Xu Da (徐達) | 24 Histories

Overview

Xu Da was a Right Chancellor and Junior Mentor.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1370 十一月
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 57, passages 111, 117
AD 1368 to AD 1372 屯田北平
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 77, passages 66-67
AD 1356 徐達之攻鎮江
Directly stated · History of Ming 135, passage 38
AD 1368 to AD 1372 徐達平沙漠
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 77, passages 65-66
AD 1366 to AD 1367 徐達等下淮東、西
Directly stated · History of Ming 135, passage 298
AD 1368 to AD 1372 徙江南民於鳳陽
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 77, passages 66, 68

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AD 1368 to AD 1398 明初（與常遇春、徐達等同時之洪武朝事）
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 140, passage 257
AD 1370 洪武三年大封功臣
Directly stated · History of Ming 127, passages 49, 53
AD 1368 洪武元年
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 115, passages 15, 20
AD 1352 至正十二年春
Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 122, passage 57

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Grand General 大將軍
Directly stated · History of Ming 140, passage 257
太子少傅
Concurrent
Directly stated · History of Ming 115, passage 20
Grand General 大將軍
Held
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 117
右丞相
Held
Directly stated · History of Ming 115, passage 20
Grand General 大將軍
Held
Directly stated · History of Ming 140, passage 257

Places and affiliations

Ming 明
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · History of Ming 140, passage 257
Polity Ming 明 · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 66
Polity Ming 明 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · History of Ming 135, passage 298

Works and attributed material

Memorial on Pacifying the Desert Sands 平沙漠表
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 118

Events and relationships

Army return
AD 1370 十一月 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passage 117
Arrived after Chang Yuchun
Military · Commander · With Chang Yuchun (常遇春)
Directly stated · History of Ming 140, passage 257
Attacked and took Zhenjiang
AD 1356 徐達之攻鎮江 · Military · Commander · At Zhenjiang 鎮江
Directly stated · History of Ming 135, passages 38-39
settled over 32,800 steppe remnant households in 254 Beiping colonies opening 1,343 qing 以沙漠遺民三萬二千八百餘戶屯田北平，置屯二百五十四，開地千三百四十三頃
Administrative · Commander · Established beiping colonies · At Beiping 北平
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 67
pacified the northern steppe 平沙漠
Military · Commander · Pacified northern steppe
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 66
Presented congratulatory memorial
AD 1370 洪武三年十一月 · Ritual · Presenter · With Ming Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · History of Ming 57, passages 118-119

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further resettled 140,000 Jiangnan people at Fengyang 復徙江南民十四萬於鳳陽
Administrative · Commander · Resettled jiangnan at fengyang · At Fengyang 鳳陽
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 68
resettled over 35,800 households from beyond the Yan mountains among Beiping prefectures and guards 徙北平山後民三萬五千八百餘戶，散處諸府衛
Administrative · Commander · Resettled yan mountain households · At Beiping 北平
Directly stated · History of Ming 77, passage 66
Sought out Qin Conglong
AD 1356 徐達之攻鎮江 · Recruitment · Agent · With Qin Conglong (秦從龍)
Directly stated · History of Ming 135, passage 39
Took eastern and western Huai
Military · Commander
Directly stated · History of Ming 135, passage 298
Relation Fellow general with · Person Chang Yuchun (常遇春)
Strongly inferred · History of Ming 140, passage 257
Relation Tutor of · Person Zhu Biao (朱標)
Directly stated · History of Ming 115, passages 20-21

Source notes

Value historical
Directly stated · History of Ming 135, passage 298

References in the histories

Search passages

History

13 passages

History of Ming, Chapter 57Volume 57 Treatises 33: Rites 11 · 3 passages

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十一月，大將軍徐達及文忠等師還，車駕出勞於江上。 In the eleventh month, Grand General Xu Da, Wenzhong, and the others returned with their armies; the imperial carriage went out to welcome them on the river.

明日，達率諸將上《平沙漠表》。 The next day, Xu Da led the generals in presenting the Memorial on Pacifying the Desert Sands.

帝御奉天殿，皇太子親王侍，百官朝服陪列，達、文忠奉表賀。 The emperor presided in the Hall of Supreme Harmony; the crown prince and imperial princes attended; officials in court dress stood in attendance as Xu Da and Wenzhong presented the memorial of congratulation.

History of Ming, Chapter 77Volume 77 Treatises 53: Finance and Economics 1 · 1 passage

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徐達平沙漠，徙北平山後民三萬五千八百餘戶，散處諸府衛，籍為軍者給衣糧，民給田。 After Xu Da pacified the northern steppe, he resettled more than thirty-five thousand eight hundred households from beyond the Yan mountains across Beiping prefectures and guards; military registrants received clothing and rations, civilians received farmland.

History of Ming, Chapter 115Volume 115 Biographies 3: Emperor Xingzong Xiaokang, Emperor Ruizong Xingxian · 1 passage

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於是左丞相李善長兼太子少師，右丞相徐達兼太子少傅，中書平章錄軍國重事常遇春兼太子少保，右都督馮宗異兼右詹事，中書平章政事胡廷端、廖永忠、李伯升兼同知詹事院事，中書左、右丞趙庸、王溥兼副詹事，中書參政楊憲兼詹事丞，傅瓛兼詹事，同知大都督康茂才、張興祖兼左右率府使，大都督府副使顧時、孫興祖同知左右率府事，僉大都督府事吳楨、耿炳文兼左右率府副使，御史大夫鄧愈、湯和兼諭德，御史中丞劉基、章溢兼贊善大夫，治書侍御史文原吉、范顯祖兼太子賓客。 Li Shanchang, left chancellor, became junior tutor; Xu Da, right chancellor, junior mentor; Chang Yuchun, associate director for military affairs, junior guardian; Feng Zongyi, right commissioner, right household master; Hu Tingduan, Liao Yongzhong, and Li Bosheng, associate directors, associate household masters; Zhao Yong and Wang Pu, vice directors, deputy household masters; Yang Xian, participating secretary, household master assistant; Fu Rong, household master; Kang Maocai and Zhang Xingzu, associate capital commissioners, left and right rate-office commandants; Gu Shi and Sun Xingzu, deputy commissioners, associate commandants; Wu Zhen and Geng Bingwen, commissioners, deputy commandants; Deng Yu and Tang He, censors-in-chief, preceptors; Liu Ji and Zhang Yi, vice censors-in-chief, senior companions; Wen Yuanji and Fan Xianzu, investigating secretaries, crown prince's guests.

History of Ming, Chapter 122Volume 122 Biographies 10: · 2 passages

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子興聞之，大驚，立遣徐達往代太祖，縱德崖還。 Alarmed, Zixing sent Xu Da to take the future emperor's place as hostage and released Deya.

德崖軍釋太祖，達亦脫歸。 Deya's men released the future emperor, and Xu Da returned safely as well.

History of Ming, Chapter 127Volume 127 Biographies 15: Li Shanzhang, Wang Guangyang · 2 passages

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時封公者，徐達、常遇春子茂、李文忠、馮勝、鄧愈及善長六人。 Six men received ducal rank: Xu Da, Mao son of Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong, Feng Sheng, Deng Yu, and Shanzhang.

然徐達、李文忠等數受命征討，未嘗專理省事。 Yet Xu Da, Li Wenzhong, and others were repeatedly sent on campaign and never devoted themselves solely to the Secretariat.

History of Ming, Chapter 135Volume 135 Biographies 23: Chen Yu, Ye Dui, Fan Chang, Song Siyan, Guo Jingxiang, Yang Yuangao, Ruan Hongdao, Kong Keren · 3 passages

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徐達之攻鎮江也，太祖謂之曰：「聞有秦元之者，才器老成，汝當詢訪，致吾欲見意。」 When Xu Da was attacking Zhenjiang, the Founder told him, "I have heard of a Qin Yuanzhi, a man of seasoned talent—you should seek him out and convey my wish to meet him."

達下鎮江，訪得之。 Xu Da took the city, found him, and brought him in.

及徐達等下淮東、西，又謂克仁曰：「壬辰之亂，生民塗炭。 When Xu Da and others took eastern and western Huai, he again said to Kong, "In the disorder of the renchen year, the people were burned in fire and crushed on the anvil.

History of Ming, Chapter 140Volume 140 Biographies 28: Wei Guan, Tao Houzhong, Liu Shihuan, Wang Zongxian, Lu Wensui, Wang Guan, Dao Tong, Lu Xi, Qing Wensheng · 1 passage

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後大將軍徐達至，軍士相戒曰：「是健吏，曾抗常將軍者，毋犯也。」 Later, when Grand General Xu Da arrived, the soldiers warned one another, "That is the tough magistrate who stood up to General Chang. Do not cross him."