Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗)

Overview

Emperor Shizong of Jin was an emperor of Jin.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Emperor Guangtian Xingyun Wende Wugong Shengming Renxiao	光天興運文德武功聖明仁孝皇帝

Life and dates

Death

AD 1189 大定二十九年
Directly stated · History of Jin 13, passage 10

Attested activity

AD 1185 二十五年二月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 129
AD 1164 世宗大定四年五月
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passage 27
AD 1170 大定十年
Directly stated · History of Jin 131, passage 121
AD 1168 大定八年
Directly stated · History of Jin 131, passage 117
AD 1167 七年…郭良臣
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 50
AD 1167 七年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 53, passage 143

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AD 1161 世宗即位…正隆之亂
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 45
AD 1161 世宗臨御
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 26
AD 1169 九年…御史臺
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 62
AD 1181 二十一年…馬俊
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 108
AD 1183 二十三年…範德
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 114
AD 1182 二十二年…烏古論公說
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 110
AD 1188 二十八年…刪修
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 145
AD 1186 二十六年…八議
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 139
AD 1180 二十年…踐民田
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 107
AD 1162 二年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 52, passage 187
AD 1168 八年…賭博法
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 58
AD 1171 十一年…司獄
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 69
AD 1177 十七年…提刑司
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 83
AD 1173 十三年…禁決死刑
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 81
AD 1172 十二年…蒲察台補
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 70
AD 1172 十二年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 53, passage 61
AD 1175 十五年…八十貫
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 82
AD 1170 十年…張錦
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 66
AD 1163 大定三年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passage 98
AD 1189 大定二十九年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 13, passage 10
AD 1189 大定二十九年四月乙丑
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passage 206
AD 1162 大定二年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 53, passages 54-55
AD 1161 大定元年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passages 190, 194
AD 1161 大定元年
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passage 187; History of Jin 53, passage 138
AD 1166 大定六年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 53, passage 139
AD 1171 大定十一年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 78, passage 181
AD 1164 大定四年
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 45, passage 46
AD 1161 to AD 1189 定于世宗之時
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passage 17
AD 1161 to AD 1189 金世宗
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 65, passage 226
AD 1161 to AD 1189 金世宗
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 199, passage 60

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Emperor Xianzong of Jin (金顯宗)
crown prince 太子
father 父
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 78, passages 105, 107, 116; History of Jin 32, passage 208
Parent of Crown Prince (皇太子)
crown prince 皇太子
Directly stated · History of Jin 131, passage 118
Child of Zongyao (宗堯)
father 父
Directly stated · History of Jin 32, passage 99
Child of Empress Zhenyi (貞懿皇后)
mother 母
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passage 99
Child of Empress Qinci (欽慈皇后)
mother 母 · Uncertain parentage
Uncertain · History of Jin 32, passage 99
Parent of Wanyan Yongji (完顏永濟)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · History of Jin 13, passage 2
Spouse of Yuan Consort Li (元妃李氏)
Yuan Consort 元妃 · Secondary marriage
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 13, passage 2

Kinship Role grandsons · Count 2 · 諸孫 plural; exact number not stated
Directly stated · History of Yuan 199, passage 60

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Emperor Guangtian Xingyun Wende Wugong Shengming Renxiao 光天興運文德武功聖明仁孝皇帝
Posthumously conferred
Directly stated · History of Jin 32, passage 206

Places and affiliations

Jin 金
Relation Ruled
Directly stated · History of Liao 65, passage 226
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passage 206
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passage 26; History of Jin 52, passages 17, 27, 187
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Ruler
Directly stated · History of Yuan 199, passage 60
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Jin 131, passages 6, 55

Works and attributed material

Imperial instruction · Author · Speaker Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗) · Addressed to Liu Zhonghui (劉仲誨) · Topic staffing and moral instruction of the crown prince · With Emperor Xianzong of Jin (金顯宗)
Directly stated · History of Jin 78, passages 105-106
Imperial instruction · Author · Speaker Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗) · Addressed to Liu Zhonghui (劉仲誨) · Topic teaching the crown prince modesty and thrift · With Emperor Xianzong of Jin (金顯宗)
Directly stated · History of Jin 78, passages 107-108
AD 1164 世宗大定四年五月
Edict · Author
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passages 27-31
Annotation · Author
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passages 94-95
Edict · Author · Mode quotation
Directly stated · History of Jin 32, passages 190-197
Edict · Authority · Paraphrased
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 53, passage 55

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Edict · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · History of Jin 53, passages 143-144
Edict · Author
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passages 69, 82
Speech · Speaker · Original Text 愚民不識典法…
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passage 47
Speech · Speaker · Paraphrased
Directly stated · History of Jin 53, passage 138
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · History of Jin 53, passages 61-64, 139-142
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passages 54, 60-61, 64-65, 67, 72-76, 79, 91, 107, 109-110, 113, 116-119, 121, 123-124, 126-127, 130, 133, 135, 138, 140

Events and relationships

Decreed
AD 1164 世宗大定四年五月 · Administrative · Issuer · Topic yin examination for imperial kin; Music Bureau yin limits; disapproval of Zhenglong Music Bureau local appointments 皇家袒免以上親就廕引試；教坊用廕；正隆教坊典城
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passages 27-31
Discussed circuit clerk selection with ministers
Political · Ruler
Directly stated · History of Jin 53, passages 61-64
Fixed regulations
AD 1161 to AD 1189 定于世宗之時 · Administrative · Regulator · Topic imperial-clan generals, palace attendants, guards, translators, and related entry tracks 宗室將軍、宮中諸局承應人等諸格
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passage 17
Ordered reform of palace bureau attendant ranks and pay
Political · Ruler
Directly stated · History of Jin 53, passage 138
Pardoned Zhang Teli
Legal · Authority · With Zhang Teli (張特立)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 199, passage 64
Restored
AD 1161 大定元年 · Administrative · Reformer · Topic Huangtong jinshi selection for ministry clerks after dismissing corrupt clerks 罷吏人而複皇統選進士之制 · Until Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 1162
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passage 187

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Relation Instructed · Person Liu Zhonghui (劉仲誨) · Topic education and discipline of the crown prince
Directly stated · History of Jin 78, passages 105-108

Assessments and attributes

man of fierce integrity 烈士
Assessment 烈士 · About Person Id Zhang Jin (張錦) · Mode speech Speaker Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗)
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passage 67
governed with excessive severity 為政尚猛
Assessment 尚猛 · About Person Id Gao Zhen (高楨) · Mode speech Speaker Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗)
Directly stated · History of Jin 45, passage 96
Assessment found clerks corrupt and disruptive on external assignments · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Jin 52, passage 187
Assessment Praised Liu Zhonghui's stern integrity · Assessor Person Id Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗) · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗)
Directly stated · History of Jin 78, passage 118

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Jin 13, passage 10; History of Liao 65, passage 226

References in the histories

Search passages

History

21 passages

History of Jin, Chapter 13Volume 13 Annals 13: Wei Shaowang · 2 passages

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世宗第七子，母曰元妃李氏。 He was Shizong's seventh son; his mother was Yuan Consort Li.

二十九年，世宗崩，章宗即位，進封潞王。 In year 29 Shizong died and Zhangzong took the throne; he was advanced to Prince of Lu.

History of Jin, Chapter 32Volume 32 Treatises 13: Rites 5: Conferring of Posthumous Titles · 1 passage

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大定二十九年四月乙丑，諡大行皇帝曰光天興運文德武功聖明仁孝皇帝，廟號世宗。 On the yichou day of the fourth month, Dading 29, the late emperor received the posthumous title Emperor Guangtian Xingyun Wende Wugong Shengming Renxiao, with the temple name Shizong.

History of Jin, Chapter 45Volume 45 Treatises 26: Punishment · 2 passages

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雖然，世宗臨御，法司奏讞，或去律援經，或揆義制法。 Nevertheless, under Emperor Shizong's reign, when legal offices reported cases for judgment, they sometimes set aside the code to appeal to the classics, and sometimes fashioned law by weighing moral principle.

及世宗即位，以正隆之亂，盜賊公行，兵甲未息，一時制旨多從時宜，遂集為《軍前權宜條理》。 When Shizong ascended the throne, amid the chaos of the Zhenglong period, with bandits roaming freely and warfare still unsettled, many temporary edicts followed expedient needs and were collected as the Provisional Articles and Ordinances Before the Army.

History of Jin, Chapter 52Volume 52 Treatises 33: Selection of Officials 2: Civil and Military Selection · 3 passages

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若宗室將軍、宮中諸局承應人、宰相書表、太子護衛、妃護衛、王府祗候郎君、內侍、及宰相之子、並譯史、通事、省祗候郎君、親軍驍騎諸格，則定于世宗之時，及章宗所置之太常檢討、內侍寄祿官，皆仕進之門戶也。 Imperial-clan generals, palace bureau attendants, chancellors' memorial scribes, crown-prince and consort guards, princely retainers, eunuchs, chancellors' sons, translators, interpreters, provincial attendants, and personal-guard and crack-cavalry categories were all set under Shizong; Zhangzong added Sacrifices examiners and salaried eunuch posts—each a doorway into office.

世宗大定四年五月，詔：「皇家袒免以上親，就廕者依格引試，中選者勿令當儤使。」 In the fifth month of Dading 4 (1164) Shizong decreed: "Imperial kin within the upper-garment mourning circle who enter by yin shall sit the qualifying examination. Those who pass shall not be assigned corvée duty."

大定元年，世宗以胥吏既貪墨，委之外路幹事又不知大體，徒多擾動，至二年，罷吏人而複皇統選進士之制。 In Dading 1 (1161) Shizong found clerks corrupt and their external assignments disruptive because they lacked broader judgment. In the second year (1162) he dismissed them and restored the Huangtong jinshi selection system.

History of Jin, Chapter 53Volume 53 Treatises 34: Selection of Officials 3: Miscellaneous Selection of Senior Officials, Minor Officials · 1 passage

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凡宮中諸局分，大定元年，世宗謂諸局分承應人，班敘俸給涉於太濫，正隆時乃無出身，涉於太刻，又其官品不以勞逸為制，遂命更定之。 In Dading 1 Emperor Shizong found palace bureau attendants overpaid under current rules yet too restricted under Zhenglong, with ranks ignoring workload, and ordered reform.

History of Jin, Chapter 78Volume 78 Biographies 16: Liu Yanzong and His Sons E and Kuo; Kuo's Son Zhonghui; Liu Yi; Shi Liai; Han Qixian and His Son Duo · 7 passages

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上曰：「東宮官屬，尤當選用正人，如行檢不修及不稱位者，具以名聞。」 The emperor said: "The Eastern Palace staff must be men of integrity. Report by name anyone whose conduct is lax or who is unfit for his post."

頃之，東宮請增牧人及張設什用，上謂仲誨曰：「太子生於富貴，每教之恭儉。 Soon the Eastern Palace requested more herdsmen and furnishings. The emperor told Zhonghui: "The crown prince was born to privilege—keep teaching him modesty and thrift.

仲誨立朝峻整，容色莊重，世宗嘗曰：「朕見劉仲誨嘗若將切諫者。」 Zhonghui was austere and composed at court, his bearing solemn. Emperor Shizong once said: "Whenever I see Liu Zhonghui, he looks ready to deliver a blunt remonstrance."

十年，司空李德固孫引慶求襲其祖猛安，世宗曰：「德固無功，其猛安且闕之。 In the tenth year Li Deguo's grandson Yinqing sought to inherit his grandfather's commander rank. The emperor said: "Deguo earned no merit; let that command remain vacant for now.

十一年，將圖功臣像于衍慶宮，上曰：「丞相企先，本朝典章制度多出斯人之手，至於關決大政，與大臣謀議，不使外人知之，由是無人能知其功。 In the eleventh year they planned to paint meritorious officials' portraits in the Yanqing Palace. The emperor said: "Grand Councillor Qixian drafted much of this dynasty's law and institutions. In great affairs he deliberated with ministers in secret, so no one could measure his achievement.

頃之，上謂宰臣曰：「韓鐸年高，不任繁劇，且其母老矣，可與之便郡。」 Before long the emperor told his councillors: "Han Duo is advanced in years and cannot bear heavy duties, and his mother is old—give him a convenient prefecture."

韓企先入相兩朝，幾二十年，成功著業，世宗稱其賢焉。 Han Qixian had served as grand chancellor through two reigns for nearly twenty years, leaving a record of solid achievement, and Emperor Shizong praised his excellence.

History of Jin, Chapter 131Volume 131 Biographies 69: Huan Zhe, Liang Chong, Song Gui, Pan Shouheng, Fang Ji, Liu Wansu, Zhang Congzheng, Li Qingsi, Ji Tianxi, Zhang Yuansu, Ma Guizhong, Wu Zhen Son: Kang, Li Mao, Hu Dexin · 2 passages

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大定八年，世宗擊球于常武殿，貴中上疏諫曰：「陛下為天下主，守宗廟社稷之重，圍獵擊球皆危事也。 In the eighth year of Dading (1168), Emperor Shizong played cuju at the Ever Martial Hall. Guizhong submitted a memorial of remonstrance: "Your Majesty is lord of all under Heaven, charged with the ancestral temples and the altars of soil and grain. Hunting and cuju are dangerous pursuits.

十年十一月，皇太子生日，世宗宴百官於東宮。 In the eleventh month of the tenth year, on the crown prince's birthday, Shizong gave a feast for the officials at the Eastern Palace.

History of Liao, Chapter 65Volume 65 Tables 3: Princesses · 1 passage

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封鄭國公主。咸雍中，徙封魏國。咸雍中徙封魏國雍原作「和」，陳大任避金世宗雍名改，元人回改遺漏，今回改。 She was enfeoffed Princess of Zheng State; during the Xianyong era she was transferred to Wei State—the received text had "He" for Yong, altered by Chen Daren to avoid Jin Shizong's taboo and incompletely restored under the Yuan; the text is corrected accordingly.

History of Yuan, Chapter 199Volume 199 Biographies 86: Recluses · 2 passages

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既而拜監察御史，首言世宗諸孫不宜幽囚； He was soon appointed investigating censor and first memorialized that Emperor Shizong's grandsons should not be kept in confinement;

白撒訴於世宗，言特立所言事失實，世宗宥之，遂歸田裡。 Bai Sa complained to Emperor Shizong that Teli's charges were false; the emperor pardoned Teli, who then retired to the countryside.