Wang Huan (王環) | 24 Histories

Overview

Wang Huan was a captured Fengxiang military commissioner.

PeriodFive Dynasties

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Life and dates

Death

AD 957 四年冬
Illness · At Si Prefecture 泗州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 198
AD 956 to AD 958 明年又幸淮南
At Sizhou 泗州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 102
AD 958 顯德五年正月乙酉
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passages 5-6

Attested activity

AD 954 to AD 959 世宗時
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 111
AD 934 及知祥建號
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191
AD 955 周世宗即位，明年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 129
AD 926 唐天成初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191
AD 957 四年冬
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 198
AD 944 to AD 946 晉開運之亂
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 128

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AD 934 知祥僭號于蜀
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 127
AD 955 顯德二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 115, passage 177
AD 955 顯德二年秋
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 192
AD 958 顯德五年正月乙酉
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passages 5-6
AD 957 顯德四年八月甲戌
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 119

Key source chapters

Career and standing

charioteer 御者
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 127
Grand General of the Xiao Guard 驍衛大將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 197
Grand General 大將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 111
military commissioner of Feng 鳳州節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 128
Right Valiant Cavalry general 右驍衛將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 95
left and right guards 左、右衛
AD 934 孟昶嗣位 · Held concurrently
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191

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military guard commands 軍衛
AD 934 及知祥建號 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191
military governor of Feng 鳳州節度使
AD 955 顯德二年秋 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 192
Right Brave Guards general 右驍衛將軍
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 6
appointed Great General of the Right Brave Guard after release 獲釋後授右驍衛大將軍
AD 955
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 115, passages 194, 197
military commissioner of Fengxiang under the rival regime 偽鳳翔節度使
AD 955
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 115, passages 177, 193
Entered
AD 955 是冬 · Captivity
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 196
Entered
Captive
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 94
captured, escorted to court, released, and given saddle, horse, and clothing 被擒送闕後獲釋並賜鞍馬衣服
AD 955
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 115, passages 177, 193-194
pardon 釋其罪
Received · Authority Shizong (世宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 197

Places and affiliations

AD 957 及到闕
Polity Later Zhou 後周 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 197
Polity Later Shu 後蜀 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passages 191-192
Polity Later Shu 蜀 · Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passages 127-128
Polity Later Zhou 周 · Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 95
Polity Later Zhou 後周 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 6
Polity Shu 蜀 · Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 111

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Polity Wu or Shu 吳、蜀 · Relation Former subject of
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 120
At Zhending in Zhen 鎮州真定
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 126
At Zhending 真定
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 190
AD 926 唐天成初
At Western Chuan 西川 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191
AD 957 四年冬
At Si Prefecture 泗州 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 198
AD 955 顯德二年秋
At Feng Prefecture 鳳州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 192

Events and relationships

Defeated detached column
AD 955 顯德二年秋 · Military · Defender · With Hu Li (胡立) · At Feng Prefecture 鳳州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 193
Followed south
AD 957 四年冬 · Military · Retainer · With Shizong (世宗) · At Si Prefecture 泗州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 198
Held city until fall
AD 955 是冬 · Military · Defender
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passages 194-196
Held out
Military · Defender · At Feng 鳳州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passages 93-94
Held Qin for Shu then surrendered
Military · Defender · At Qin Prefecture 秦州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 111
Received winter silk and cotton
Ritual · Recipient
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 119

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Relation Served · Person Meng Chang (孟昶)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191
Relation Served · Person Meng Zhixiang (孟知祥)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 191; New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 127
Relation Assisted · Person Hou Zhang (侯章)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 96

Assessments and attributes

Assessment loyal to the master he served · Mode named-person-judgment Source Person Id Shizong (世宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 197
Assessment loyal to whom he served · Mode named-speech Speaker Shizong (世宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 94
Assessment loyalty sighed over by Shizong but rewarded thinly · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passages 111-112

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 6; New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 111
Value historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 190

References in the histories

Search passages

History

25 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 115Volume 115 Book of Later Zhou 17: Shizong Annals 2 · 2 passages

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癸丑，西南面行營都部署王景奏，收復鳳州，獲偽命節度使王環。 On guichou southwestern field army commander Wang Jing reported recovering Fengzhou and capturing bogus commissioner Wang Huan.

辛卯，西南面行營都部署王景，差人部送所獲偽鳳翔節度使王環至闕。 On xinmao southwestern field army commander Wang Jing sent men to escort captured bogus Fengxiang commissioner Wang Huan to court.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 117Volume 117 Book of Later Zhou 19: Shizong Annals 4 · 1 passage

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甲戌，賜左監門上將軍許文縝、右千牛上將軍邊鎬、右衛大將軍王環、衛尉卿周延構、太府卿馮延魯、太僕卿鄭牧、鴻臚卿孫羽、衛尉少卿鐘謨、工部郎中何幼沖各冬服絹二百匹、綿五百兩。 On jiaxu, Xu Wenzhen, Bian Hao, Wang Huan, Zhou Yanguo, Feng Yanlu, Zheng Mu, Sun Yu, Zhong Mo, and He Youchong of the Ministry of Works each received two hundred bolts of winter silk and five hundred liang of cotton.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 118Volume 118 Book of Later Zhou 20: Shizong Annals 5 · 1 passage

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右驍衛將軍王環卒。 Right Brave Guards general Wang Huan died.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 129Volume 129 Book of Later Zhou 31: Biographies 9: Chang Si, Di Guangye, Cao Ying, Li Yanyun, Li Hui, Li Jianchong, Wang Zhongyi, Sun Hanyin, Xu Qian, Zhao Feng, Qi Cangzhen, Wang Huan, Zhang Yanchao, Zhang Ying, Liu Renshan · 7 passages

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王環，本真定人。 Wang Huan was originally from Zhending.

唐天成初，孟知祥鎮西川，環往事之，及知祥建號，環累典軍衛，孟昶嗣位，環兼領左、右衛。 In Tang Tiancheng year one Meng Zhixiang governed Western Chuan; Huan served him; when Zhixiang declared a state Huan rose through guard commands; when Meng Chang succeeded, Huan held both left and right guards.

顯德二年秋，王師西伐，時環為鳳州節度使。 In the autumn of Xiande year two the imperial army marched west; Huan was then military governor of Feng.

初，偏師傅其城下，為環所敗，裨將胡立為環所擒。 At first a detached column reached his walls and was defeated by Huan; deputy commander Hu Li was captured.

環聞之，守備愈堅，王師攻擊數月方克。 When Huan heard this his defense grew firmer; the imperial army attacked for months before the city fell.

城陷，環就擒。 When the city fell Huan was taken.

四年冬，世宗南征，環隨駕至泗州，遇疾而卒。 In the winter of year four Shizong marched south; Huan followed to Si, fell ill, and died.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies of Martyrs to Virtue 12: Wang Yanzhang · 1 passage

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當世宗時，王環為蜀守秦州，攻之久不下，其力屈而降，世宗頗嗟其忠，然止於為大將軍。 Under Shizong, Wang Huan held Qin Prefecture for Shu. The siege wore on without result; when his strength gave out he surrendered. Shizong sighed at his loyalty, yet made him only a Grand General.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50Volume 50 Miscellaneous Biographies 30: Wang Jun, Wang Yin, Liu Ci, Wang Huan, Zhe Congruan · 13 passages

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初，昶遣其秦州節度使高處儔以兵援環，未至，聞堂倉兵敗，亦潰歸，處儔判官趙比閉城不內，處儔遂奔成都，比乃以城降，成、階二州相繼亦降，獨環堅守百餘日，然後克之。 Chang sent Gao Chuchou from Qin to aid Huan. Chuchou heard Tangcang had fallen and fled. His aide Zhao Bi shut him out; Chuchou ran to Chengdu and Bi surrendered. Cheng and Jie followed; only Huan held a hundred-odd days before the city fell.

世宗召見環，嘆曰：「三州已降，環獨堅守，吾數以書招之，而環不答，至於力屈就擒，雖不能死，亦忠其所事也，用之可勸事君者。」 Shizong called Huan in and sighed: "Three prefectures yielded; Huan alone held. I wrote again and again; he never answered. Broken, he was taken—he could not die, yet he was loyal. Use him to teach service."

乃拜環右驍衛將軍。 He made Huan Right Valiant Cavalry general.

是時，周師已征淮，即以環佐侯章為攻取賊城水砦副部署。 Zhou was already on the Huai. Huan was made Hou Zhang’s deputy for seizing rebel river forts.

明年，世宗再征淮，使環將水戰卒數千，自蔡河以入淮。 Next year Shizong marched on the Huai again and sent Huan with thousands of river troops in from the Cai.

環居軍中，未嘗有戰功。 Huan served in the ranks but never won battle merit.

蜀卒與環俱擒者，世宗不殺，悉以從軍，後多南奔於景，世宗待環益不疑。 Shu men captured with Huan, Shizong spared and kept in the ranks. Many later fled south to Jing, yet Shizong trusted Huan all the more.

已而景將許文縝、邊鎬等皆被擒，世宗悉以為將軍，與環等列第京師，歲時賜與甚厚。 Soon Li Jing’s generals Xu Wenzhen, Bian Hao, and the rest were taken. Shizong made them all generals, lodged them with Huan and the others in capital estates, and lavished seasonal gifts on them.

明年又幸淮南，又以環從，遇疾，卒於泗州。 The next year Shizong marched on Huainan again with Huan in his train; he fell ill and died at Sizhou.

王環，鎮州真定人也。 Wang Huan came from Zhending in Zhen.

以勇力事孟知祥為御者，及知祥僭號于蜀，使典衞兵。 By strength he served Meng Zhixiang as charioteer. When Zhixiang seized the title in Shu, he put Huan in charge of the guard.

晉開運之亂，秦、鳳、階、成入于蜀，孟昶以環為鳳州節度使。 In the Kaiyun turmoil, Qin, Feng, Jie, and Cheng fell to Shu. Meng Chang made Huan commissioner of Feng.

周世宗即位，明年，遣王景、向訓攻秦、鳳州，數為環所敗，大臣皆請罷兵。 Shizong took the throne and the next year sent Wang Jing and Xiang Xun against Qin and Feng. Huan beat them again and again, and the ministers all urged withdrawal.