Ancient China · Ruler

Wairen 外壬

Wàirén

Attested BC 1600 - BC 1300

Passages: 3
Chapters: 2
Histories: 1

Overview

Wairen was a ruler.

Life and dates

Attested activity

BC 1600 to BC 1300 帝外壬
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 13, passage 420
BC 1600 to BC 1300 殷
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 3, passage 113

Family

Sibling of Hedanjia (河亶甲)
younger brother 弟 · Full siblings
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 3, passage 115; Records of the Grand Historian 13, passage 421
Sibling of Zhongding (中丁)
younger brother 弟 · Full siblings
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 13, passage 420; Records of the Grand Historian 3, passage 113

Key source chapters

References in the histories

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 3Annals of Yin · 2 passages

帝中丁崩，弟外壬立，是為帝外壬。 Zhongding died; his brother Wairen became Emperor Wairen.

帝外壬崩，弟河亶甲立，是為帝河亶甲。 Wairen died; his brother Hedanjia became Emperor Hedanjia.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 13Genealogical Tables of the Three Dynasties · 1 passage

帝外壬，中丁弟。 Emperor Wairen, Zhongding's younger brother.