Zhang Guoliang (張國樑)

Overview

Zhang Guoliang was a general.

PeriodQing

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal name	Zhang Jiaxiang	張家祥	Zhang Jiaxiang

Life and dates

Death

AD 1860 十年春
Died in battle · At Danyang 丹陽
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 397, passage 177

Attested activity

AD 1860 十年春
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 397, passages 174-175, 177
AD 1857 七年春
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 397, passage 154
AD 1856 六年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 385, passage 183
AD 1856 六年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 405, passages 87, 101
AD 1860 咸豐十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 171
AD 1859 咸豐間
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 423, passage 72

Show 3 more source-backed claims

AD 1850 越數年
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 378, passages 205, 208
AD 1850 道光三十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 393, passage 125
AD 1850 道光季年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 37

Key source chapters

Career and standing

overall army commander 總統諸軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 405, passage 101
regional commander and assistant 提督、幫辦
AD 1857 七年春 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 397, passage 154

Places and affiliations

Qing 清
Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 37
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 385, passage 183; Draft History of Qing 397, passage 154; Draft History of Qing 405, passage 101; Draft History of Qing 429, passage 171

Events and relationships

Recruited Chaozhou militia
AD 1840 to AD 1850 道光季年 · Military · Commander · At Chaozhou 潮州
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 37
Relieved Zhenjiang
AD 1860 咸豐十年 · Military · Commander · At Zhenjiang 鎮江
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 171
Submitted and became Qing general
Military · Surrendered rebel
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 378, passages 208-209

Assessments and attributes

Assessment force collapsed because militiamen were fierce and unruly · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 133, passage 37

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 385, passage 183; Draft History of Qing 397, passage 154
From Zhang Jiaxiang 張家祥 · To Guoliang 國樑
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 378, passage 209
From Name Zhang Jiaxiang 張家祥 · To Name Guoliang 國樑
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 393, passage 125

References in the histories

Search passages

History

12 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 133Volume 133 Treatises 108: Military 4, Local Militia · 1 passage

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及道光季年，張國樑募廣東潮州鄉兵追逐粵寇，轉戰東下，卒以獷悍不馴，遂至潰散。 Near the end of the Daoguang reign, Zhang Guoliang raised Chaozhou militia from Guangdong to chase the Cantonese rebels eastward, but their ferocity proved impossible to control, and the force eventually collapsed and scattered.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 378Volume 378 Biographies 165: Huang Juezi, Jin Yinglin, Chen Qingyong, Su Tingkui, Zhu Qi · 2 passages

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賊中梟傑張家祥者，悔罪投誠，當事猶疑之。 The rebel chieftain Zhang Jiaxiang repented and offered to surrender, but the authorities still distrusted him.

琦知其忠勇可用，以全家保之，乃受降，改名國樑，卒為名將。 Qi judged him loyal and brave enough to use, pledged his own family's safety as guarantee, accepted the surrender, renamed him Guoliang, and he became a famous general.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 385Volume 385 Biographies 172: Du Shoutian Son: Han, Qi Junzao Son: Shi Zhang, Weng Xincun, Peng Yunzhang · 1 passage

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今寧國先陷，逼近宜興，向榮近守丹陽，溧水、句容相繼失守，宜責向榮嚴扼丹陽，令張國樑率精兵駐宜興扼東壩，別簡水師駐太湖，庶蘇、常兩郡可保無事。 With Ningguo fallen near Yixing and Lishui and Jurong lost, he urged Xiang Rong to hold Danyang, Zhang Guoliang to block Dongba from Yixing, and a fleet on Taihu to save Suzhou and Changzhou.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 393Volume 393 Biographies 180: Li Xingyuan, Zhou Tianjue, Lao Chongguang · 1 passage

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撫張家祥收隸部下，改名國樑，後以戰功顯。 He pacified Zhang Jiaxiang and enrolled him in his command, renaming him Guoliang; he later distinguished himself in battle.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 397Volume 397 Biographies 184: Lu Jianying, Yang Wending, Qing Lin, Chong Lun, He Guiqing · 4 passages

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江寧久為賊窟，總督駐常州，軍事由將軍和春主之，而提督張國樑為幫辦，前督怡良但任運饋而已。 Nanjing had long been a rebel stronghold; the governor-general stayed at Changzhou while General He Chun directed military affairs and regional commander Zhang Guoliang assisted—former governor-general Yi Liang had handled only transport and supplies.

和春、張國樑退守丹陽。 He Chun and Zhang Guoliang fell back to defend Danyang.

桂清疏陳：「丹陽以上軍務，和春、張國樑主之； Guiqing wrote: "Military affairs from Danyang northward are He Chun's and Zhang Guoliang's;

部署稍定，即進規溧陽，而賊已迳犯丹陽，國樑死之，和春奔常州，桂清大驚。 Once his dispositions were set he moved on Liyang, but the rebels had already struck Danyang—Guoliang was killed, He Chun fled to Changzhou, and Guiqing was badly shaken.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 405Volume 405 Biographies 192: Ceng Guofan · 1 passage

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和春為欽差大臣，張國樑總統諸軍攻江寧。 He Chun was appointed Imperial Commissioner, and Zhang Guoliang took overall command of the armies attacking Jiangning.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 423Volume 423 Biographies 210: Zong Jichen, Yin Gengyun, Wang Zheng, Mu Jixianga, You Baichuan, Shen Huai · 1 passage

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此時廬、鳳、六合賊勢必單，請飭袁甲三、張國樑刻期搗其巢穴，逼令反顧，或令間道為楚師聲援，亦足褫其狂魄。」 Rebel forces at Luzhou, Fengyang, and Liuhe must now be thin. Order Yuan Jiasan and Zhang Guoliang to strike their bases on a fixed schedule, forcing them to turn back, or send them by side routes to support Zeng's army—either move would break the rebels' nerve."

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 429Volume 429 Biographies 216: Jiang Zhongyi, Zhou Kuanshi, Shi Qingji, Yu Jichang, Lin Wencha, Zhao Deguang, Zhang Wende · 1 passage

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十年，從張國樑解鎮江圍，援賊復至，文德扼水柵七晝夜，賊引去，擢副將。 In 1860 he served under Zhang Guoliang in relieving Zhenjiang; when rebel reinforcements returned, Wende held the water palisade for seven days and nights until they withdrew, and he was made deputy commander.