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Overview Other names Life and dates Key source chapters Places and affiliations Works and attributed material Events and relationships References in the histories
Overview Emperor Aizong was a ruler.
Identity Historical · Male
Other names Type English Chinese Pinyin
Posthumous name
Last Emperor
末帝
Modi
Life and dates Death Hanged himself · At Youlan Pavilion 幽蘭軒 Attested activity AD 1224 to AD 1234 哀宗
AD 1224 to AD 1234 哀宗在位
AD 1234 天興三年正月
AD 1233 天興二年
AD 1232 天興元年春
Key source chapters
History of Jin, Chapter 131
Volume 131 Biographies 69: Huan Zhe, Liang Chong, Song Gui, Pan Shouheng, Fang Ji, Liu Wansu, Zhang Congzheng, Li Qingsi, Ji Tianxi, Zhang Yuansu, Ma Guizhong, Wu Zhen Son: Kang, Li Mao, Hu Dexin
13 passages
History of Jin, Chapter 115
Volume 115 Biographies 53: Wanyan Nushen, Cui Li, Li Qi, Nie Tianji, Chizhan Weixin
9 passages
History of Jin, Chapter 130
Volume 130 Biographies 68: Exemplary Women: The Wife of A Lin; The Wife of Li Baoxin; The Wife of Han Qingmin; Lei Fu, née Shi; Kang Zhuzhu; The Wife of Li Wen; The Wife of Li Ying; The Wife of Xiang Qi; A Luzhen; The Wife of Sahe Nian; The Wife of Xu Gu; Feng Miaozhen; Lady Pucha; Lady Wugulun; The Wife of Su Lan; The Wife of Mang Ge; Lady Yin; Lady Bai; Nie Xiaonü; The Wife of Zhong De; Lady Li of Baofu; Zhang Fengnu
4 passages
Places and affiliations Polity Jin 金 · Relation ServedWorks and attributed material Events and relationships Fled Pucheng to Guide
Flight · Fugitive
References in the histories
No matching passages.
History of Jin, Chapter 115 Volume 115 Biographies 53: Wanyan Nushen, Cui Li, Li Qi, Nie Tianji, Chizhan Weixin · 9 passages
天興元年春，大兵駐鄭州海灘寺，遣使招哀宗降。
In the spring of Tianxing 1, the Mongol army encamped at Haitansi in Zheng Prefecture and sent envoys urging Emperor Aizong to surrender.
汴受圍數月，倉庫匱乏，召武仙等入援不至，哀宗懼，以曹王訛可出質，請罷攻。
Kaifeng had been under siege for months, and the granaries were empty. Wuxian and others were called to relieve the city but never came. In fear, Emperor Aizong offered Prince Cao, Eke, as a hostage and asked that the assault be halted.
冬十月，哀宗議親出捍禦，以奴申參知政事、兼樞密副使，完顏習捏阿不樞密副使、兼知開封府、權參知政事，總諸軍留守京師。
In the tenth month of winter, Emperor Aizong planned to lead the defense in person. He left Nushen as vice grand councilor and concurrent vice commissioner of military affairs, and Wanyan Xinie Abu as vice commissioner of military affairs, concurrent prefect of Kaifeng, and acting vice grand councilor, to command all forces and hold the capital.
哀宗北禦，以孤城弱卒托之奴申、阿不二人，可謂難矣。
When Emperor Aizong went north to resist the invaders, entrusting a besieged city and a feeble garrison to Nushen and Abu alone, the task was formidable indeed.
乃梟立首，望承天門祭哀宗。
They displayed Cui Li's head on a pole, faced the Gate of Receiving Heaven, and offered sacrifice to Emperor Aizong.
哀宗遷歸德，天驥留汴中。
When Emperor Aizong moved to Guide, Tianji remained in Kaifeng.
哀宗欲修宮室，尉忻極諫，至是臥薪嚐膽為言，上悚然從之。
When Emperor Aizong wished to repair the palace buildings, Weixin remonstrated fiercely, even invoking the example of sleeping on brushwood and tasting gall. The emperor was startled and complied.
哀宗為太子，有定策功，由是頗惑其言，複倚信日深，台諫每以為言。
When Emperor Aizong was crown prince, Sagelian had helped settle the succession. For this reason the emperor was much swayed by his words and relied on him ever more deeply. The censorate often remonstrated about this.
哀宗終不能去。
In the end Emperor Aizong could not remove him.
History of Jin, Chapter 130 Volume 130 Biographies 68: Exemplary Women: The Wife of A Lin; The Wife of Li Baoxin; The Wife of Han Qingmin; Lei Fu, née Shi; Kang Zhuzhu; The Wife of Li Wen; The Wife of Li Ying; The Wife of Xiang Qi; A Luzhen; The Wife of Sahe Nian; The Wife of Xu Gu; Feng Miaozhen; Lady Pucha; Lady Wugulun; The Wife of Su Lan; The Wife of Mang Ge; Lady Yin; Lady Bai; Nie Xiaonü; The Wife of Zhong De; Lady Li of Baofu; Zhang Fengnu · 4 passages
History of Jin, Chapter 131 Volume 131 Biographies 69: Huan Zhe, Liang Chong, Song Gui, Pan Shouheng, Fang Ji, Liu Wansu, Zhang Congzheng, Li Qingsi, Ji Tianxi, Zhang Yuansu, Ma Guizhong, Wu Zhen Son: Kang, Li Mao, Hu Dexin · 13 passages
惟宋珪、潘守恆頗能諷諫宣、哀，時有裨益，蓋傭之佼佼、鐵之錚錚者也。
Only Song Gui and Pan Shouheng could remonstrate with Emperors Xuanzong and Aizong with real effect, and at times they did genuine good — the finest among servants, ringing true as tempered iron.
哀宗放鷂後苑，鷂逸去，敕近侍追訪之，市中一農民臂此鷂，近侍不敢言宮中所逸者，百方索之，農民不與，與之物直，僅乃得。
Emperor Aizong released a hawk in the rear park and it escaped. He ordered attendants to find it. In the market a farmer had the bird on his arm. The attendants dared not say it was the palace hawk; they tried every approach, but the farmer would not yield until they paid him its price — and only then did they get it back.
事聞，哀宗欲送其人於有司，乞奴從旁諫曰：「貴畜賤人，豈可宣示四方。」
When the matter was reported, Aizong meant to hand the farmer over to the authorities. Qinu remonstrated at his side: "To prize a bird and slight a man — how can we show that to the world?"
哀宗惡其大訐，又仗之，尋亦悔，賜物慰遣之。
Aizong disliked the blunt rebuke and had him beaten again. Soon he regretted that as well and sent gifts to comfort him.
及哀宗至歸德，馬軍元帥蒲察官奴為變，殺左丞李蹊、參政石盞女魯歡以下從官三百餘人。
When Aizong reached Guide, the cavalry marshal Pucha Guannu rose in mutiny and killed Left Vice Councillor Li Xi, Participating Councillor Shizhan Nuluhuan, and more than three hundred officials in their train.
倉皇之際，哀宗不得已，以官奴權參知政事，既為所制，含恨欲誅之未能也。
In the crisis Aizong had no choice but to make Guannu acting participating councillor. Once he was under Guannu's control, he nursed hatred and wished to kill him but could not.
官奴自亳還，哀宗禦臨漪亭，召參政張天綱及官奴議事。
When Guannu returned from Bo, Aizong held audience at the Yi Pavilion and summoned Participating Councillor Zhang Tiangang and Guannu to discuss affairs.
及蔡城破，哀宗自縊于幽蘭軒，珪與完顏斜烈、焦春和等皆從死。
When Cai city fell, Aizong hanged himself in the Youlan Pavilion. Gui, Wanyan Xielie, Jiao Chunhe, and others died with him.
及哀宗自蒲城走歸德，道次民家，守恆進櫛，曰：「願陛下還宮之日無忘此草廬中，更加儉素，以濟大業。」
When Aizong fled from Pucheng toward Guide and lodged at a farmer's house along the road, Shouheng brought him a comb and said, "When Your Majesty returns to the palace, do not forget this thatched hut. Be still more frugal and plain, that the great enterprise may yet be saved."
哀宗至蔡州，右丞完顏仲德薦其術。
When Emperor Aizong reached Cai Prefecture, Right Vice Councillor Wanyan Zhongde recommended his arts.
聞者悚然奪氣，哀宗惟嗟歎良久，不以此罪。
Those who heard him were stricken and lost heart. Aizong only sighed for a long while and did not punish him.
末帝問曰：「解圍當在何日？」
The Last Emperor asked, "When will the siege be lifted?"
正大間，遊京兆，行省完顏合達愛其術，與俱至汴京，薦于哀宗。
During Zhengda he traveled in the Jingzhao region. The regional commander Wanyan Hedai admired his arts, accompanied him to Bianjing, and recommended him to Emperor Aizong.