 高平之役Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passage 121
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Ancestor of Liu Jiyuan (劉繼元)Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 3
- Kin of Emperor Gaozu of Han (漢高祖)cousin 從弟 · paternal lineDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 207
- Parent of Daughter of Liu Chong (劉崇女)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 78
- Parent of Daughter of Liu Chong (劉崇女)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 57
- Parent of Daughter of Liu Min (旻女)daughter 女Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 116
- Parent of Liu Yun (劉赟)son 子
father 父 - Parent of Liu Chengjun (劉承鈞)father 父
second son 次子
son 子 - Parent of Liu Jun (劉鈞)son 子 · paternal lineDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 144
- Parent of Liu Kai (鍇)son 子Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 134-135
- Parent of Liu Qi (锜)son 子Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 134-135
- Parent of Liu Xi (錫)son 子Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 134-135
- Parent of Liu Gao (鎬)son 子Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 134-135
- Parent of Liu Yun (劉赟)son 子Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 217
- Parent of Liu Xian (銑)son 子Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 134-135
- Parent of Liu Jun (劉鈞)son 子Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 228
- Parent of Liu Yun (劉贇)son 子Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 7
- Sibling of Emperor Gaozu of Han (漢高祖)uterine younger brother 母弟 · Maternal half siblingsDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 1
- Spouse of Wife of Liu Min (旻妻)wife 妻Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 158
- Sibling of Later Han Gaozu (漢高祖)younger brother 弟 · Full siblingsDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 3
- Sibling of Emperor Gaozu of Later Han (高祖)younger brother 弟Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 103, passage 173
- Kinship Role sons · Count 10 · Qualifier more than tenDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 134
Key source chapters
- New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 70 Volume 70: Hereditary House of Eastern Han 50 passages
- Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 135 Volume 135: Biographies of Usurpers 2: Liu Shouguang, Liu Zhi, Liu Chong 22 passages
- History of Song, Chapter 482 Volume 482 Biographies 241, Hereditary Houses 5: Liu Jiyuan of the Northern Han Liu Family (Father: Liu Jun; Elder Brother: Liu Ji'en; Appended: Wei Rong, Zhao Wendu, Li Yun, Ma Feng, Guo Wuwei) 17 passages
- New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 71 Volume 71: Timeline for the Hereditary Houses of the Ten Kingdoms 11 passages
- Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 119 Volume 119 Book of Later Zhou 21: Shizong Annals 6 8 passages
Career and standing
- Acting Grand Marshal 檢校太尉AD 947 三月庚戌 · AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 99, passage 113
- Yin of Taiyuan 太原尹AD 947 三月庚戌 · AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 99, passage 113
- regent of the Northern Capital 北京留守AD 947 天福十二年五月 · AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 41
- Grand Councillor of the Second Class 同平章事AD 947 天福十二年六月壬申 · AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 38
- Defender of the Northern Capital 北京留守AD 947 天福十二年夏五月甲午 · AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 3
- northern-capital commissioner 北京留守AD 947 to AD 950 漢初 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 3
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- Taiyuan governor 太原尹AD 947 to AD 950 漢初 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 3
- commander-in-chief 都指揮使AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 4
- prefect of Taiyuan 太原尹AppointedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 5
- Acting Grand Preceptor 檢校太師GrantedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 30
- Concurrent Palace Attendant 兼侍中GrantedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 30
- Acting Grand Commandant 檢校太尉HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 30
- Acting Grand Guardian 檢校太保HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 99, passage 113
- Commander-in-Chief of the Northern Capital cavalry and infantry 北京馬步軍都指揮使HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 99, passage 113
- Concurrent Councilor of the Second Rank 同平章事HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 30
- Defender of Sizhou 泗州防禦使HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 99, passage 113
- Defender of the Northern Capital 北京留守HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 38
- Grand Secretary 中書令HeldDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 6
- Northern Capital garrison commander 北京留守HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 30
- provisional administrator of Taiyuan 判太原府事HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 3
- Emperor Shenwu of Great Han 大漢神武皇帝AD 951 六月辛卯朔 · InvestedDated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 58
- Yingwu Emperor 英武皇帝Granted by KhitanDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 225
- Emperor Shenwu of Great Han 大漢神武皇帝AD 951 乾祐 · InvestedDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 230
- Emperor Shenwu of Great Han 大漢神武皇帝InvestedDirectly stated · History of Liao 85, passage 86
- AD 951 乾祐Polity Northern Han 漢Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 227
- Emperor of Han 漢AD 951 周廣順元年正月 · Era Name Qianyou 乾祐Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 219
- AD 951 周廣順元年正月戊寅Polity Northern Han 東漢/北漢 · At Taiyuan 太原Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 156
- AD 951 天祿五年At Taiyuan 太原Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 53
- At Taiyuan 太原Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 67
Places and affiliations
- AD 954 會河東劉崇入寇Polity Hedong 河東 · Relation LedDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 126, passage 218
- Eastern Han (Northern Han) 東漢Relation RuledDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 25, 29, 34
- Han 漢Relation Ruled
- Later Han 漢Relation ServedDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 4-5
- Northern Han 漢Relation RuledDirectly stated · History of Liao 6, passage 93
- Polity Hedong 河東 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
Show 14 more source-backed claims
- Polity Later Han 後漢 · Relation Associated withStrongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 103, passage 173
- Polity Later Han 後漢 · Relation ServedStrongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 3
- Polity Later Han 後漢 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passages 30, 56
- Polity Later Han 漢 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 210
- Polity Northern Han 北漢 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 124, passages 75, 209
- Polity Northern Han 北漢 · Relation RuledStrongly inferred · History of Song 484, passage 18
- Polity Northern Han 汉 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 12, passages 26-27
- Polity Northern Han 漢 · Relation Founded
- At Taiyuan 太原Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 207
- AD 951 天祿五年At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Declared emperor atDated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 53
- AD 954 會河東劉崇入寇At Hedong 河東 · Relation Based inDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 126, passage 218
- At Hedong 河東 · Relation Based inDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
- At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Based atDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 178
- At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 3
Works and attributed material
- Speech · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passages 4, 10
- Speech · SpeakerDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passages 130-131
Events and relationships
- Attacked by Zhou sought Liao aidAD 951 六月辛卯朔 · Military · BesiegedDated from the passage context · History of Liao 5, passage 57
- BesiegedAD 951 廣順元年冬 · Military · Attacker · At Jin Prefecture 晉州Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 130, passage 26
- Built shrineDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 16
- Continued Qianyou eraPolitical · ActorDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 32
- Declared emperorAD 951 周廣順元年 · Political · FounderDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 254
- Defeated at GaopingDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 20
Show 23 more source-backed claims
- Defeated at GaopingDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 227
- Defeated atDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 43, 51
- Defeated atDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 38
- Defeated by Zhou forcesMilitary · Defeated · At Hedong 河東Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 141, passage 93
- Defeated fledAD 954 高平之敗 · Military · Commander · At Gaoping 高平Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 232
- Established himselfPolitical · ActorDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 29, 31
- Executed adviserDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passages 11, 13
- Fought at GaopingDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passage 121
- ImpeachedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 101, passage 56
- Invaded southMilitary · Commander · At Bingzhou 并州Directly stated · History of Song 484, passage 18
- InvadedAD 954 三月 · Military · Commander · At Gaoping 高平 · Summary Prepared a southern raid with Yang Yan; routed by Zhou Shizong at Gaoping.Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passages 178-179
- InvadedAD 951 廣順元年二月五日 · Military · Invader · At Jin 晉州 · Mode named-source-report Source Work History of Song, Biography of Wang Yan 宋史·王晏傳Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 26
- InvadedAD 954 會河東劉崇入寇 · Military · InvaderDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 126, passage 218
- InvadedAD 954 顯德初 · Military · Invader · At Gaoping 高平Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 124, passage 209
- InvadedAD 954 顯德初 · Military · EnemyDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 124, passage 75
- Prepared to march southAD 950 隱帝遇害 · Military · CommanderDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 7
- RaidedAD 951 to AD 954 951-954 · Military · Commander · At Jin and Jiang 晉、絳Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 231
- Sent attackersDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
- Sent letterDiplomatic · Author · Counterpart Zhou court 周 · Purpose seeking return of his son Yun 求其子赟Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 29
- Sent son to raidDated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 144
- Sought father son pactDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passages 229-230
- Relation Superior of · Person Liu Jun (劉鈞)Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
- Relation Superior of · Person Bai Jiehai (白截海)Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 111, passage 24
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment distinguished-from-nine-states-by-righteousness-toward-Zhou · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 31
- Assessment lamentable-resolve-in-retaining-Qianyou · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 32
- Assessment lost heart after Gaoping and dared not campaign again · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Song 482, passage 232
- Assessment refused to submit to Zhou · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 11, passage 121
- Assessment usurped false title after ruined state · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 240
- Assessment usurped title while retaining Qianyou era and household ritual · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 71
Show 2 more source-backed claims
- handsome beard and mustache; double pupilsPhysical descriptionDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 2
- Item Khitan yellow steed 契丹黃騮 · Relation Used in flightDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passages 54, 56
Source notes
- Jiuguo Zhi: Xiande 1 / Qianyou 7; Old History etc.: Xiande 2 winterField death-date · Preferred Xiande 1 / age 60Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 71, passages 67, 69, 77-78
- Historicity historicalDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 126, passage 218
- AD 951 乾祐From Chong 崇 · To Min 旻Directly stated · History of Song 482, passage 227
- From Chong 崇 · To Min 旻
References in the histories
156 passages
No matching passages.