Du Hongjian (杜鴻漸)

Overview

Du Hongjian was a Military Governor.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Cultured and Lawful	文憲	Wenxian

Life and dates

Death

AD 769 四年十一月
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 205
AD 765 to AD 769 宰臣杜鴻漸卒
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 125
AD 769 宰臣杜鴻漸卒
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 117

Attested activity

AD 768 三年八月
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 203-204
AD 762 二聖晏駕
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 190
AD 757 兩京平
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 185-188
AD 755 to AD 769 列傳標目杜鴻漸
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 1
AD 756 勸進
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 92
AD 769 四年十一月
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 205-206, 210

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AD 767 大曆二年
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 200-202
AD 766 to AD 768 大歷初
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 119, passage 67
AD 755 to AD 756 天寶末
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 167
AD 765 to AD 769 宰臣杜鴻漸卒
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 125
AD 769 宰臣杜鴻漸卒
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 117, passages 117, 125
AD 766 寧入朝前（杜鴻漸表刺）
Strongly inferred · New Book of Tang 144, passage 190
AD 756 幸靈武
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 141, passage 77
AD 764 廣德二年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 191
AD 766 明年
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 144, passage 132
AD 766 明年二月
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 194-199
AD 758 to AD 759 歲餘
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 189
AD 756 肅宗北幸
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 130, passage 54
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 169, 173-174, 178-180, 183
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54
AD 756 肅宗即位前勸進
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 100, 105, 109
AD 756 肅宗在靈武
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 189
AD 757 至德二年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 184

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Du Shenxing (杜慎行)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 164
Kin of Du Xian (杜暹)
clansman 族子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 163
Child of Du Pengju (杜鵬舉)
father 父
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 165

Kinship Role sons · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 210

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Tang official and grand councilor 唐朝官員、宰相
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 169, 191
deputy commander of Henan, Huaixi, and Shannan East 河南、淮西、山南東道副元帥
AD 768 三年八月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 203
guardian of the eastern capital 東都留守
AD 768 三年八月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 203
military governor of Jingnan 荊南節度使
AD 757 兩京平 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 185
grand councilor 同中書門下平章事
AD 764 廣德二年 · Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 廣德二年 · Western Year: AD 764
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 191
vice-minister of war 兵部侍郎
AD 764 廣德二年 · Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 廣德二年 · Western Year: AD 764
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 191

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Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Shanxi, Jiannan, Qiongnan and other circuits 山西劍南邛南等道副元帥
AD 766 明年 · Appointed
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 132
Military Governor of Jiannan West 劍南西川節度使
AD 766 明年 · Appointed
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 132
deputy commander of the Shan and Jian armies 山、劍副元帥
AD 766 明年二月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 194
military governor of Jiannan West 劍南西川節度使
AD 766 明年二月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 194
commissioner of ritual 禮儀使
AD 758 to AD 759 歲餘 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 189
director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices 太常卿
AD 758 to AD 759 歲餘 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 189
right vice-director of the Department of State Affairs 尚書右丞
AD 758 to AD 759 歲餘 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 189
vice-minister of personnel 吏部侍郎
AD 758 to AD 759 歲餘 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 189
director in the Ministry of War with charge of secretariat drafting 兵部郎中，知中書舍人事
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 183
military governor of Hexi 河西節度使
AD 757 至德二年 · Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 至德二年 · Western Year: AD 757
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 184
protector-general of Liang 涼州都督
AD 757 至德二年 · Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 至德二年 · Western Year: AD 757
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 184
deputy commissioner for supplies 支度副使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 167
judicial reviewer in the Court of Judicial Review 大理司直
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 167
rear commissioner of Shuofang 朔方留後
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 167
staff officer in a princely household 王府參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 166
censor-in-chief 御史大夫
AD 757 至德二年 · Held concurrently · From Source Date: Text: 至德二年 · Western Year: AD 757
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 184
Chief Minister 宰臣
AD 766 to AD 768 大歷初 · Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 119, passage 67
chief minister 宰相
AD 766 明年二月 · Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 194
acting commissioner of Shuofang 朔方留後
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54; Old Book of Tang 130, passage 54
chief minister 宰相
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 132
chief minister 宰臣
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 125; Old Book of Tang 117, passage 117
deputy commander of Shannan 山南副元帥
Relinquished
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 202
grand councilor 平章事
AD 768 三年八月 · Retained
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 203
chief administrator of the Jingzhou metropolitan prefecture 荊州大都督府長史
AD 757 兩京平 · Transferred
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 185
vice-director of the secretariat 中書侍郎
AD 764 廣德二年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 191
vice-minister of war 武部侍郎
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Transferred
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 183
vice-director of the chancellery 門下侍郎
Transferred
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 202
Duke of Wei 衛國公
AD 762 二聖晏駕 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 190
Grand Master of Splendid Blessing 光祿大夫
AD 762 二聖晏駕 · Granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 190
Grand Marshal 太尉
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 205
Duke of Wei 衛國公
AD 762 二聖晏駕 · Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 190
Granted
Retirement
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 204
Suffered
Illness
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 204

Places and affiliations

Tang 唐
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 119, passage 67
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Active in
Strongly inferred · New Book of Tang 144, passage 132
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 1
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 166-167, 169, 183, 191, 194, 200, 202; Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54; New Book of Tang 144, passage 190
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 100; Old Book of Tang 117, passage 92
AD 757 兩京平
At Jing Prefecture 荊州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 185

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AD 757 to AD 758 兩京平後、歲餘之前
At Jing Prefecture 荊州 · Relation Fled from
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 187
AD 766 明年二月
At Chengdu 成都 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 196
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
At Baicao Station 白草頓 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 174
AD 757 至德二年
At Hexi 河西 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 184
AD 757 至德二年
At Liang Prefecture 涼州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 184
At Changxing Ward 長興裏 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 207
At Shuofang 朔方 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 167; Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54

Learning and skills

Earned
Credential Presented Scholar (jinshi) 進士
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 166
Belief Buddhism 浮圖道 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 195, 225
Belief Chan Buddhism 禪理 · Relation Aspired to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 208
Skill imperial and court ritual 帝王陳布之儀、君臣朝見之禮 · Level versed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 179

Works and attributed material

Chan-themed poem 賦詩
Relation Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 208
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
Memorial · Author · With Suzong (肅宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 178
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
Memorial · Author · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 173
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 180-182
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Suzong (肅宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 174-176
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 169-172

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Advice · Addressee · Direct quotation
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passages 133-134
confirmed Cui Han as acting military commissioner of western Shu
Memorial · Author · With Cui Han (崔旰)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 199
yielded Jiannan control to Cui Han
Memorial · Author · With Cui Han (崔旰)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 196
Memorial · Author · With Li Han (李涵)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54
petitioned for retirement because of illness
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 204
Narrative · Subject · Silent true
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passages 137-138
Oral counsel · Speaker · With Emperor Suzong (肅宗) · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Du Hongjian (杜鴻漸)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passages 92-94, 97-100
I have long wished to follow the way of Chan; how could I drink from the source of transformation? 常願追禪理，安能挹化源。
Poem · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 208
Speech · Speaker · With Suzong (肅宗) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 100-102, 105-108
ordered sons to bury him in a Buddhist pagoda without mound or trees
Testament · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 210

Events and relationships

Abandoned city and fled
AD 757 to AD 758 兩京平後、歲餘之前 · Flight · Fugitive · At Jing Prefecture 荊州
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 187-188
Brought to audience
Political · Escort · With Cui Han (崔旰)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 201
Co drafted Shuofang forces and stores memorial with Li Han
Political · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54
Conferred
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Deliberation · Leader · With Wei Shaoyou (魏少遊), Cui Yi (崔漪), Lu Jianjin (盧簡金), Li Han (李涵)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 169
Court mourning three days
Ritual · Honoree
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 206
Drafted
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Memorial · Author · With Li Han (李涵)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 173

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Entered Chengdu and entrusted affairs
Political · Actor · With Cui Ning (崔寧) · At Chengdu 成都
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 136
Had monks shave head
Religious · Recipient
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 210
Isolated and ineffective
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 197
Memorialized appointments
Political · Recommender · With Bo Zhenjie (柏貞節)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 137
Memorialized Zilin as prefect
Appointment · Recommender · With Yang Zilin (楊子琳)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 190
Met and advised
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Audience · Advisor · With Suzong (肅宗) · At Baicao Station 白草頓
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 174
Ordered Buddhist pagoda burial
Ritual · Deceased
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 210
Prepared enthronement rites
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Ritual · Arranger
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 179-182
Recalled to capital
AD 767 大曆二年 · Political · Actor
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 200
Recommended
Political · Recommender · With Cui Ning (崔寧)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 138
Requested return to court
Political · Actor
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 199
Returned to government
Political · Actor
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 202
Sent to suppress
AD 766 明年二月 · Military · Commander · At Shu 蜀
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 194
Supervised funeral rites
AD 762 二聖晏駕 · Ritual · Supervisor · With Suzong (肅宗), Xuanzong (玄宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 190
Urged accession
AD 756 勸進 · Political · Persuader · With Emperor Suzong (肅宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passages 92, 97, 101
Urged accession
AD 756 肅宗北幸平涼、靈武即位 · Political · Advisor · With Suzong (肅宗) · At Lingwu 靈武
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 178
Urged accession
Political · Persuader · With Suzong (肅宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 100, 105, 109
Welcomed Suzong at Lingwu
Political · Welcomer · With Emperor Suzong (肅宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 119, passage 73
Yielded authority to
Political · Actor · With Cui Han (崔旰) · At Jiannan 劍南
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 196
Relation Recommender of · Person Wei Yuanfu (韋元甫)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 119, passage 67
Relation Colleague of · Person Pei Mian (裴冕)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 178
Relation Succeeded · Person Wang Jin (王縉)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 203
Relation Collaborated with · Person Li Han (李涵)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54

Assessments and attributes

Assessment feared Cui Han's martial power and did not punish him · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 196
Assessment greedy for silk gifts · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 136
Assessment had merit defending the dynasty but was not a fortress against rebellion; accommodating Cui Han was sound policy · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 222-224
Assessment in later years delighted in retirement and quiet entertainment of guests · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 207
Assessment lacked strategic vision; timid; disliked military affairs · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 195
Assessment public opinion mocked his wish to be counted among the clergy · Mode hearsay
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 210

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Assessment quick-witted and studious · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 166
Assessment seeking fortune through Buddhism and currying favor through factions fell short of the gentleman's way · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 225
Item five hundred bolts of goods and five hundred shi of grain 物五百疋，粟五百石 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 206
Item lavish private residence 私第 · Relation Possessed · At Changxing Ward 長興裏
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 207

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passages 1, 163, 169; Old Book of Tang 117, passage 92; Old Book of Tang 126, passage 54; New Book of Tang 144, passages 132, 190; New Book of Tang 172, passage 189
never took up the eastern-capital deputy posts after retirement was granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 204

References in the histories

Search passages

History

38 passages

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 112Volume 108 Biographies 58: Wei Jiansu, Cui Yuan, Cui Huan, Du Hongjian · 21 passages

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杜鴻漸 Du Hongjian

杜鴻漸，故相暹之族子。 Du Hongjian was a kinsman of the former chancellor Du Xian.

鴻漸敏悟好學，舉進士，解褐王府參軍。 Hongjian was quick-witted and studious. He passed the jinshi examination and took his first post as a staff officer in a princely household.

鴻漸與六城水運使魏少遊、節度判官崔漪、支度判官盧簡金、關內鹽池判官李涵謀曰：「今胡羯亂常，二京陷沒，主上南幸於巴蜀，皇太子理兵於平涼。 Hongjian conferred with Wei Shaoyou, commissioner for the Six Cities water transport, military governor's aide Cui Yi, supplies aide Lu Jianjin, and Guannei salt-pond aide Li Han. He said, "The barbarian rebels have thrown the realm into chaos. Both capitals have fallen. The emperor has fled south to Ba-Shu, and the crown prince is gathering troops at Pingliang.

鴻漸即日草箋具陳兵馬招集之勢，錄軍資、器械、倉儲、庫物之數，令李涵賫赴平涼，肅宗大悅。 That same day Hongjian drafted a detailed report on troop strength and listed all military funds, weapons, and stores, sending Li Han to Pingliang with it. Suzong was delighted.

鴻漸知肅宗發平涼，於北界白草頓迎謁，因勞諸使及兵士，進言曰：「朔方天下勁兵，靈州用武之處。 Learning that Suzong had left Pingliang, Hongjian met him at Baicao Station on the northern frontier, thanked the commissioners and troops, and urged, "Shuofang has the finest troops in the empire. Ling Prefecture is the true base for war.

及至靈武，鴻漸與裴冕等勸即皇帝位，以歸中外之望，五上表，乃從。 At Lingwu, Hongjian and Pei Mian urged him to take the throne at once to satisfy the hopes of the court and the realm. After five memorials Suzong finally agreed.

鴻漸素習帝王陳布之儀，君臣朝見之禮，遂采摭舊儀，綿蕝其事。 Hongjian was well versed in imperial ceremony and court ritual. He gathered the old protocols and arranged the enthronement rites in full.

嘉延南襲荊州，鴻漸聞之，棄城而遁。 Jiayan marched south against Jing Prefecture. When Hongjian heard of it he abandoned the city and fled.

澧、朗、硤、歸等州聞鴻漸出奔，皆惶駭，潛竄山谷。 When the prefectures of Li, Lang, Xia, and Gui heard that Hongjian had fled, the people panicked and hid in the hills.

二聖晏駕，鴻漸監護儀制，山陵畢，加光祿大夫，封衛國公。 When both emperors died Hongjian supervised the funeral rites. After the burials were completed he was made Grand Master of Splendid Blessing and created Duke of Wei.

廣德二年，代宗將享郊廟，拜鴻漸兵部侍郎、同中書門下平章事，尋轉中書侍郎。 In Guangde 2, when Daizong was to perform the suburban sacrifices, Hongjian was made vice-minister of war and grand councilor, and soon became vice-director of the secretariat.

明年二月，命鴻漸以宰相兼充山、劍副元帥、劍南西川節度使，以平蜀亂。 The following February he was sent as chief minister and deputy commander of the Shan and Jian armies and military governor of Jiannan West to suppress the rebellion in Shu.

鴻漸心無遠圖，志氣怯懦，又酷好浮圖道，不喜軍戎。 Hongjian lacked strategic vision, was timid by nature, was passionately devoted to Buddhism, and disliked military affairs.

時西戎寇邊，關中多事，鴻漸孤軍陷險，兵威不振，代宗不獲已，從之。 Western tribes were raiding the frontier and Guanzhong was in turmoil. Hongjian's isolated army was in peril and could not prevail. Daizong had no choice but to agree.

大曆二年，詔以旰為成都尹、劍南西川節度使，召鴻漸還京。 In Dali 2 an edict made Han intendant of Chengdu and military governor of Jiannan West and recalled Hongjian to the capital.

鴻漸仍率旰同入覲，代宗嘉之。 Hongjian brought Han to court with him for an audience, and Daizong commended the gesture.

四年十一月卒，贈太尉，謚曰文憲。 He died in the eleventh month of the fourth year and was posthumously made grand marshal with the posthumous title Cultured and Lawful.

鴻漸晚年樂於退靜，私第在長興裏，館宇華靡，賓僚宴集。 In his later years Hongjian enjoyed retirement. His home in Changxing Ward was lavish, and he entertained guests and staff there.

鴻漸悠然賦詩曰：「常願追禪理，安能挹化源。」 Hongjian wrote a poem in a tranquil mood: "I have long wished to follow the way of Chan; how could I drink from the source of transformation?"

鴻漸有衛社之功，非幹城之責，時以任崔旰為非，則不然矣。 Hongjian had merit in defending the dynasty but was not a fortress against rebellion. Some criticized his accommodation of Cui Han, but that judgment is mistaken.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 117Volume 113 Biographies 63: Miao Jingqing, Pei Mian, Pei Zunqing · 4 passages

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冕與杜鴻漸、崔漪等勸進曰：「主上厭勤大位，南幸蜀川，宗社神器，須有所歸，天意人事，不可固違。 Mian, together with Du Hongjian, Cui Yi, and others, urged him to take the throne, saying: 'The emperor has grown weary of rule and gone south to Shu. The altars of state and the imperial regalia must have a lord; Heaven's will and the people's need cannot be defied.

冕與杜鴻漸又進曰：「殿下藉累聖之資，有天下之表。 Mian and Du Hongjian pressed again: 'Your Highness inherits the virtue of generations of sage rulers and bears the countenance of one destined to rule the realm.

會宰臣杜鴻漸卒，載遂舉冕代之。 When Chief Minister Du Hongjian died, Zai recommended Mian to succeed him.

初代鴻漸，小吏以俸錢文簿白之，冕顧子弟，喜見於色，其嗜利若此。 When he first succeeded Du Hongjian, a clerk presented the salary ledger. Mian turned to his sons and brothers with unmistakable delight on his face—such was his love of gain.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 119Volume 115 Biographies 65: Cui Qi, Zhao Guozhen, Cui Guan, Jing Kuo, Wei Yuanfu, Wei Shaoyou, Wei Boyu, Li Cheng · 3 passages

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大歷初，宰臣杜鴻漸首薦之，征為尚書右丞。 Early in the Dali era Chief Minister Du Hongjian first recommended him, and he was summoned as vice director of the right department of the State Chancellery.

會淮南節度使缺，鴻漸又薦堪當重寄，遂授揚州長史、兼御史大夫、淮南節度觀察等使。 When the Huainan command fell vacant, Hongjian again recommended him as fit for grave responsibility, and he was appointed chief administrator of Yangzhou, concurrent censor-in-chief, and Huainan military governor and observation commissioner.

肅宗幸靈武，杜鴻漸等奉迎，留少遊知留後，備宮室掃除之事。 When Suzong went to Lingwu, Du Hongjian and others went out to welcome him; Shaoyou was left behind as acting commissioner to prepare palaces and attend to cleaning.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 130Volume 126 Biographies 76: Li Kui, Li Han, Chen Shaoyou, Lu Yue, Pei Xu · 1 passage

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涵與朔方留後杜鴻漸，草箋具朔方兵馬招集之勢，軍資倉儲庫物之數，鹹推涵宗枝之英，純厚忠信，乃令涵奉箋至平涼謁見。 Han and Du Hongjian, acting commissioner of Shuofang, drafted a memorial detailing the forces being mustered in Shuofang and the stores of grain, arms, and supplies on hand, praising Han as a worthy scion of the imperial house, steadfast and loyal. Han was sent to Pingliang to present it in person.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 141Volume 141 Biographies 66: Cui, Deng, Wei, Wei, Li Han, Lu, Gao · 1 passage

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肅宗幸靈武，杜鴻漸等奉迎，而留少遊繕治宮室。 When Emperor Suzong reached Lingwu, Du Hongjian and others went to welcome him, while Shaoyou was left to repair the palaces.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 144Volume 144 Biographies 69: Lai, Tian, Hou, Cui, Yan · 6 passages

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明年，代宗詔宰相杜鴻漸為山西劍南邛南等道副元帥、劍南西川節度使，往平其亂。 The next year Daizong appointed chief minister Du Hongjian deputy commander over the western circuits and military governor of Jiannan West to suppress the rebellion.

鴻漸出駱谷，或進計曰：「公不如駐閬中，數騰書陳英乂罪，嘉寧方略，因以寧所署刺史即授之，使不疑。 Leaving Luo Valley, an adviser urged, "Hold at Langzhong, denounce Yingyi in repeated memorials, praise Ning's strategy, and confirm the prefects he has appointed so he will trust you.

鴻漸疑未決。 Du Hongjian wavered.

會寧遣使至，獻繒錦數萬，辭卑約甚，鴻漸貪其利，遂入成都，政事一委寧，日與僚屬杜亞、楊炎縱酒高會。 When Ning sent envoys with lavish silks and abject words, Du Hongjian's greed drew him into Chengdu; he handed all affairs to Ning and spent his days feasting with Du Ya and Yang Yan.

鴻漸既還朝，遂為節度使。 When Du Hongjian returned to court, Ning became military governor.

子琳者，本瀘南賊帥，既降，詔隸劍南節度，屯瀘州，杜鴻漸表為刺史。 Zilin had been a bandit chief south of Luzhou. After surrendering, he was placed under Jiannan command and stationed at Luzhou, and Du Hongjian had him appointed prefect.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 172Volume 172 Biographies 97: Yu, Wang, Two Du's, Fan · 2 passages

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杜鴻漸節度河西，奏署幕府。 Du Hongjian, as military governor of Hexi, had him posted to his headquarters staff.

鴻漸為山南、劍南副元帥，亞與楊炎並為判官。 When Hongjian became deputy supreme commander for Shannan and Jiannan, Ya and Yang Yan served jointly as his adjutants.