Ancient China · Khan

Qishou 奇首

Legendary antiquity

Passages: 8
Chapters: 3
Histories: 1

Overview

Qishou was a Khan.

Life and dates

Attested activity

legendary antiquity
Directly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 197; History of Liao 32, passages 79, 116; History of Liao 116, passage 5

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Flame Emperor (炎帝)
ancestor 先
sprang from 出自
Directly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 197
Spouse of Khatun of Qishou (可敦)
khatun 可敦 · Marriage
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passage 118
Ancestor of Nieli (涅里)
passed down to 傳至
Directly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 199

Kinship Role sons · Count 8
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passages 116, 118

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Ethnicity Khitan 契丹
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passage 116

Places and affiliations

At Muye Mountain Khitan ancestral temple 木葉山契丹始祖廟 · Relation Enshrined at
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passage 118
At west of the Huang River and north of the Tu River 潢河之西，土河之北 · Relation Former territory of
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passage 119

Events and relationships

Eight bu invaded and attached to Northern Wei
Military · Subject of invasion
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passage 79

Source notes

Historicity legendary
Directly stated · History of Liao 32, passage 116
Earlier Qishou institutions still survived under Liao Taizu and Taizong
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 5

References in the histories

Search passages

History

8 passages

History of Liao, Chapter 2Volume 2 Annals 2: Taizu 2 · 2 passages

贊曰：遼之先，出自炎帝，世為審吉國，其可知者蓋自奇首雲。 Thus the historian praises them: Liao's ancestors sprang from the Flame Emperor; for ages they were the Shenji people; the record becomes clear, it seems, with Qishou.

奇首生都山，徙潢河之濱。 Qishou was born on Mount Du and later settled on the Huang River.

History of Liao, Chapter 32Volume 32 Treatises 2: Management of Guards 2 · 5 passages

奇首八部為高麗、蠕蠕所侵，僅以萬口附於元魏。 Qishou's eight bu were invaded by Goryeo and Rouran; only about ten thousand mouths attached to Northern Wei.

契丹之先，曰奇首可汗，生八子。 The Khitan forebears: Khan Qishou, who bore eight sons.

今永州木葉山有契丹始祖廟，奇首可汗、可敦並八子像在焉。 Today on Muye Mountain in Yong prefecture is the Khitan ancestral temple; images of Khan Qishou, the khatun, and the eight sons are there.

潢河之西，土河之北，奇首可汗故壤也。 West of the Huang River and north of the Tu River—that was Khan Qishou's old territory.

隋契丹十部：元魏末，莫弗賀勿於畏高麗、蠕蠕侵逼，率車三千乘、眾萬口內附，乃去奇首可汗故壤，居白狼水東。 Sui Khitan ten bu: at the end of Northern Wei, Mohefuheyu feared invasion by Goryeo and Rouran, led three thousand chariots and ten thousand mouths inward to attach, then left Khan Qishou's old territory and dwelt east of the Bailang River.

History of Liao, Chapter 116Volume 116: Explanation of State Language · 1 passage

至太祖、太宗，奄有朔方，其治雖三用漢法，而先世奇首、遙輦之制尚多存者。 By the reigns of Emperor Taizu and Emperor Taizong, the Liao had seized the northern frontier. Although their administration repeatedly adopted Chinese law, many institutions of the earlier Qishou and Yaolian eras still survived.