Chen Ping (陳平) | 24 Histories

Overview

Chen Ping was an Early Han statesman and strategist.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Marquis Xian	獻侯	Xian Hou
Nickname	young Chen	陳孺子	Chen ruzi

Life and dates

Death

BC 178 historical identification
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 70, passage 221
BC 187 to BC 180 以榮名終
Ended his days with an honored name
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
BC 178 孝文帝二年
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 235
丞相陳平薨
Directly stated · Book of Han 5, passage 331

Attested activity

BC 206 to BC 178 early Han allusion
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 157
BC 181 七年…丞相臣平等請尊
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 4, passage 103
BC 200 七年冬
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 93, passage 33
BC 180 丞相平
Directly stated · Book of Han 47, passage 74
BC 186 二年…丞相臣平言
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 4, passage 11
BC 206 to BC 202 傾側擾攘楚魏之閒，卒歸高帝
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 245

Show 54 more source-backed claims

BC 180 八年…丞相平
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 4, passage 44
BC 197 to BC 195 其後
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 154
BC 200 其明年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 145, 153
BC 203 其明年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 103-106
BC 202 卒滅楚
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 107-108
BC 187 to BC 180 呂后時
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
BC 187 to BC 180 呂太后
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 192, 198-200, 204
BC 180 呂太后崩
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 205
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passages 133, 149, 152
BC 204 圍漢王於滎陽城
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 75, 78, 88
BC 189 孝惠帝六年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 174
BC 188 孝惠帝崩
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 187, 189
BC 178 孝文二年
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passage 317
BC 178 孝文帝二年
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 235
BC 179 孝文帝元年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 25
BC 180 孝文帝即位
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 156
BC 210 to BC 206 少時
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 243
BC 221 to BC 210 少時
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 1-2
BC 206 to BC 195 常出奇計
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 246
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 40
BC 207 to BC 206 從入破秦
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 31
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 52
BC 200 故當其有事也，非蕭、曹…
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 99, passage 70
BC 210 to BC 206 方其割肉俎上之時
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 244
BC 206 to BC 202 昔
Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 34, passage 16
BC 200 楚漢
Dated from the passage context · Book of Northern Qi 3, passage 88
BC 205 殷王反楚
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 33-39
BC 204 滎陽
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 89, 101-102
BC 201 漢六年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 109, 112
BC 205 to BC 178 漢楚之際
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 117, passage 142
BC 202 to BC 195 漢興
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 101, passage 129
BC 200 漢興
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 25, passage 105
BC 200 白登之圍
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 42, passage 152
BC 180 立孝文皇帝
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 207-209, 213-214
BC 208 與秦軍相攻於臨濟
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 28-30
BC 209 to BC 178 良、平
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 65, passage 174
BC 202 to BC 178 良、平之策
Strongly inferred · Book of Jin 127, passage 51
BC 209 to BC 178 良、平復出
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 65, passage 295
BC 205 遂與東伐項王。至彭城
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 50-51
BC 205 to BC 178 陳、韓亡命
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 211
BC 205 陳平、韓信之去項羽
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 31, passage 128
c. BC 206 to c. BC 178 陳平
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 70, passages 221, 271
BC 206 to BC 178 陳平
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 166
BC 210 to BC 178 陳平委楚歸漢
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Three Kingdoms 62, passage 155
BC 205 to BC 178 陳平歸漢
Strongly inferred · Book of Southern Qi 30, passage 238
BC 205 to BC 178 陳平祠
Strongly inferred · Book of Later Han 122, passage 16
BC 209 陳涉起
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 27-28
BC 206 項羽之東王彭城也
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 32
BC 180 高后崩…誅諸呂
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 75
BC 180 高后崩
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 57, passages 87-88
BC 195 高帝崩
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 161, 166, 168, 171
BC 206 to BC 180 高帝至呂后
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 101, passage 88
BC 202 to BC 178 高祖時
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 32, passage 2
BC 206 to BC 195 高祖時
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 198, 210

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Spouse of Granddaughter of Zhang Fu (張負女孫)
married 娶 · Marriage · BC 221 to BC 210 少時
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 18-19, 22
Kin of Zhang Zhong (張仲)
father-in-law 妻父 · Through Granddaughter of Zhang Fu (張負女孫)
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 15, 18
Kin of Zhang Fu (張負)
grandfather of his wife 女孫之祖 · 2 generations · Through Granddaughter of Zhang Fu (張負女孫), Zhang Zhong (張仲)
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 15, 18
Ancestor of Hui (恢)
paternal line · 2 generations
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 236-237
Ancestor of Chen Zhang (陳掌)
great-grandson 曾孫 · paternal line · 3 generations
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 242
Ancestor of He (何)
paternal line · 3 generations
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 236-238
Kin of Wife of Bo (伯之婦)
sister-in-law 嫂 · Ended · Through Bo (伯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 6-7
Kin of Sister-in-law of Chen Ping (平嫂)
sister-in-law 嫂 · Through Elder brother of Chen Ping
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 54, 65
Sibling of Bo (伯)
elder brother 兄 · Full siblings · paternal line
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 2
Sibling of Elder brother of Chen Ping
elder brother 兄 · Uncertain siblings · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 54
Parent of Mai (買)
son 子
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 236

Kinship Role descendants · Quantity line later failed to regain the fief
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 241-242

Key source chapters

Career and standing

chancellor 丞相
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 243, 247
Chancellor 宰相
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 227-228
steward of the village sacrificial feast 里中社宰
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 23
strategist recommended as a man of extraordinary stratagem 奇謀之士
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 64
strategist-adviser 謀臣
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 140
student of books 讀書
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 2

Show 40 more source-backed claims

tutor and guide to Emperor Xiaohui 傅教孝惠
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 171
Left Chancellor 左丞相
BC 189 孝惠帝六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 174
chariot companion 參乘
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 47
Commandant 都尉
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 47
overseer of the military guard 典護軍
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 47-48, 57
Commandant Protector of the Army 護軍中尉
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 73
deputy general 亞將
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 52
Commandant 都尉
BC 205 殷王反楚 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 34
Grand Coachman 太仆
BC 208 與秦軍相攻於臨濟 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 29
Palace Counselor 郎中令
BC 195 高帝崩 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 171
sole Chancellor 一丞相
BC 179 陳平專為一丞相 · Became
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 234
Chancellor 丞相
BC 186 二年 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passage 11
Commandant Protector of the Army 護軍中尉
BC 197 to BC 195 其後 · Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 154
Commandant Protector of the Army 護軍中尉
BC 200 其明年 · Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 145
chief chancellor 上相
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時 · Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 137
Right Chancellor 右丞相
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時 · Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 133
Commandant 都尉
BC 205 子之居楚何官 · Held · Polity Chu 楚
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 45-46
Chancellor 丞相
Held
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passage 317; Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 75; Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 243, 247; Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 25
Commandant of the Guard 護軍中尉
Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 93, passage 33
Commandant Protector of the Army 護軍中尉
Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 108
Left/Right Chancellor 左右丞相
Held
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passage 317
Guard Commandant 護軍中尉
BC 200 白登之圍 · Served as
Directly stated · Book of Han 42, passage 152
Right Chancellor 右丞相
BC 187 呂太后乃徙平為右丞相 · Transferred to
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 192
Left Chancellor 左丞相
BC 180 立孝文皇帝 · Transferred to
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 214
general and chancellor under Gaozu 為將相
Directly stated · Book of Han 58, passage 79
Title En Chancellor · Title Zh 丞相
Directly stated · Book of Han 5, passages 4, 299
Confirmed
BC 201 漢六年 · At Huyou 戶牖
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 138
Granted
BC 200 其明年 · At Quni 曲逆
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 153
Granted
BC 203 其明年 · At Huyou township 戶牖鄉
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 106
marquis of thirty thousand households 三萬戶侯
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時 · Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 137
Increased
BC 180 立孝文皇帝 · Amount three thousand households 三千戶
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 215
honored name 榮名
Received
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
Lord of Xinwu 信武君
BC 205 殷王反楚 · Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 33
ministerial rank (qing) 爵卿
BC 207 to BC 206 從入破秦 · Bestowed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 31
Marquis of Quni 曲逆侯
BC 200 其明年 · Granted
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 153
Marquis of Huyou 戶牖侯
BC 201 漢六年 · Granted
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 138
Marquis Xian 獻侯
BC 178 孝文帝二年 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 235
Claimed
Pleaded illness
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 208-209
Described as
Chu deserter in Han service · Mode allegation
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 48
Insisted on remaining
Palace guard
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 170

Places and affiliations

BC 205 平遂至修武降漢
Polity Han 漢 · Relation Surrendered to
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 40
Han 漢
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 25, passage 317
Polity Chu 楚 · Relation Formerly served
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 45-46, 55-56, 67-68
Polity Chu 楚 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 31, 33, 245
Polity Han 漢 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passage 11; Book of Southern Qi 30, passage 238; Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 89, 101, 104, 112, 138, 174, 245; Records of the Grand Historian 97, passages 133, 153
Polity Han 漢 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 65, passage 295; Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 192; Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 166

Show 18 more source-backed claims

Polity Qin 秦 · Relation Lived under
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 1, 31
Polity Wei 魏 · Relation Formerly served
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 55, 66-67
Polity Wei 魏 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 28-29, 245
Polity Western Han 西漢 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 65, passage 174
Polity Western Han 西漢 · Relation Subject of
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 75
At Huyou Township, Yangwu 陽武戶牖鄉
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 1
At Huyou Township 戸牖鄕
Strongly inferred · Book of Later Han 122, passage 16
BC 200 其明年
At Quni 曲逆 · Relation Enfeoffed at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 153
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢
At Xiuwu 修武 · Relation Surrendered at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 40
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武
At Guangwu 廣武 · Relation Encamped at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 52
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武
At Xingyang 滎陽 · Relation Encamped at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 52
BC 205 遂與東伐項王。至彭城
At Pengcheng 彭城 · Relation Campaigned at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 51
At Chu 楚 · Relation Sojourned in
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 245
At Huyou Township 戶牖鄉 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 1
At poor lane outside the city wall 負郭窮巷 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 14
At Wei 魏 · Relation Sojourned in
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 245
At Xingyang 滎陽 · Relation Ordered to garrison
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 167
At Xingyang 滎陽 · Relation Present at
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 101

Learning and skills

reading books 讀書
Activity loved to read
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 2
Subject arts of the Yellow Emperor and Laozi 黃帝、老子之術 · Relation Studied
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 243
Belief teachings of the Yellow Emperor and Laozi 黃帝、老子之術 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 243
Belief the Way / Daoism 道家 · Relation Invoked
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 240
Skill extraordinary stratagems 奇計 · Level renowned
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 147, 155, 246, 248

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Lu Jia (陸生) · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Chen Ping (陳平)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passages 136, 139-140
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Emperor Gaozu (高帝)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124-127, 139, 141
BC 178 孝文二年
Memorial · Author · With Zhou Bo (周勃)
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passages 317-319
BC 178 孝文二年
Speech · Speaker · With Zhou Bo (周勃)
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passages 324-325
Memorial · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passages 11, 103
spread rumors that Zhongli Mei and other Chu generals wished to join Han and destroy the house of Xiang
Proclamation · Author · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 89

Show 8 more source-backed claims

Speech · Speaker · With Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 93, passage 33
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Emperor Wen (孝文皇帝)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 210-212, 221, 223-224, 226-228
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 44, 67-72, 79-87
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Zhou Bo (勃)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 231-232
Speech · Addressee · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 5
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Chen Ping (陳平)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 25
Speech · Subject · Direct quotation · Speaker Wife of Bo (伯之婦) · Mode quotation Speaker Wife of Bo (伯之婦)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 6-7
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 46, 162-163, 189, 240-241

Events and relationships

abolished seizure statutes and mutual-implication law 盡除收律、相坐法
BC 178 孝文二年 · Legal · Official · Abolished
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passage 325
Accepted gold from generals for assignments
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武 · Allegation · Accused · Mode allegation Speaker Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 58, 65, 70
Accompanied the campaign to pacify Zang Tu, King of Yan
BC 202 定燕王臧荼 · Military · Officer · With Zang Tu (臧荼)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 108
Accompanied campaign against King Han Xin of Han
BC 200 其明年 · Military · Officer · With King Han Xin of Han (韓王信) · At Dai 代
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 145
Accompanied campaigns against Chen Xi and Qing Bu
BC 197 to BC 195 其後 · Military · Officer
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 154
Advised arrest
BC 195 為高帝謀執樊噲 · Political · Counselor · With Fan Kuai (樊噲)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 198

Show 70 more source-backed claims

Advised replacement of commander
Political · Planner · With Fan Kuai (樊噲)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 161
Affair with sister in law
BC 210 to BC 208 平居家時 · Allegation · Accused · With Sister-in-law of Chen Ping (平嫂) · Mode allegation Speaker Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 54, 65
Approved enfeoffing Lu kings
Political · Adviser
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 189
Attended village funeral
Ritual · Helper · At Huyou 戶牖
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 12-13
Bestowed servants carriages and cash
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時 · Patronage · Giver · With Lu Jia (陸生)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 152
Brooded in seclusion
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時 · Political · Worried chancellor
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 133
Campaigned east against
BC 205 遂與東伐項王。至彭城 · Military · Companion · With King of Xiang (項王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 50-51
Carved meat at the village altar, already showing far reaching ambitions
Ritual · Participant
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 244
Chose Han
Political · Exemplar · Mode quotation Speaker Yuan Hong (元宏)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 30, passage 238
Counsel rejected
Political · Advisor · With Wei Jiu (魏咎)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 30
Counseled against open attack
BC 201 漢六年 · Political · Adviser · With Emperor Gaozu (高帝)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 112, 118, 120, 122
Crossed Yellow River naked to deter boatman
Travel · Fugitive · At Yellow River 河
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 38-39
Declined credit for enfeoffment
BC 201 漢六年 · Political · Recipient
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 139
Devised six extraordinary stratagems
Political · Strategist
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 155-156
Devoted himself in youth to Huang Lao teachings
Scholarly · Student
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 243
Directed the breakout from Baideng
BC 200 漢七年 · Military · Adviser
Directly stated · Book of Han 42, passages 152-153
Divided sacrificial meat evenly
Ritual · Steward · At village altar 裏中社
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 23-24
Entered the passes, rallied scattered troops, and marched east again
BC 204 滎陽 · Military · Participant · With King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 102
Explained chancellor directs officials not details
Court · Left Chancellor
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 220-221, 223-224, 226-228
Exterminated Lu clan and enthroned Wen
BC 180 呂太后崩 · Political · Plotter · With Zhou Bo (勃)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 205
Extricated himself amid perilous affairs, stabilized the ancestral temples, and ended with an honored name
BC 187 to BC 180 呂后時 · Political · Chancellor
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
Feigned compliance
BC 187 to BC 180 呂太后 · Political · Minister
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 204
Fled after slander
Political · Subject
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 30
Gave five hundred gold as birthday gift
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時 · Diplomatic gift · Giver · With Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 149
Increased indulgence after slander
Personal · Subject
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 199
cited as unable to plan even if returned 良、平復出
Rhetorical allusion · Exemplar · Invoked as if returned
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 65, passage 295
Joined in exterminating Lü clan
Political · Participant
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 75
Joined campaign that destroyed Qin
BC 207 to BC 206 從入破秦 · Military · Follower · With Xiang Yu (項羽)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 31
Lavished gold on double agents in the Chu army and spread rumors against Zhongli Mei and other generals
BC 204 滎陽 · Political · Agent · With Zhongli Mei (鐘離眛)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 89
Left Xiang Yu with a declared break
BC 205 陳平、韓信之去項羽 · Political · Defector · With Xiang Yu (項羽)
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 31, passage 128
Lifted siege via consort of the Chanyu
BC 200 其明年 · Military · Strategist · With Consort of the Chanyu (單于閼氏) · At Pingcheng 平城
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 147
Lived with
Domestic · Resident · With Bo (伯) · At Huyou 戶牖
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 2
Pleaded illness to yield senior post
Political · Minister · With Zhou Bo (勃)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 208
Produced extraordinary stratagems that rescued the state from entanglements and calamities
Political · Strategist
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 246
Proposed counterespionage
BC 204 圍漢王於滎陽城 · Political · Adviser · With King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 78, 85-88
Proposed Yunmeng ruse
BC 201 漢六年 · Political · Adviser · At Chen 陳
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 124-127
Raced ahead after emperor death
Political · Actor
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 166
Recommended Lu Jia as envoy
BC 180 孝文帝即位 · Recommendation · Recommender · With Lu Jia (陸生)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 156
Recommended
Political · Recommender · With Lu Jia (陸賈)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 25
Returned gold and seal and fled
BC 205 殷王反楚 · Political · Subject · With Xiang Yu (項羽)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 36-37
Sent two thousand women out the east gate of Xingyang by night as a decoy, then escaped with the King of Han through the west gate
BC 204 滎陽 · Military · Agent · With King of Han (漢王) · At Xingyang 滎陽
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 101
Shifted between Chu and Wei in turmoil, then joined Gaozu
Political · Defector · With Emperor Gaozu (高帝)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 245
Sought marriage
Personal · Subject · Outcome Wealthy families refused; he disdained poor matches
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 9
Subdued
BC 205 殷王反楚 · Military · Commander · With King of Yin (殷王) · At Yin 殷 · Outcome Forced surrender and returned
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 33
Summoned with tally
Ritual · Envoy · With Fan Kuai (樊噲)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 164
Surrendered to Han
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢 · Surrender · Subject · At Xiuwu 修武
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 40
Trod on the King of Han's foot to check his outburst against the Qi envoys
BC 203 其明年 · Political · Agent · With King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 104
Used extraordinary stratagems that finally destroyed Chu
BC 202 卒滅楚 · Military · Strategist
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 107
Wept and reported before bier
Ritual · Mourner
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 168
BC 205 平遂至修武降漢
Audience · Visitor · With King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 40-45
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武
Rebuke · Recipient · With King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 66
Military · Ordered to garrison · With Guan Ying (灌嬰) · At Xingyang 滎陽
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 167
BC 188 to BC 180 呂太后時
Relation Allied with · Person Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passages 147, 149-151
BC 205 to BC 204 收散兵至滎陽，軍廣武
Relation Subordinate of · Person King Han Xin (韓王信)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 52
Relation Employed by · Person Emperor Gaozu of Han (高祖) · Function strategy
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passage 105
Relation Served · Person Xiang Yu (項羽)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 31, 33
Relation Gave loyalty to · Person Liu Bang (劉邦)
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 34, passage 16
Chen Ping was a surviving minister of Emperor Gaozu.
Person Liu Bang (劉邦) · Type minister
Directly stated · Book of Han 70, passage 271
Relation Co appointee with · Person Guan Ying (灌嬰)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 167
Relation Served under · Person Empress Lü (呂后)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
Relation Colleague of · Person Zhou Bo (周勃)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 161-162
Relation Took leave of · Person Bo (伯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 28
Relation Recommended by · Person Wei Wuzhi (魏無知)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 40, 61
Relation Compared with · Person Shentu Jia (申屠嘉)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 166
Relation Patron of · Person Lu Jia (陸生)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 97, passage 152
Relation Served · Person Wei Jiu (魏咎)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 28-29
Relation Colleague of · Person Zhou Bo (勃)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 205, 208
Relation Yielded senior office to · Person Zhou Bo (勃)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 208, 212
Relation Advisor of · Person King of Han (漢王)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 104-105, 107
Relation Served · Person Emperor Gaozu (高帝)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 245

Assessments and attributes

Assessment a man of wisdom and cunning without whom these achievements would have been impossible · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Grand Historian (太史公)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 248
Assessment already far-reaching in ambition while dividing sacrificial meat · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Grand Historian (太史公)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 244
Assessment began well and ended well · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Grand Historian (太史公)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
Assessment excellent steward · Mode quotation
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 24
反覆亂臣
Assessment faithless-disloyal-minister · Mode allegation Speaker Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 59
美丈夫 / handsome fellow
Assessment handsome · Mode allegation Speaker Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 53

Show 19 more source-backed claims

Assessment never forgets his roots · Mode speech Speaker Emperor Gaozu (高帝)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 143
Assessment original author of the plot to destroy the Lu clan and enthrone Emperor Wen · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 205
如冠玉耳，其中未必有也
Assessment outward-show-without-substance · Mode allegation Speaker Marquis of Jiang (絳侯)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 53
Assessment Pingcheng stratagem kept secret · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 148
Assessment some of six stratagems remained secret · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 156
Assessment tall, imposing, and strikingly handsome · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 4
Assessment too many secret intrigues, which the Way forbids; the line cannot rise again because of hidden calamity · Mode self-report Speaker Chen Ping (陳平)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 240-241
wisdom 知
Assessment wise · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Han 25, passage 328
worthy chancellor 賢相
Assessment worthy chancellor · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Grand Historian (太史公)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 247
handsome (美丈夫)
Physical description
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 53
tall and handsome; appeared well-fed despite poverty
Physical description
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 4-5
BC 204 圍漢王於滎陽城
Item forty thousand catties of gold 黃金四萬斤 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 88
BC 205 殷王反楚
Item twenty yi of gold 金二十溢 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 34
BC 180 立孝文皇帝
Item a thousand catties of gold 金千斤 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 215
Item gold from the generals 諸將金 · Relation Accepted · Mode self-report Speaker Chen Ping (陳平)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 70, 72
Item official seal 印 · Relation Returned
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 37
Item ragged mat used as a door 獘席為門 · Relation Used
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 14
Item shrine to Chen Ping 陳平祠 · Relation Honored at · At Huyou Township 戸牖鄕
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 122, passage 16
Item thirty mu of farmland 田三十畝 · Relation Possessed
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passage 2

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 56, passages 1, 40, 112, 192, 243
Value historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 157

References in the histories

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History

163 passages

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 3Volume 3 Annals 3: Emperor Wenxiang · 1 passage

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昔陳平背楚，歸漢則強，百里出虞，入秦斯霸。 Formerly Chen Ping turned from Chu; returning to Han he became strong. Baili left Yu; entering Qin he became hegemon.

Book of Han, Chapter 1Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 1 · 5 passages

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至脩武，陳平亡楚來降。 He reached Xiuwu. Chen Ping deserted Chu and came to surrender.

又問陳平，乃從其計，與平黃金四萬斤，以間疏楚君臣。 He also asked Chen Ping, then followed his plan, giving Ping 40,000 jin of gold to sow dissension and alienate Chu's ruler and ministers.

陳平反間既行，羽果疑亞父。 Chen Ping's reverse espionage having succeeded, Xiang Yu indeed suspected Prime Minister Fan.

於是陳平夜出女子東門二千餘人，楚因四面擊之。 So Chen Ping at night sent out over 2,000 women through the east gate. Chu then attacked from all four sides.

漢王欲西歸，張良、陳平諫曰：「今漢有天下太半，而諸侯皆附，楚兵罷食盡，此天亡之時，不因其幾而遂取之，所謂養虎自遺患也。」 The King of Han wanted to return west. Zhang Liang and Chen Ping advised him: "Han now possesses more than half the realm, and all the feudal lords have attached themselves to it. Chu's troops are exhausted and its food is gone. This is the moment when Heaven is destroying Chu. If we do not seize this opportunity and take it, that is what is called raising a tiger and leaving disaster for oneself."

Book of Han, Chapter 2Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 2 · 5 passages

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用陳平計，乃偽游雲夢。 Using Chen Ping's plan, he pretended to tour Yunmeng.

遂至平城，為匈奴所圍，七日，用陳平祕計得出。 He arrived at Pingcheng and was surrounded by the Xiongnu for seven days. Using Chen Ping's secret plan, he got out.

王陵可，然少戇，陳平可以助之。 Wang Ling is suitable, but he is somewhat blunt; Chen Ping can assist him.

陳平知有餘，然難獨任。 Chen Ping has more than enough wisdom, but it is difficult to entrust him alone.

陳平、灌嬰將十萬守滎陽，樊噲、周勃將二十萬定燕代，此聞帝崩，諸將皆誅，必連兵還鄉，以攻關中。 Chen Ping and Guan Ying are leading 100,000 men guarding Xingyang, and Fan Kuai and Zhou Bo are leading 200,000 pacifying Yan and Dai. If they hear that the emperor has died and that the generals are all being executed, they will surely join forces and return home to attack Guanzhong.

Book of Han, Chapter 4Volume 3: Annals of Empress Lü Zhi · 6 passages

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丞相臣平言：「謹與絳侯臣勃、曲周侯臣商、潁陰侯臣嬰、安國侯臣陵等議，列侯幸得賜餐錢奉邑，陛下加惠，以功次定朝位，臣請臧高廟。」 Chancellor Chen Ping memorialized: 'I have respectfully deliberated with Bo, Marquis of Jiang; Shang, Marquis of Quzhou; Ying, Marquis of Yingyin; Ling, Marquis of Anguo; and others. The marquises have fortunately received bestowed meal allowances and fief incomes. Your Majesty adds further favor by establishing court positions according to the order of their merits. I request that these rankings be preserved in the Gao Temple.'

丞相臣平等請尊昭靈夫人曰昭靈后，武哀侯曰武哀王，宣夫人曰昭哀后。 Chancellor Chen Ping and the others requested new honors: Lady Zhaoling should become Empress Zhaoling, Marquis Wu'ai should become King Wu'ai, and Lady Xuan should become Empress Zhao'ai.

章欲與太尉勃、丞相平為內應，以誅諸呂。 Zhang wished to coordinate internally with Grand Commandant Zhou Bo and Chancellor Chen Ping to execute the various members of the Lü clan.

太尉勃與丞相平謀，以曲周侯酈商子寄與祿善，使人劫商令寄紿說祿曰：「高帝與呂后共定天下，劉氏所立九王，呂氏所立三王，皆大臣之議。 Grand Commandant Zhou Bo and Chancellor Chen Ping plotted together. Since Marquis of Quzhou Li Shang's son Ji was on good terms with Lü Lu, they sent men to seize Shang and have Ji deceive and persuade Lü Lu, saying: 'Emperor Gaozu and Empress Lü together settled the realm. The Liu clan established nine kings and the Lü clan established three kings—all were matters deliberated by the ministers.

平陽侯窋聞其語，馳告丞相平、太尉勃。 Pingyang Marquis Kui heard their conversation and galloped to inform Chancellor Chen Ping and Grand Commandant Zhou Bo.

然尚有南軍，丞相平召朱虛侯章佐勃。 However, the Southern Army still remained. Chancellor Chen Ping summoned Zhu Xu Marquis Zhang to assist Zhou Bo.

Book of Han, Chapter 5Volume 4: Annals of Emperor Wen · 6 passages

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丞相陳平、太尉周勃、朱虛侯劉章等共誅之，謀立代王。 Chancellor Chen Ping, Grand Commandant Zhou Bo, the Marquis of Zhuxu Liu Zhang, and others joined together to execute the Lü clan and plotted to establish the King of Dai on the throne.

群臣從至，上議曰：「丞相臣平、太尉臣勃、大將軍臣武、御史大夫臣蒼、宗正臣郢、朱虛侯臣章、東牟侯臣興居、典客臣揭再拜言大王足下：子弘等皆非孝惠皇帝子，不當奉宗廟。 The ministers followed and arrived. The court deliberated, saying: "Chancellor Chen Ping, Grand Commandant Zhou Bo, General-in-Chief Chai Wu, Grandee Secretary Zhang Cang, Director of the Imperial Clan Liu Ying, Marquis Zhu Xu Liu Zhang, Marquis Dong Mou Liu Xingju, and Court Receptionist Liu Jie bowed twice and addressed Your Majesty: Zi Hong and the others are not sons of Emperor Xiaohui and should not serve at the ancestral temple.

丞相平等皆曰：「臣伏計之，大王奉高祖宗廟最宜稱，雖天下諸侯萬民皆以為宜。 Chancellor Ping and the others said: "We ministers have considered this carefully. Your Majesty is most fitting and worthy to serve at Emperor Gao's ancestral temple, and the feudal lords and people throughout the realm all agree.

呂產欲為不善，丞相平與太尉勃等謀奪產等軍。 Lü Chan intended to do evil, and Chancellor Ping and Grand Commandant Bo and others plotted to seize the armies of Chan and his associates.

丞相平、將軍嬰邑各三千戶，金二千斤。 Chancellor Ping and General Ying each received a fief of three thousand households and two thousand jin of gold.

二年冬十月，丞相陳平薨。 In the tenth month of winter of the second year, Chancellor Chen Ping died.

Book of Han, Chapter 25Volume 23: Treatise on Punishment and Law · 4 passages

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任蕭、曹之文，用良、平之謀，騁陸、酈之辯，明叔孫通之儀，文武相配，大略舉焉。 Gaozu employed Xiao He and Cao Shen in civil administration, used Zhang Liang and Chen Ping for strategy, gave free rein to Lu Jia and Li Yiji in persuasion, and established Shusun Tong’s ceremonial system; civil and military complemented each other, and the broad program was realized.

左右丞相周勃、陳平奏言：「父母妻子同產相坐及收，所以累其心，使重犯法也。 The left and right chancellors, Zhou Bo and Chen Ping, memorialized: "Implicating and seizing parents, wives, children, and siblings is meant to burden people's minds and make them take the violation of law seriously.

平、勃乃曰：「陛下幸加大惠於天下，使有罪不收，無罪不相坐，甚盛德，臣等所不及也。 Chen Ping and Zhou Bo then said: "Your Majesty has graciously extended great favor to the realm, so that the guilty are not seized and the innocent are not implicated. This is exceedingly great virtue, beyond what your servants can match.

夫以孝文之仁，平、勃之知，猶有過刑謬論如此甚也，而況庸材溺於末流者乎？ If even with Emperor Wen's benevolence and the wisdom of Chen Ping and Zhou Bo, errors about excessive punishment could be this severe, how much more so with mediocre talents submerged in the later current?

Book of Han, Chapter 42Volume 33: Wei Bao, Tian Dan and Hán Xin (King of Han) · 1 passage

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護軍中尉陳平言上曰：「胡者全兵，請令彊弩傅兩矢外鄉，徐行出圍。」 Guard Commandant Chen Ping told the emperor, "The Hu army is still at full strength. Order the strong crossbowmen to fit two arrows each and face outward, and withdraw slowly from the encirclement."

Book of Han, Chapter 47Volume 38: The Five Sons of Emperor Gao · 1 passage

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呂祿、呂產欲作亂，朱虛侯章與太尉勃、丞相平等誅之。 When Lü Lu and Lü Chan moved toward open revolt, Liu Zhang joined Zhou Bo, Chen Ping, and the loyal ministers in cutting them down.

Book of Han, Chapter 51Volume 42: Zhang, Zhou, Zhao, Ren and Shentu · 1 passage

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申屠嘉可謂剛毅守節，然無術學，殆與蕭、曹、陳平異矣。 Shentu Jia was resolute and held fast to principle, but he lacked the strategic breadth of learning that set Xiao He, Cao Shen, and Chen Ping apart.

Book of Han, Chapter 58Volume 49: Yuan Ang and Chao Cuo · 2 passages

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盎即起說曰：「君為相，自度孰與陳平、絳侯？」 Yuan Ang rose and said: "You sit as chancellor—how do you rank yourself beside Chen Ping and the Marquis of Jiang?"

夫陳平、絳侯輔翼高帝，定天下，為將相，而誅諸呂，存劉氏； Chen Ping and the Marquis of Jiang raised Gaozu, won the empire, served as general and chancellor, extirpated the Lü, and saved the Liu line;

Book of Han, Chapter 70Volume 60: Du Zhou · 2 passages

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車騎將軍安世、丞相楊敞功比丞相陳平； Cavalry General Zhang Anshi and Chancellor Yang Chang were ranked with Chancellor Chen Ping;

昔諸呂欲危劉氏，賴有高祖遺臣周勃、陳平尚存，不者，幾為奸臣笑。」 In the past, when the Lü clan sought to endanger the Liu house, survival depended on the continued presence of the High Emperor's old ministers, Zhou Bo and Chen Ping. Without them, the dynasty would almost have become a laughingstock for treacherous ministers."

Book of Han, Chapter 96Volume 85: Gu Yong and Du Ye · 1 passage

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昔文侯寤大鴈之獻而父子益親，陳平共壹飯之篹而將相加驩，所接雖在楹階俎豆之間，其於為國折衝厭難，豈不遠哉！ Duke Wen of Wei woke to the gift of a great goose and father and son grew closer; Chen Ping shared one basket of rice and chancellor and general grew joyful—though contact was only at pillars and ritual vessels, how far was it not for breaking enemy strength and quelling hardship!

Book of Han, Chapter 99Volume 87b: Yang Xiong 2 · 2 passages

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故當其有事也，非蕭、曹、子房、平、勃、樊、霍則不能安； When trouble came, only Xiao He, Cao Shen, Zhang Liang, Chen Ping, Zhou Bo, Fan Kuai, and Huo Guang could set it right.

夫蕭規曹隨，留侯畫策，陳平出奇，功若泰山，向若□隤，唯其人之贍知哉，亦會其時之可為也。 Xiao He drew the blueprint, Cao Shen kept to it; Zhang Liang plotted, Chen Ping surprised—merit steady as Taishan, effect like an avalanche. Credit their genius, yes, but credit the age that let them act.

Book of Han, Chapter 101Volume 89: Upright Officials · 1 passage

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昔陳平雖賢，須魏無知而後進； Chen Ping was a capable man, yet he advanced only after Wei Wuzhi had recommended him;

Book of Han, Chapter 117Volume 100a: Afterword and Family History 1 · 1 passage

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舉韓信於行陳，收陳平於亡命，英雄陳力，群策畢舉：此高祖之大略，所以成帝業也。 He pulled Han Xin from the ranks, rescued Chen Ping from flight, and let every able man lend strength until the imperial work was done.

Book of Later Han, Chapter 32Volume 28b: Biography of Feng Yan · 1 passage

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臣伏念高祖之略而陳平之謀，毀之則疏，譽之則親。 I reflect on how Gaozu's strategic insight and Chen Ping's counsel worked: speak ill of them and you are pushed aside; speak well of them and you are drawn close.

Book of Later Han, Chapter 34Volume 30a: Biographies of Su Jing; Yang Hou · 1 passage

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昔智果見智伯窮兵必亡，故變名遠逝，陳平知項王為天所棄，故歸心高祖，皆智之至也。 Zhiguo saw Zhibo’s warmongering would destroy him and fled under an altered name; Chen Ping knew Xiang Yu was heaven-forsaken and gave his loyalty to Gaozu—both reached the height of discernment.

Book of Later Han, Chapter 122Volume 111: Commanderies and States Part Three · 1 passage

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〖東昬〗陳留志曰：「故戸牖鄕有陳平祠。」 Donghun: The Chenliu zhi says, “In former Huyou Township there was a shrine to Chen Ping.”

Book of Jin, Chapter 127Volume 12 Records 27: Murong De · 1 passage

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德曰：「韓別駕之言，良、平之策也。」 Murong De said: “Adjutant Han Fan’s words are a strategy worthy of Zhang Liang and Chen Ping.”

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 18Volume 18 Book of Later Liang 18: Biographies 8: Zhang Wenyu, Xue Yiju, Zhang Ce, Du Xiao, Jing Xiang, Li Zhen · 1 passage

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縱良、平復生，難以轉禍為福，請先死，不忍見宗廟隕墜。」 Even Zhang Liang and Chen Ping reborn could not turn this ruin to blessing; let me die first—I cannot watch the ancestral temples fall."

Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 30Volume 30 Biographies 11: Xue Yuan, Dai Sengjing, Huan Kang, Jiao Du, Cao Hu · 1 passage

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卿進無陳平歸漢之智，退闕關羽殉節之忠，嬰閉窮城，憂頓長沔，機勇兩缺，何其嗟哉。 You have not Chen Ping's wit in choosing the winning side, nor Guan Yu's loyalty unto death. You cage yourself in a lost town and drag out your days on the long Mian—cunning and nerve both spent. What waste!

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 31Volume 31: Book of Shu 1: Biographies of the Two Governor Lius · 1 passage

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劉先之說劉表，退不告絕奔亡，若陳平、韓信之去項羽，而兩端攜貳，為謀不忠，罪之次也。〉〔Liu Xian〕 in counseling Liu Biao, or on retreating failed to announce a clean break before fleeing, as Chen Ping and Han Xin had done when they left Xiang Yu—yet they played both sides; such disloyal scheming is the lesser crime.

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 41Volume 41: Book of Shu 11: Biographies of Huo, Wang, Xiang, Zhang, Yang, and Fei · 1 passage

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昔蕭、曹與高祖少小親舊，而陳、韓亡命後主，論其班列，韓最居上，未聞蕭、曹以此為怨。 Xiao He and Cao Shen had grown up with Gaozu, while Chen Ping and Han Xin arrived as fugitives, yet Han Xin ranked above them in court order without rousing Xiao’s or Cao’s resentment.

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 62Volume 62: Book of Wu 17: Biographies of Shi Yi and Hu Zong · 2 passages