Prince Yigong of Jiangxia (江夏王義恭)

Overview

Prince Yigong of Jiangxia was a prince of Jiangxia.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal name	Liu Yigong	劉義恭	Liú Yìgōng

Life and dates

Death

AD 465 永光元年八月癸酉
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 67

Attested activity

AD 441 元嘉十八年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 58, passage 139
AD 445 元嘉22年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 76, passages 51-52
AD 451 元嘉28年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 76, passage 115
AD 424 to AD 453 元嘉
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 62, passage 56
AD 457 to AD 464 世祖大明
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 54, passages 45, 48
AD 464 大明八年閏五月
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passages 12-13

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AD 457 to AD 464 宋大明
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 16, passage 20
AD 453 to AD 464 宋孝武帝
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 56, passage 19
AD 420 to AD 465 宋江夏王刺南兖州
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 32, passage 198
AD 424 景平二年二月乙未
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 4, passage 39
AD 465 永光元年八月癸酉
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 67
AD 422 永初三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 71, passage 10
AD 444 to AD 465 江夏王太尉
Dated from the passage context · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 176
AD 453 to AD 456 江夏王義恭
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 73, passages 308, 314
AD 413 to AD 465 江夏王義恭鎮江陵
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 69, passage 30
AD 420 to AD 430 義恭撫軍
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 65, passage 82

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Fifteenth daughter of Prince of Jiangxia Yigong (江夏王義恭第十五女)
daughter 女
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 31, passage 12
Sibling of Yifu (義符)
emperor's younger brother 皇弟 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · Book of Song 4, passage 39
Sibling of Emperor Wen of Song (宋文帝)
imperial brothers 友于 · Full siblings
prince/brother 王 · Full siblings
Sources vary in certainty · Book of Song 69, passage 43; Book of Song 71, passage 10
Child of Liu Yu (劉裕)
sons 諸子
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 71, passages 6, 10

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Supervisor of the Central Secretariat 中書監
AD 464 大明八年閏五月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 12
Recorder of Masters of Writing Affairs 錄尚書事
AD 464 大明八年閏五月甲子 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 13
Grand Preceptor 太宰
AD 457 to AD 464 宋大明 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 16, passages 19-20
General Who Establishes Champions 冠軍將軍
AD 424 景平二年二月乙未 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 4, passage 39
Inspector of South Yuzhou 南豫州刺史
AD 424 景平二年二月乙未 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 4, passage 39
Grand Preceptor 太宰
AD 464 大明八年閏五月 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passages 12-13

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Grand Preceptor 太宰
AD 465 永光元年八月癸酉 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 67
Grand Marshal 太尉
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 176
Grand Preceptor 太宰
Held
Directly stated · Book of Song 54, passage 48
Grand Tutor 太傅
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 176
inspector 刺史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 32, passage 198
Director of the Masters of Writing 尚書令
AD 464 大明八年閏五月 · Relieved
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 12
General Who Pacifies the Army 撫軍將軍
Served as
Directly stated · Book of Song 69, passage 30
Prince of Jiangxia 江夏王
AD 464 大明八年閏五月 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passages 12-13
Prince of Jiangxia 江夏王
AD 465 永光元年八月癸酉 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 67
Prince of Jiangxia 江夏王
Held
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 16, passage 20; Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 176; Book of Song 54, passage 48; Book of Song 65, passage 82; Book of Song 69, passage 30
execution 誅
AD 465 永光元年八月癸酉 · Suffered · Authority Emperor Fei I (前廢帝)
Directly stated · Book of Song 7, passage 67

Places and affiliations

Polity Liu Song 宋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 176
Polity Id liu-song · Relation Member of
Strongly inferred · Book of Song 71, passage 145
Polity Id liu-song · Relation Membered
Directly stated · Book of Song 73, passage 314
Polity Id liu-song · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 16, passage 20; Book of Southern Qi 56, passage 19; Book of Song 7, passages 12, 67; Book of Song 54, passage 48; Book of Song 65, passage 82

Works and attributed material

Argued against relocation
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · Book of Song 54, passages 48-50
Letter · Author · With Wang Xuamo (王玄謨) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 76, passage 115
Speech · Speaker · With He Shangzhi (何尚之)
Directly stated · Book of Song 58, passage 139
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 56, passage 20

Events and relationships

Relation Patron of · Person Zhang Gui (張瓌)
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 24, passage 176

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Southern Qi 16, passage 20; Book of Song 7, passages 12, 67; Book of Song 54, passage 51; Book of Song 71, passage 145

References in the histories

Search passages

History

30 passages

Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 16Volume 16 Treatises 8: Official Posts · 1 passage

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宋大明用江夏王義恭，以後無人。 Song's Prince Yigong of Jiangxia held it in the Daming era; after that, no one.

Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 24Volume 24 Biographies 5: Liu Shilong, Zhang Gui · 1 passage

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瓌解褐江夏王太尉行參軍，署外兵，隨府轉爲太傅五官，爲義恭所遇。 Gui first served as acting staff under Prince Jiangxia's Grand Marshal, was assigned to outer military affairs, and when the headquarters shifted became a Five Offices aide under the Grand Tutor, where Yigong favored him.

Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 31Volume 31 Biographies 12: Jiang Mi, Xun Boyu · 1 passage

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泰始四年，江夏王義恭第十五女卒，年十九，未笄。 In the fourth year of Taishi, the fifteenth daughter of Prince of Jiangxia Yigong died at nineteen, before she had undergone the hairpin ceremony.

Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies 13: Wang Kun, Zhang Dai, Chu Xuan, He Ji, Wang Yanzhi, Ruan Tao · 1 passage

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韜少歷清官，爲南兖州別駕，刺史江夏王劉義恭逆求資費錢，韜曰：「此朝廷物。」 In youth Tao rose through clean offices; as aide of southern Yanzhou, when the inspector, Prince Jiangxia Liu Yigong, pressed him for money in advance, Tao said, "This is the court's property."

Book of Southern Qi, Chapter 56Volume 56 Biographies 37: Trusted Officials · 2 passages

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又用魯郡巢尚之，江夏王義恭以爲非選。 He also appointed Chao Shangzhi of Lu commandery, though Prince Yigong of Jiangxia judged the choice improper.

帝遣尚書二十餘牒，宣敕論辯，義恭乃歎曰：「人主誠知人。」 The emperor sent more than twenty dispatches from the Masters of Writing, issuing edicts to argue the point back and forth, until Yigong sighed and said, "The ruler truly knows how to judge men."

Book of Song, Chapter 4Volume 4 Annals 4: Emperor Shao · 1 passage

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乙未，以皇弟義恭為冠軍將軍，南豫州刺史。 On the yiwei day, the emperor's younger brother Yigong was appointed General Who Establishes Champions and Inspector of South Yuzhou.

Book of Song, Chapter 7Volume 7 Annals 7: Emperor Fei I · 3 passages

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太宰江夏王義恭解尚書令，加中書監，驃騎大將軍柳元景加尚書令。 Grand Preceptor Liu Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia, stepped down as Director of the Masters of Writing and was named Supervisor of the Central Secretariat; General of Agile Cavalry Liu Yuanjing was appointed Director of the Masters of Writing.

甲子，置錄尚書，太宰江夏王義恭錄尚書事。 On jiazi day the post of Recorder of the Masters of Writing was created, and Grand Preceptor Liu Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia, was made Recorder of Masters of Writing Affairs.

癸酉，帝自率宿衞兵，誅太宰江夏王義恭、尚書令驃騎大將軍柳元景、尚書左僕射顏師伯、[13]廷尉劉德願。 On guiyou day the emperor personally led the palace guard and executed Grand Preceptor Liu Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia; Director of the Masters of Writing and General of Agile Cavalry Liu Yuanjing; Left Vice Director Yan Shibo; [13] and Director of Justice Liu Deyuan.

Book of Song, Chapter 54Volume 54 Biographies 14: Kong Jigong, Yang Xuanbao, Shen Tanqing · 1 passage

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上使公卿博議，太宰江夏王義恭議曰：「夫訓農修本，有國所同，土著之民，習翫日久，如京師無田，不聞徙居他縣。 The emperor had the high ministers debate the proposal at length. Grand Preceptor, the Prince of Jiangxia, Yigong, argued: "Teaching agriculture and strengthening the foundations are the same for every state. Long-settled natives grow attached to their ways over time; in the capital, when people lack fields, one never hears of relocating them to other counties.

Book of Song, Chapter 58Volume 58 Biographies 18: Wang Hui, Xie Hongwei, Wang Qiu · 1 passage

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錄尚書江夏王義恭謂尚書何尚之曰：「當今乏才，群下宜加戮力，而王球放恣如此，恐宜以法糾之。」 Prince Yigong of Jiangxia, Overseer of the Masters of Writing, told Director He Shangzhi, "The court lacks talent and everyone should exert himself, yet Wang Qiu indulges himself like this—perhaps he ought to be called to account by law."

Book of Song, Chapter 62Volume 62 Biographies 22: Yang Xin, Zhang Fu, Wang Wei · 2 passages

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江夏王義恭鎮江陵，以為撫軍功曹，轉記室參軍。 When Prince of Jiangxia Yigong was stationed at Jiangling, he made Fu Merit Officer on his Pacification Army staff, then Record-House Staff Aide.

時義恭就太祖求一學義沙門，比沙門求見發遣，會敷赴假還江陵，太祖謂沙門曰：「張敷應西，當令相載。」 Yigong had asked Taizu for a learned monk; as the monk awaited travel orders, Fu was returning from leave to Jiangling; Taizu told the monk, "Zhang Fu is heading west—you may travel with him."

Book of Song, Chapter 65Volume 65 Biographies 25: Ji Han, Liu Daochan, Du Ji, Shen Tian · 1 passage

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桂陽公義真鎮長安，辟為州主簿，後為義真車騎行參軍，員外散騎侍郎，江夏王義恭撫軍刑獄參軍，尚書都官郎，長沙王義欣後軍錄事參軍。 When Duke of Guiyang Liu Yizhen held Chang'an, Ji was recruited as provincial chief clerk; he later served as acting aide on Yizhen's chariots and cavalry staff, external attendant gentleman, punishments aide on Prince of Jiangxia Liu Yigong's pacification army staff, director in the Ministry of Justice, and recording aide on Prince of Changsha Liu Yixin's rear guard staff.

Book of Song, Chapter 69Volume 69 Biographies 29: Liu Zhan, Fan Ye · 7 passages

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撫軍將軍江夏王義恭鎮江陵，以湛為使持節、南蠻校尉、領撫軍長史，行府州事。 When Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia and general who pacifies the army, garrisoned Jiangling, he made Zhan envoy holding the tally, colonel of the Southern Man, concurrently chief clerk to the general who pacifies the army, with acting authority over headquarters and provincial affairs.

琰於江陵病卒，湛求自送喪還都，義恭亦為之陳請。 When Yan died of illness at Jiangling, Zhan asked permission to escort the coffin back to the capital himself, and Yigong also petitioned on his behalf.

太祖答義恭曰：「吾亦得湛啟事，為之酸懷，乃不欲苟違所請。 Emperor Taizu replied to Yigong, "I too have received Zhan's memorial, and it pains me; I do not wish lightly to refuse his request.

義恭性甚狷隘，年又漸長，欲專政事，每為湛所裁，主佐之間，嫌隙遂構。 Yigong was narrow-minded by nature, and as he grew older he wished to monopolize administrative affairs, but Zhan repeatedly checked him; resentment thus grew between prince and chief clerk.

太祖聞之，密遣使詰讓義恭，并使深加諧緝。 When Taizu heard of this, he secretly sent an envoy to rebuke Yigong and ordered him to restore harmony with Zhan.

義恭具陳湛無居下之禮，又自以年長，未得行意，雖奉詔旨，頗有怨言。 Yigong detailed how Zhan failed to observe the deference owed by a subordinate, and complained that, though he was the elder, he could not have his way; despite obeying the imperial order, he harbored considerable resentment.

上友于素篤，欲加酬順，乃詔之曰：「事至於此，甚為可歎。 The emperor had always been deeply affectionate toward his brothers and wished to placate Yigong, so he issued an edict saying, "Matters have come to this point—it is deeply regrettable.

Book of Song, Chapter 71Volume 71 Biographies 31: Xu Zhan, Jiang Zhan, Wang Sengchao · 3 passages

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湛之幼孤，為高祖所愛，常與江夏王義恭寢食不離於側。 Zhanzhi lost his father early and was cherished by Gaozu, who kept him at the side of Prince Yigong of Jiangxia day and night.

時改選學職，以太尉江夏王義恭領國子祭酒，湛及侍中何攸之領博士。 Academic offices were reformed; Grand Marshal Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia, became chancellor of the National University, while Zhan and Palace Attendant He Youzhi served as erudites.

初為江夏王義恭司徒參軍，轉始興王文學，秘書丞，司徒左長史，太子中庶子。 He began on Prince Yigong of Jiangxia's staff, then served as literary adjunct under the Prince of Shixing, director of the Secretariat, left chief of staff, and vice-steward of the heir apparent's household.

Book of Song, Chapter 73Volume 73 Biographies 33: Yan Yanzhi · 1 passage

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竣弟測，亦以文章見知，官至江夏王義恭大司徒錄事參軍，蚤卒。 Jun's younger brother Ce was also known for his writing; he rose to Recorder under Prince Yigong of Jiangxia's Grand Minister of Works and died young.

Book of Song, Chapter 76Volume 76 Biographies 36: Zhu Xiuzhi, Zong Que, Wang Xuanmo · 4 passages

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江夏王義恭為征北將軍、南兗州刺史，慤隨鎮廣陵。 When the Prince of Jiangxia, Yigong, served as General Who Pacifies the North and Inspector of Southern Yanzhou, Que accompanied him to Guangling.

義恭舉慤有膽勇，乃除振武將軍，為安西參軍蕭景憲軍副，隨交州刺史檀和之圍區粟城。 Yigong praised his daring and appointed him General Who Quells the Martial, second to Xiao Jingxian on the Western Pacification staff, as they followed Jiaozhou Inspector Tan Hezhi in the siege of Qu Su.

遣代守碻磝，江夏王義恭為征討都督，以為碻磝不可守，召令還，為魏軍所追，大破之，流矢中臂。 He was reassigned to hold Queao. Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia, commanded the punitive force, judged Queao untenable, and recalled him. Wei troops pursued and shattered his column; a stray arrow pierced his arm.

二十八年正月，還至歷城，義恭與玄謨書曰：「聞因敗為成，臂上金瘡，得非金印之徵也。」 In the first month of the twenty-eighth year he reached Licheng. Yigong wrote, "They say defeat turned to victory and a golden wound appeared on your arm—surely that foretells a golden seal?"