Chen Fu'en (陳孚恩) | 24 Histories

Overview

Chen Fu'en was an official.

PeriodQing

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Zihe	子鶴	Zǐhè

Life and dates

Death

AD 1866 同治五年
At Yili 伊犁 · died in the fighting 殉難
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 114

Attested activity

AD 1857 七年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 98
AD 1850 三十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 91
AD 1853 三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 95
AD 1853 三年正月
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 399, passage 152
AD 1847 二十七年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 85
AD 1849 二十九年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 89

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AD 1858 八年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 99
AD 1866 同治五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 114
AD 1852 咸豐二年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 375, passages 173, 176; Draft History of Qing 399, passages 142, 144
AD 1851 咸豐元年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 94
AD 1861 咸豐十一年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 394, passage 183
AD 1860 咸豐十年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 133, passages 94, 96
AD 1846 道光二十六年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 389, passage 11
AD 1825 道光五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 81

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Ancestor of Xiaolian (小連)
grandson 孫 · 2 generations · Through Jinghe (景和)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 114
Kin of Xu (徐)
daughter-in-law 媳 · Through Jinghe (景和)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 114
Spouse of Huang (黃)
concubine 妾
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 114
Child of Mother of Chen Fuen
mother 母
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 93
Parent of Jingyan (景彥)
son 子
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 102
Parent of Jinghe (景和)
son 子
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 114

Key source chapters

Career and standing

minister of personnel 吏部尚書
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 103
minister of war 兵部尚書
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 101
minister (retired, in native place) 在籍尚書
AD 1852 咸豐二年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 399, passage 144
Minister 尚書
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 94
Upright and Good Minister 清正良臣
Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 88
Banished to Xinjiang
Exile
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 112

Show 1 more source-backed claim

Impeached
AD 1853 三年正月 · Impeachment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 399, passage 152

Places and affiliations

Qing 清
Relation Lived under
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 375, passage 173
Qing 清
Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 94
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 80; Draft History of Qing 399, passage 144
At Xincheng, Jiangxi 江西新城
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 80

Learning and skills

Earned
AD 1825 道光五年 · Credential selected tribute student 拔貢
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 81

Works and attributed material

eight militia regulations 團練事宜八條
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passages 94, 96
Speech · Speaker · About brazier mockery
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 375, passage 175
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passages 94-95
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 106

Events and relationships

Held Nanchang
AD 1853 三年 · Military · Defender
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passages 95-96
Organized defenses
AD 1852 咸豐二年 · Military · Defense organizer · With Zhang Fei (張芾) · At Changsha 長沙
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 399, passage 144
Relation Rival of · Person He Rulin (何汝霖)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 375, passages 173, 175-176

Assessments and attributes

Assessment craven and changeable; fitting exile · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 123
Item bestowed plaque 賜匾額 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 387, passage 88

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 399, passage 144

References in the histories

Search passages

History

26 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 133Volume 133 Treatises 108: Military 4, Local Militia · 2 passages

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同時尚書陳孚恩等以江西毗連安徽、浙江、廣東等省，疏請辦理團練，酌保辦事人員，並擬團練事宜八條。 At the same time, Minister Chen Fu'en noted that Jiangxi bordered Anhui, Zhejiang, and Guangdong, and memorialized for militia organization, recommending personnel and proposing eight regulations.

命在籍翰林院修撰劉繹為江西督辦團練大臣，吉南贛寧道沈葆楨、甘肅安肅道劉於潯幫辦團練事宜，按照陳孚恩等所擬章程，妥為辦理。 Hanlin Academy Compiler Liu Yi, on home leave, was appointed to oversee Jiangxi militia, with Shen Baozhen of the Ji'an-Nan'an-Ganzhou Circuit and Liu Yuxun of the Gansu Anxi-Suzhou Circuit assisting under Chen Fu'en's regulations.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 375Volume 375 Biographies 162: Bai Rong, Sun Huan, Shi Zhiyan, Na Qingan, Sheng Yin, Li Zongfang, Yao Yuanzhi, He Rulin, Ji Zhichang, Lie Chuan · 2 passages

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汝霖久襄樞務，資勞己深，尚書陳孚恩由章京躋大臣，駸用事，厭汝霖居其前。 Rulin had long served in Grand Council affairs and his seniority and merit were deep. Minister Chen Fu'en had risen from clerk to minister, gradually wielded power, and resented Rulin ranking above him.

孚恩笑曰：「人當避爐，爐豈能避人？」 Fu'en laughed and said: "People should avoid the brazier—can the brazier avoid people?"

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 387Volume 387 Biographies 174: Zong Shisushun, Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Jiao Youying, Chen Fuen · 18 passages

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陳孚恩，字子鶴，江西新城人。 Chen Fuen, whose style was Zihe, was a native of Xincheng in Jiangxi.

文宗召對，孚恩與怡親王載垣等爭論於上前，載垣等以失儀自劾，詔原其小節，予薄譴，而斥孚恩乖謬，降三級留任。 Emperor Xianfeng called them for audience; Fuen disputed with Prince Yi Zaiyuan and others before the throne. Zaiyuan and the rest impeached themselves for impropriety; an edict pardoned their minor faults with light censure but condemned Fuen as wrongheaded and demoted him three ranks while keeping him in post.

孚恩尋以母老乞養回籍，允之。 Fuen soon asked to retire and return home because his mother was elderly; the request was granted.

三年，九江陷，巡撫張芾出督師，孚恩與司道守省城，既而賊由安徽回竄上游，命偕芾籌防。 In 1853 Jiujiang fell; Governor Zhang Fei went out to command troops while Fuen with the provincial officials held Nanchang. When rebels from Anhui raided upriver again, he was ordered with Fei to organize defense.

賊犯南昌，孚恩偕芾固守，江忠源援師至，力戰，相持九十餘日，賊始引去。 When rebels attacked Nanchang, Fuen and Fei held the city. Jiang Zhongyuan's relief force arrived and fought hard; after more than ninety days the rebels finally withdrew.

八年，御史錢桂森疏言：「孚恩才練識明，在外數年，多所閱歷，儻仍入直樞廷，或使治洋務，必能有濟。」 In 1858 Censor Qian Guisen memorialized: "Fuen is capable and discerning; after years in the provinces he has gained wide experience; if he were again admitted to the Grand Council or put in charge of foreign affairs, he would surely prove useful."

久之，命孚恩以頭品頂戴署兵部侍郎，又署禮部尚書，授兵部尚書。 After some time he was ordered to act as vice minister of war with a first-class hat button, then to act as minister of rites, and was appointed full minister of war.

會鞫順天鄉試關節獄，牽涉其子景彥，自請嚴議，並迴避，得旨，褫景彥職，除涉景彥者仍責會訊，僅議失察降一級，準抵銷。 During trial of the Shuntian examination bribery case his son Jingyan was implicated; Fuen asked for strict punishment of himself and recused himself from the case. By edict Jingyan was dismissed; others tied to Jingyan were still required to testify, while Fuen was judged only for lax oversight, demoted one rank with permission to offset the penalty.

初，孚恩以議禮忤載垣、端華、肅順等，及再起，乃暱附諸人冀固位。 Fuen had first clashed with Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun over court ritual; when he returned to office he courted them in hopes of holding his place.

肅順等既敗，少詹事許彭壽疏請治黨援，論形跡最著莫如孚恩，最密莫如侍郎劉昆、黃宗漢，平日所薦舉者，則有侍郎成琦、太僕寺少卿德克津太、候補京堂富績等，於是諸臣盡黜。 After Sushun's fall, Junior Mentor Xu Pengshou memorialized to punish their clique. He named Fuen the most conspicuous associate, Liu Kun and Huang Zonghan the closest confidants, and among Fuen's usual recommendations Cheng Qi, Deke Jintai, and Fuji; all were dismissed.

詔謂：「孚恩當大行皇帝行幸熱河，命諸臣議可否，孚恩有'竊負而逃，遵海濱而處'之語，意在迎合載垣等。 The edict declared: "When the late emperor fled to Rehe, ministers were asked whether the move was wise; Fuen quoted 'carrying one's burden and fleeing to dwell by the sea,' plainly to please Zaiyuan and his party.

大行皇帝上賓，留京諸大臣中獨召孚恩一人赴行在，足證為載垣等心腹。 When the late emperor died, Fuen alone among ministers left in Beijing was summoned to Rehe—proof enough that he was Zaiyuan's trusted man.

時廷臣議郊壇配位，孚恩言：「前議宣宗配位時，大行皇帝有定為三祖六宗之諭，出於大學士杜受田所擬，非大行皇帝意。」 At the same time the court debated imperial worship at the suburban altar. Fuen said: "When the former debate on matching Xuanzong was settled, the late emperor had an edict fixing three ancestors and six founders; this came from Grand Secretary Du Shoutian's draft, not the late emperor's own intent."

詔斥孚恩謬妄，又以籍肅順家得孚恩私書，有暗昧不明語，乃逮孚恩下獄，籍其家，追繳宣宗賜額，遣戍新疆。 An edict condemned Fuen as reckless; private letters of his with suspicious wording turned up in the search of Sushun's house. Fuen was jailed, his property seized, Daoguang's gift plaque reclaimed, and he was exiled to Xinjiang.

居數年，伊犁被兵，將軍常清等奏孚恩籌餉治軍有勞，命免戍，留助理兵餉。 After several years, when Yili came under attack, General Chang Qing and others reported Fuen's service in raising funds and organizing troops; he was spared further exile and kept to help with military supplies.

同治五年，伊犁陷，孚恩及妾黃、子景和、媳徐、孫小連同殉難。 In 1866 Yili fell; Fuen, his concubine Huang, his son Jinghe, his daughter-in-law Xu, and his grandson Xiaolian all perished together in the fighting.

事聞，但卹其家屬，孚恩不與焉。 When word reached court, only his kin received posthumous honors; Fuen himself was excluded.

如陳孚恩者，鄙夫患失，反覆靡常，淪絕域而不返，宜哉。 Men like Chen Fuen—craven in their fear of losing office, shifting with every wind, lost in exile beyond the frontier—met a fate that suited them.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 389Volume 389 Biographies 176: Bai Jun, Lin Kui, Rui Chang, Quan Qing · 1 passage

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尋偕倉場侍郎陳孚恩盤查山東籓庫，劾布政使王篤濫用幕友及地方官縱盜，巡撫崇恩以下議譴有差。 He soon joined Granary Vice Minister Chen Fu'en in auditing Shandong's provincial treasury, impeaching Administration Commissioner Wang Du for misusing private secretaries and local officials for tolerating bandits; Governor Chong'en and others were censured in varying degrees.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 394Volume 394 Biographies 181: Xu Guangjin, Ye Mingchen, Huang Zonghan · 1 passage

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少詹事許彭壽疏劾宗漢與陳孚恩、劉昆並黨肅順等，踪跡最密。 Junior Mentor Xu Pengshou impeached Zonghan along with Chen Fu'en and Liu Kun as close associates of Sushun's faction.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 399Volume 399 Biographies 186: Lv Xianji, Zou Minghe, Dai Xi, Tang Yifen, Zhang Fei, Huang Cong, Tao Tingjie, Feng Peiyuan, Sun Mingen, Shen Bingyuan, Zhang Xigeng · 2 passages

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時粵匪方圍長沙，詔芾偕在籍尚書陳孚恩籌防。 At the time Guangdong rebels were besieging Changsha. An edict ordered Fei to join the retired minister Chen Fu'en in organizing defenses.

會因截留滇、黔銅鉛銀，又陳孚恩被劾，芾為申辨，上怒，褫芾職。 At the same time, because he had intercepted copper, lead, and silver shipments from Yunnan and Guizhou, and because Chen Fu'en had been impeached and Fei spoke in his defense, the emperor grew angry and stripped Fei of office.