Overview
Zhao Tuo was a king of Nanyue.
PeriodQin and Han
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal name | Wei Tuo | 尉佗 | Wèi Tuó |
| Posthumous name | Martial Emperor of Nanyue | 南越武帝 | |
| Regnal name | Southern Martial Emperor | 南武帝 |
Life and dates
Death
- BC 137 建元四年Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 38
Attested activity
- BC 192 三年Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 3, passage 38
- BC 183 五年春…尉佗自稱南武帝Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 4, passage 27
- BC 214 to BC 209 使尉佗將卒以戍越Strongly inferred · Book of Han 75, passage 32
- BC 179 孝文帝元年Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 22, 28
- c. BC 203 尉佗之王，本由任囂Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 136
- BC 137 建元四年Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 38
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- c. BC 202 漢初定Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 137
- BC 196 漢十一年Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 13
- BC 214 to BC 210 秦乃使尉佗將卒以戍越Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 180
- BC 209 to BC 204 秦政之所以不行者，權分乎二子Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 130-131
- BC 221 to BC 207 秦時Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 3-4
- c. BC 181 隆慮離溼疫，佗得以益驕Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 138
- BC 187 to BC 180 高后時Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 14, 16
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Ancestor of Zhao Hu (趙胡)grandson 孫 · 2 generationsDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 39
- Parent of Father of Zhao Huson 子Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 39
- BC 111 令佗無後Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 142
- Kinship Role cousins and kinsmen · Count 2 · 從昆弟 summoned and favored by Emperor WenDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 24
Key source chapters
- Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 113 Treatise on the Nanyue 23 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 2 Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 2 3 passages
- Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 112 Biographies of the Marquis of Pingjin and Zhufu 2 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 3 Volume 2: Annals of Emperor Hui 1 passage
- Book of Han, Chapter 4 Volume 3: Annals of Empress Lü Zhi 1 passage
Origins and identity
- Zhao clan 趙氏Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 1
Career and standing
- acting Commandant of Nanhai 行南海尉事AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 8
- Magistrate of Longchuan in Nanhai 南海龍川令AppointedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 3
- Commandant 尉HeldDirectly stated · Book of Han 75, passage 32
- Commander 尉HeldDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 180
- 立它為南粵王Directly stated · Book of Han 2, passage 269
- Martial Emperor of Nanyue 南越武帝AssumedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 16
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- Martial King of Nanyue 南越武王AssumedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 11
- King of Nanyue 南越王HeldDirectly stated · Book of Han 3, passage 38
- king 王HeldDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 136
- King of Nanyue 南越王InstalledDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 13
- AcceptedHan vassal kingDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 31, 36
- Ranked amongc. BC 202 漢初定 · Feudal lordStrongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 137
- king 王BecameDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 136
- Southern Martial Emperor 南武帝BC 183 五年春Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passage 27
Places and affiliations
- Nanyue 南越Relation RuledStrongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 136, 139
- Polity Nanyue 南粵 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Han 4, passage 27
- Polity Nanyue 南越 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Han 3, passage 38; Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 11, 13
- Polity Qin 秦 · Relation Served
- At Zhending 真定Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 1
- At Yue 越 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · Book of Han 75, passage 32; Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 180
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- At Zhending 真定 · Relation Ancestral tombsDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 23
Works and attributed material
- Edict · Author · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 32-34
- Letter · Author · Direct quotation · With Emperor Wen of Han (漢文帝)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passages 28-30
- Speech · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 15
Events and relationships
- Abandoned imperial stylePolitical · RulerDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 34
- Assumed imperial stylePolitical · RulerDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 21
- Attacked and annexedMilitary · Commander · At Guilin and Xiang commanderies 桂林、象郡Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 11
- Enrolled among feudal lordsc. BC 202 漢初定，列為諸侯 · Political · Feudal lordStrongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 137
- Garrisoned yueMilitary · Commander · At Yue 越Directly stated · Book of Han 75, passage 32
- Garrisoned yueMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 180
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- Grew arrogantDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 138
- Line extinguishedDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 142
- RaidedMilitary · Commander · At Changsha border towns 長沙邊邑Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 16
- Realm shakenc. BC 135 甌駱相攻，南越動搖 · Political · Ruler of realmStrongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 139
- Rose to kingshipDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 136
- Submitted as subject and presented tributeBC 192 三年 · Diplomatic · ActorDirectly stated · Book of Han 3, passage 38
- Used Qin frontier disaffection to pursue private ambitions and divide Qin's powerPolitical · WarlordDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 130-131
- Relation Beneficiary of · Person Ren Xiao (任囂)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 136
- Relation Successor protege of · Person Ren Xiao (任囂)Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 8
- Relation Fellow separatist with · Person Zhang Han (章邯)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passages 130-131
Assessments and attributes
- c. BC 181 隆慮離溼疫，佗得以益驕Assessment grew more arrogant after Longlü was stricken by damp and plague · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Sima Qian (司馬遷)Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 113, passage 138
Source notes
- Historicity historicalDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 180
- Value historicalDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 112, passage 130
References in the histories
34 passages
No matching passages.