Song, Liao, and Jin · Commander of the Eight Armies south of the Mountains

Zhang Rou 張柔

Zhāng Róu

Attested AD 1236 - AD 1262

Passages: 18
Chapters: 3
Histories: 1

Overview

Zhang Rou was a Commander of the Eight Armies south of the Mountains.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1258 八年戊午…二月
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passages 144-145, 152
AD 1255 五年乙卯…秋九月
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passages 102, 104
AD 1247 二年丁未春
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 2, passage 178
AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passages 83, 89, 93
AD 1262 中統三年
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 206, passage 95
AD 1246 元年丙午春正月
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 2, passage 173

Show 1 more source-backed claim

AD 1236 八年丙申
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 2, passage 116

Key source chapters

Places and affiliations

AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲
At Bozhou 亳州 · Relation Transferred to garrison
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 93

Learning and skills

AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲
Skill military engineering and logistics 築甬路、為橋 · Level demonstrated
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 3, passages 99, 105

Works and attributed material

奏據亳之利 — memorialized to hold Bozhou for its logistical advantages after years of campaigning and difficult grain transport in the Two Huai
AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲 · Memorial · Author · Paraphrased
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 97
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · History of Yuan 206, passage 97

Events and relationships

Attacked Ying Prefecture
AD 1236 八年丙申 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · History of Yuan 2, passage 116
Attacked
AD 1247 二年丁未春 · Military · Commander · At Si Prefecture 泗州
Directly stated · History of Yuan 2, passage 178
Built a causeway more than sixty li south from Bo with a fort across the river midway, and set palisades in the water east of the road, clearing Song raids from Luyi, Ningling, Kao, Zhe, Qiuqiu and Nandun
AD 1255 五年乙卯…秋九月 · Engineering · Commander
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passages 105-106
Built a raised causeway one hundred twenty li long from Bozhou to Bian with fifteen bridges, some eighty feet wide, guarded by two forts, after grain from Cao, Pu, Wei and Bo failed to arrive
AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲 · Engineering · Commander
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 99
Crossed Huai and attacked Song prefectures
AD 1242 壬寅年秋七月 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · History of Yuan 2, passage 160
Joined the supreme commander at Fuli
AD 1255 五年乙卯…秋九月 · Military · Commander · At Fuli 符離
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 104

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Ordered by edict to lead the Eight Armies south of the mountains, build a city and garrison it
AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 98
Ordered to follow Kublai in the campaign against Ezhou, pressing toward Hangzhou
AD 1258 八年戊午…二月 · Military · Commander · With Emperor Shizu (世祖) · At Ezhou 鄂
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 152
Sent Zhang Xin with the Eight Han Armies to garrison Yingzhou
AD 1254 四年甲寅…是歲 · Military · Commander · With Zhang Xin (張信)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 3, passage 95

References in the histories

Search passages

History

18 passages

History of Yuan, Chapter 2Volume 2 Annals 2: Taizong, Dingzong · 9 passages

張柔等攻郢州，拔之。 Zhang Rou and his commanders attacked Ying Prefecture and captured it.

是冬，口溫不花等圍光州，命張柔、鞏彥暉、史天澤攻下之，遂別攻蘄州，降隨州，略地至黃州，宋懼請和，乃還。 That winter Köten Buqa and others invested Guang Prefecture. Zhang Rou, Gong Yanhui, and Shi Tianze were ordered to storm it, then struck Qi Prefecture, accepted the surrender of Suizhou, and raided as far as Huang Prefecture. Frightened, the Song sued for peace, and the army withdrew.

命張柔等八萬戶伐宋。 Zhang Rou and the other commanders of eighty-thousand-household regiments were ordered to campaign against the Song.

秋七月，張柔自五河口渡淮，攻宋揚、滁、和等州。 In the seventh autumn month Zhang Rou crossed the Huai at Wuhekou and attacked the Song prefectures of Yang, Chu, and He.

癸卯年春正月，張柔分兵屯田於襄城。 In the first spring month of guimao, Zhang Rou split his force to garrison and farm at Xiangcheng.

秋，后命張柔總兵戍杞。 That autumn the Empress ordered Zhang Rou to take overall command of the garrison at Qi.

乙巳年秋，后命馬步軍都元帥察罕等率騎三萬與張柔掠淮西，攻壽州，拔之，遂攻泗州、盱眙及揚州。 In the autumn of yisi the Empress ordered the infantry-and-cavalry commander-in-chief Chaghan and others to lead thirty thousand horsemen with Zhang Rou to raid west of the Huai, storm Shou Prefecture, and then strike Si, Xuyi, and Yang.

元年丙午春正月，張柔入覲于和林。 In the first spring month of the first year, bingwu, Zhang Rou came to audience at Karakorum.

二年丁未春，張柔攻泗州。 In the spring of the second year, dingwei, Zhang Rou attacked Si Prefecture.

History of Yuan, Chapter 3Volume 3 Annals 3: Xianzong · 7 passages

張柔移鎮亳州。 Zhang Rou was transferred to garrison Bozhou.

張柔遣張信將八漢軍戍潁州。 Zhang Rou sent Zhang Xin with the Eight Han Armies to garrison Yingzhou.

張柔以連歲勤兵，兩淮艱於糧運，奏據亳之利。 Zhang Rou, having campaigned year after year while grain transport in the Two Huai grew ever harder, memorialized to hold Bozhou for its logistical advantages.

詔柔率山前八軍，城而戍之。 An edict ordered Rou to lead the Eight Armies south of the mountains, build a fortified city, and garrison it.

柔又以渦水北隘淺不可舟，軍既病涉，曹、濮、魏、博粟皆不至，乃築甬路自亳抵汴，堤百二十里，流深而不能築，復為橋十五，或廣八十尺，橫以二堡戍之。 Rou found the Guo River north of the city too shallow for boats; the army suffered on the crossings, and grain from Cao, Pu, Wei, and Bo never arrived. He built a raised causeway from Bozhou to Bian, a hundred and twenty li of embankment; where the water ran too deep to embank, he threw fifteen bridges across it, some eighty feet wide, each flanked by a fort.

秋九月，張柔會大帥于符離。 In the ninth month of autumn Zhang Rou rendezvoused with the supreme commander at Fuli.

命張柔從忽必烈征鄂，趨杭州。 Zhang Rou was ordered to march with Kublai against Ezhou and drive toward Hangzhou.

History of Yuan, Chapter 206Volume 206 Biographies 93: Contrary Ministers · 2 passages

猶召竇默、姚樞、王鶚、僧子聰及張柔等至，示以前書曰：「汝等謂文統當得何罪？」 He then summoned Dou Mo, Yao Shu, Wang E, the monk Zicong, Zhang Rou, and others, showed them the document, and asked, "What punishment does Wentong deserve?"

柔獨疾聲大言曰：「宜剮！」 Zhang Rou alone shouted, "He should be dismembered!"