Zhaozu (昭祖) | 24 Histories

Overview

Zhaozu was a Jurchen ancestral ruler honored as Emperor Zhaozu.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Emperor Chengxiang	成襄皇帝
Alternate name	Brave Shilu	勇石魯

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1181 二十一年閏三月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 33, passage 74
AD 1136 天會十四年八月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passages 15, 28, 36
AD 1145 皇統五年閏十一月
Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 32, passage 96

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Ancestor of Shigu (什古)
great-grandson 曾孫 · paternal line · 3 generations
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passages 107, 810
Ancestor of Chongcheng (崇成)
great-great-grandson 玄孫 · paternal line · 4 generations
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passages 107, 815
Spouse of Empress Weishun (威順皇后)
consort 后
Directly stated · History of Jin 32, passage 28
Child of Emperor Xianzu (獻祖)
father 父
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passages 27-28
Parent of Emperor Jingzu (景祖)
father 父
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · History of Jin 32, passages 28-29; History of Jin 59, passage 106
Child of Offering Ancestor (獻祖)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 75
Parent of Cibushi (辭不失)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 106
Parent of Wuguchu (烏骨出)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 106

Kinship Role sons · Count 6
Directly stated · History of Jin 59, passage 106
Kinship Role concubine · Quantity one of Badihui’s two daughters; the source does not say which
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 9

Key source chapters

Places and affiliations

Jin 金
Relation Belonged to
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 59, passage 2
Polity Jin
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 68, passage 3
Polity Jin 金 · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · History of Jin 32, passage 36

Events and relationships

His grandfather Shilu was Zhaozu's contemporary, clansman, and namesake; the two became fast friends and swore an oath: "In life we shall share one river's bank; in death one valley's grave."
Biographical record · Source Text 祖石魯，與昭祖同時同部同名，交相得，誓曰：「生則同川居，死則同穀葬。」
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 3
The encomium reads: Virtuous Shilu was friend to Zhaozu; Huandu served Jingzu and Shizu as minister.
Biographical record · Source Text 贊曰：賢石魯與昭祖為友，歡都事景祖、世祖為之臣。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 196
The people called Zhaozu "Brave Shilu" and Shilu "Virtuous Shilu."
Biographical record · Source Text 土人呼昭祖為勇石魯，呼石魯為賢石魯。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 4
The Shushui people took this for an evil omen and all fled into rough country. After a long interval with no further sign of them, Zhaozu and Shilu withdrew to their own settlements.
Biographical record · Source Text 蜀束水人怪之，皆走險阻，久之，無所複見，卻還所居。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 7
The tribes still refused law and custom. Zhaozu showed his strength at Qingling and White Mountain and pressed into Subin and Yelan, with Virtuous Shilu at his side throughout.
Biographical record · Source Text 是時，諸部不肯用條教，昭祖耀武於青嶺、白山，入于蘇濱、耶懶之地，賢石魯佐之也。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 10
Zhaozu and Shilu plotted to recover them, went together beyond the ridge, and shot arrows tipped with burning tinder.
Biographical record · Source Text 昭祖與石魯謀取之，遂偕至嶺右，炷火於箭端而射。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 6

Show 2 more source-backed claims

Zhaozu and Shilu then marched in force, seized their goods, and carried off the two women.
Biographical record · Source Text 昭祖及石魯以眾至，攻取其貲產，虜二女子以歸。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 8
Zhaozu took one for himself and Virtuous Shilu the other; each made his a concubine.
Biographical record · Source Text 昭祖納其一，賢石魯納其一，皆以為妾。
Directly stated · History of Jin 68, passage 9

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Jin 33, passage 74

References in the histories

Search passages

History

17 passages

History of Jin, Chapter 32Volume 32 Treatises 13: Rites 5: Conferring of Posthumous Titles · 3 passages

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皇五代祖孛堇，雄姿邁世，美略齊時。 The fifth-generation imperial ancestor Boqin had a heroic bearing that outstripped his age and a grand strategy equal to his times.

愛民立政曰'成'，辟土有德曰'襄'，強毅執正曰'威'，慈仁和民曰'順'，請上皇五代祖孛堇尊諡曰成襄皇帝，廟號昭祖，妣曰威順皇后。 Cheng is for loving the people and establishing government, xiang for opening territory with virtue, wei for firm resolve and upholding rectitude, shun for benevolent harmony and concord with the people—we ask that the fifth-generation imperial ancestor Boqin receive the posthumous title Emperor Chengxiang, with the temple name Zhaozu, and that his consort be titled Empress Weishun.

是歲閏十一月，增上祖宗尊諡，始祖景元皇帝曰懿憲景元皇帝，德皇帝曰淵穆玄德皇帝，安皇帝曰和靖慶安皇帝，獻祖定昭皇帝曰純烈定昭皇帝，昭祖成襄皇帝曰武惠成襄皇帝，景祖惠桓皇帝曰英烈惠桓皇帝，世祖聖肅皇帝曰神武聖肅皇帝，肅宗穆憲皇帝曰明睿穆憲皇帝，穆宗孝平皇帝曰章順孝平皇帝，康宗恭簡皇帝曰獻敏恭簡皇帝，太宗文烈皇帝曰體元應運世德昭功哲惠仁聖文烈皇帝，徽宗景宣皇帝曰允恭克讓孝德玄功佑聖景宣皇帝，已上廟號如故。 In the intercalary eleventh month of that year the court augmented the posthumous titles of the imperial ancestors: Founder Emperor Jingyuan became Emperor Yixian Jingyuan; Emperor De became Emperor Yuanmu Xuande; Emperor An became Emperor Hejing Qing'an; Xianzu Emperor Dingzhao became Emperor Chunlie Dingzhao; Zhaozu Emperor Chengxiang became Emperor Wuhui Chengxiang; Jingzu Emperor Huihuan became Emperor Yinglie Huihuan; Shizu Emperor Shengsu became Emperor Shenwu Shengsu; Suzong Emperor Muxian became Emperor Mingrui Muxian; Muzong Emperor Xiaoping became Emperor Zhangshun Xiaoping; Kangzong Emperor Gongjian became Emperor Xianmin Gongjian; Taizong Emperor Wenlie became Emperor Tiyuan Yingyun Shide Zhaogong Zhehui Rensheng Wenlie; Huizong Emperor Jingxuan became Emperor Yungong Kerang Xiaode Xuangong Yousheng Jingxuan—the temple names listed above remained unchanged.

History of Jin, Chapter 33Volume 33 Treatises 14: Rites 6: Original Shrines, Invocation Ceremonies, Pilgrimages, Other Temples · 1 passage

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二十一年閏三月，奉旨昭祖、景祖奉安燕昌閣上，肅宗、穆宗、康宗奉安閣下，明肅皇帝奉安崇聖閣下。 In the intercalary third month of the twenty-first year, by imperial command the portraits of Ancestor Zhao and Ancestor Jing were installed in the upper story of Yanchang Pavilion, those of Emperor Suzong, Emperor Muzong, and Emperor Kangzong in the lower story, and Emperor Mingsu in the lower story of Chongsheng Pavilion.

History of Jin, Chapter 59Volume 59 Tables 1: Imperial Family · 5 passages

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右獻祖子，與昭祖凡七人。 Listed at right: sons of the Offering Ancestor—seven men, counting the Bright Ancestor.

右昭祖子，與景祖凡六人。 Listed at right: sons of the Bright Ancestor—six men, counting the Illustrious Ancestor.

什古稱昭祖曾孫，崇成稱昭祖玄孫，不稱誰子，不可以世，置之卷末。 Shigu is called a great-grandson of the Bright Ancestor and Chongcheng a great-great-grandson, yet neither is named as any man's son; their generations cannot be fixed, so both are placed at the scroll's end.

什古（昭祖曾孫。東京留守。） Shigu (great-grandson of Zhao Zu; Eastern Capital Defender).

崇成（昭祖玄孫。武軍都指揮使。） Chongcheng (great-great-grandson of Zhao Zu; Commander of the Martial Army).

History of Jin, Chapter 68Volume 68 Biographies 6: Huandu and His Son Mouyan; Yehe and His Sons Alubu, Gunan, and Egunai; Sanda's Son Pucha · 8 passages

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祖石魯，與昭祖同時同部同名，交相得，誓曰：「生則同川居，死則同穀葬。」 His grandfather Shilu was Zhaozu's contemporary, clansman, and namesake; the two became fast friends and swore an oath: "In life we shall share one river's bank; in death one valley's grave."

土人呼昭祖為勇石魯，呼石魯為賢石魯。 The people called Zhaozu "Brave Shilu" and Shilu "Virtuous Shilu."

昭祖與石魯謀取之，遂偕至嶺右，炷火於箭端而射。 Zhaozu and Shilu plotted to recover them, went together beyond the ridge, and shot arrows tipped with burning tinder.

蜀束水人怪之，皆走險阻，久之，無所複見，卻還所居。 The Shushui people took this for an evil omen and all fled into rough country. After a long interval with no further sign of them, Zhaozu and Shilu withdrew to their own settlements.

昭祖及石魯以眾至，攻取其貲產，虜二女子以歸。 Zhaozu and Shilu then marched in force, seized their goods, and carried off the two women.

昭祖納其一，賢石魯納其一，皆以為妾。 Zhaozu took one for himself and Virtuous Shilu the other; each made his a concubine.

是時，諸部不肯用條教，昭祖耀武於青嶺、白山，入于蘇濱、耶懶之地，賢石魯佐之也。 The tribes still refused law and custom. Zhaozu showed his strength at Qingling and White Mountain and pressed into Subin and Yelan, with Virtuous Shilu at his side throughout.

贊曰：賢石魯與昭祖為友，歡都事景祖、世祖為之臣。 The encomium reads: Virtuous Shilu was friend to Zhaozu; Huandu served Jingzu and Shizu as minister.