Lu Zhi (陸贄) | 24 Histories

Overview

Lu Zhi was a Tang Chancellor and Political Writer.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 779 to AD 805 唐代
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 472, passage 15
AD 780 to AD 805 唐德宗時期
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 169
AD 792 to AD 794 宰相陸贄
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 52, passage 58
AD 780 to AD 805 德宗時
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 45, passages 171, 210
AD 780 to AD 805 德宗時
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 140, passages 56, 58
AD 792 to AD 794 時陸贄、趙憬專大政
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 218

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AD 783 to AD 784 朱泚亂、帝出居奉天
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 144, passage 182
AD 794 罷陸贄、憬當國之際
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 150, passage 111
AD 789 to AD 795 自竇參、陸贄已後
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 127, passage 212
AD 794 to AD 795 裴延齡誣逐陸贄
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 194, passage 181
AD 785 to AD 805 貞元
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 146, passages 64-65
AD 785 to AD 805 貞元中
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 150, passages 100, 107
AD 792 貞元八年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 127, passages 183, 190
AD 785 貞元初
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 53, passages 168, 175
AD 785 to AD 805 貞元時
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 183, passage 89
AD 792 to AD 794 陸贄之賢
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 150, passage 228

Family

Ancestor of Lu Yi (陸扆)
collateral descendant 族孫 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 183, passage 84
Ancestor of Lu Runxiang (陸潤庠)
descendant 後
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 472, passage 15

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Tang official 唐臣
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 169
chancellor 宰相
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 183, passage 84
chancellor 宰臣
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 127, passage 212
Chancellor 相
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 45, passage 210
chief minister 宰相
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 58
admission to Confucian temple sacrifices 從祀文廟
Requested
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 376, passage 162

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Driven out by slander
Exiled
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 146
Entered
Dismissed
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 111
Suffered
AD 794 誣逐 · Driven from office
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 194, passage 181
demoted to Zhongzhou 貶忠州
AD 785 to AD 805 貞元 · Demoted
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 146, passage 65

Places and affiliations

Tang 唐
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · New Book of Tang 45, passage 210
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 127, passage 212; New Book of Tang 183, passages 84, 89
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 169; New Book of Tang 140, passage 56; New Book of Tang 144, passage 182; New Book of Tang 146, passage 64; New Book of Tang 150, passage 111; New Book of Tang 194, passage 181
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 53, passage 168
At Zhongzhou 忠州 · Relation Exiled to
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 146, passage 65

Learning and skills

Skill inner-court documents 內廷文書 · Level renowned
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 183, passage 89

Works and attributed material

Memorial on defense arrangements 守備事宜狀
Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 169
Memorial on defense arrangements 守備事宜狀
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 169
Denounced
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 111
Memorial · Author · Addressed to Dezong (德宗) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 140, passages 58-67
Document · Author
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 182
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passages 58-145

Events and relationships

Argued to promote Can
AD 780 to AD 805 德宗時 · Political · Memorialist · With Miao Can (苗粲)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 140, passages 56, 58, 68
Denounced treachery
Political · Denouncer · With Pei Yanling (裴延齡)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 111
Driven out by slander; reforms not enacted
Political · Victim
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 146
Monopolized major policy
Political · Chief minister · With Zhao Jing (趙憬)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 218
Ordered to draft edict
AD 783 to AD 784 朱泚亂、帝出居奉天 · Political · Drafter · With Dezong (德宗)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 144, passage 182
Reported Hong and Pang to the throne
Political · Reporter · With Zhao Jing (趙憬)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 127, passage 190

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Restored annual selection quotas
Administrative · Reformer
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 45, passage 210
Submitted six point reform memorial on two tax abuses
Political · Remonstrator
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 58
Urged large hedi grain purchases in Guanzhong
Administrative · Official
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 53, passages 168, 175
Relation Political ally of · Person Zhao Jing (趙憬)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 111
Relation Opponent of · Person Pei Yanling (裴延齡)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 111
Relation Suspected factional ties of · Person Li Jifu (李吉甫)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 146, passage 64
Relation Recommender of · Person Miao Can (苗粲)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 140, passage 56

Assessments and attributes

Assessment counsel urgent and earnest but unimplemented · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 146
worthiness 賢
Assessment worthy · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 150, passage 228

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 127, passage 212; New Book of Tang 45, passage 210; New Book of Tang 144, passage 182; New Book of Tang 183, passage 84

References in the histories

Search passages

History

26 passages

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 127Volume 123 Biographies 73: Liu Yan, Di Wuqi, Ban Hong, Ban Shao, Li Xun · 3 passages

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無幾，宏言於宰相趙憬、陸贄曰：「宏職轉運，年運江淮米五十萬斛，前年增七十萬斛，以實太倉，幸無過。 Before long Ban Hong told Chancellors Zhao Jing and Lu Zhi: "In my transport duties I once moved five hundred thousand shi of Jiang-Huai grain each year, and two years ago seven hundred thousand shi to fill the Great Storehouse—and I met every target.

是日，宏稱疾於第，滂往問之，宏不見，憬、贄乃以宏、滂之言上聞。 That day Ban Hong feigned illness at home. When Zhang Pang came to visit, Hong refused to see him. Zhao Jing and Lu Zhi reported both men's words to the throne.

德宗臨馭歲久，機務不由臺司，自竇參、陸贄已後，宰臣備位而已。 Emperor Dezong had ruled for many years, and important business no longer ran through the Secretariat. After Dou Can and Lu Zhi, chancellors were little more than figureheads.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 370Volume 370 Biographies 157: Qi Shan, Yi Libu, Zong Shiqiying · 1 passage

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疏上練兵事宜，繕呈唐臣陸贄守備事宜狀，請下各將軍督撫置諸座右。 He memorialized on military training and submitted a copy of the Tang official Lu Zhi's memorial on defense, asking that every general and governor keep it at hand.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 376Volume 376 Biographies 163: Xin Congyi, Zhang Lin, Gu Gao, Shen Weiqiao, Zhu Wei, Cheng Enze, Wu Jie · 1 passage

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道光二年，督四川學政，疏請以唐陸贄從祀文廟，下部議行。 In 1822 he was appointed educational commissioner of Sichuan and memorialized that the Tang statesman Lu Zhi be admitted to the Confucian temple sacrifices. The ministry deliberated and approved.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 472Volume 472 Biographies 259: Lu Runxiang, Shi Xu, Yi Ketan, Liang Dingfen, Xu Fang, Lao Naixuan, Shen Cengzhi · 1 passage

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潤庠為陸贄後，嘗奏進文集，參以時事，大意謂：「成規未可墨守，而新法亦須斟酌行之。 A descendant of the Tang statesman Lu Zhi, Runxiang once submitted his collected writings to the throne, applying them to current affairs. His main point was: "Old regulations must not be followed blindly, but new policies also had to be carried out with careful judgment.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 45Volume 45 Treatises 40: Selecting and Appointing Officials 2 · 1 passage

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陸贄為相，乃懲其弊，命吏部據內外員三分之，計闕集人，歲以為常。 Chancellor Lu Zhi reformed the abuse, ordering personnel to fill one-third of posts annually according to vacancies.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 52Volume 52 Treatises 48: Finance and Economics 2 · 2 passages

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帝以問宰相陸贄，贄上疏請釐革其甚害者，大略有六：其一曰： The emperor asked chief minister Lu Zhi for remedy. Zhi memorialized with six major reforms. The first point:

贄言雖切，以讒逐，事無施行者。 Zhi's counsel was urgent, but slander drove him out and none of it was enacted.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 53Volume 53 Treatises 43: Finance and Economics 3 · 2 passages

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宰相陸贄以「關中穀賤，請和糴，可至百餘萬斛。 Chancellor Lu Zhi argued: 'Guanzhong grain is cheap. Hedi purchases could reach over a million hu.

帝乃命度支增估糴粟三十三萬斛，然不能盡用贄議。 The emperor ordered the treasury to buy an extra 330,000 hu at premium prices but did not adopt Zhi's full plan.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 140Volume 140 Biographies 65: Cui Miao, Two Pei's, Lu · 2 passages

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粲，德宗時官至郎中，陸贄欲進粲官，帝不許，曰：「晉卿往攝政，有不臣之言。 Can, under Emperor Dezong, reached the office of director; Lu Zhi wished to promote him, but the emperor refused, saying, "When Jinqing served as regent he uttered words of disloyalty.

贄奏：「王者爵人必於朝，刑人必於市，言與眾共之。 Zhi memorialized: "A king who ennobles a man must do so in court; who punishes must do so in the market—meaning the matter is shared with the multitude.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 144Volume 144 Biographies 69: Lai, Tian, Hou, Cui, Yan · 1 passage

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初，命陸贄草制，贄索寧與泚書，將坐其事。 The emperor first ordered Lu Zhi to draft the edict; Lu Zhi asked for Ning's letter to Zhu Ci, intending to use it as evidence.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 146Volume 146 Biographies 71: Two Li's · 3 passages

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陸贄疑有黨，出為明州長史。 Lu Zhi suspected him of factional ties and had him posted out as chief administrator of Mingzhou.

贄之貶忠州，宰相欲害之，起吉甫為忠州刺史，使甘心焉。 When Lu Zhi was demoted to Zhongzhou, the chancellor wished to destroy him and appointed Jifu prefect of Zhongzhou so that he might take satisfaction in Lu Zhi's downfall.

既至，置怨，與結歡，人益重其量，坐是不徙者六歲。 Once he arrived he put aside resentment and befriended Lu Zhi; people admired his magnanimity all the more, and for this reason he was not transferred for six years.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 150Volume 150 Biographies 75: Li, Chang, Zhao, Cui, Qi, Lu · 5 passages

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參罷，進中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事，與陸贄同輔政。 After Can was dismissed, Jing was promoted to Vice Director of the Secretariat and Co-equal Director of the Secretariat-Chancellery, sharing governance with Lu Zhi.

贄於裁決少所讓，又徙憬門下侍郎，繇是不平。 Zhi seldom gave way in policy decisions, and Jing was further transferred to Vice Director of the Chancellery; from this Jing grew resentful.

初，贄約共執退延齡，既對，贄極言其奸，帝色變，憬不為助，遂罷贄，乃始當國。 At first Zhi and Jing had agreed to join forces to remove Yanling. When they faced the throne, Zhi denounced Yanling's treachery at length until the emperor's face changed, but Jing offered no support. Zhi was dismissed, and only then did Jing take control of the government.

時陸贄、趙憬專大政，邁居中，治身循法無它過。 At that time Lu Zhi and Zhao Jing monopolized major policy. Mai stood between them and conducted himself by the law without other fault.

贊曰：楊綰之德，陸贄之賢，而袞、憬以為憎，何哉？ The appraiser says: Yang Guan had virtue and Lu Zhi had talent—yet Chang Gun and Zhao Jing resented them. Why?

New Book of Tang, Chapter 183Volume 183 Biographies 108: Bi, Cui, Liu, Lu, Zheng, Zhu, Han · 2 passages

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陸扆，字祥文，宰相贄族孫。 Lu Yi, whose courtesy name was Xiangwen, was a collateral descendant of the chancellor Lu Zan.

帝覽之，嘆曰：「貞元時，陸贄、吳通玄兄弟善內廷文書，後無繼者，今朕得之。」 When the emperor read his composition, he sighed and said, "In the Zhenyuan era Lu Zan and Wu Tongxuan and his brother were masters of inner-court documents. After them there was no successor—until now, when I have found one in you."

New Book of Tang, Chapter 194Volume 194 Biographies 119: Outstanding Conduct · 2 passages

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及裴延齡誣逐陸贄、張滂、李充等，帝怒甚，無敢言。 When Pei Yanling falsely drove out Lu Zan, Zhang Pang, Li Chong, and others, the emperor was furious beyond measure and none dared speak.

乃約拾遺王仲舒守延英閣上疏極論延齡罪，慷慨引誼，申直贄等，累日不止。 He then joined reminder Wang Zhongshu in guarding the Yanying Pavilion to submit a memorial fiercely denouncing Yanling's crimes, speaking with passionate righteousness and defending Zan and the others, for days without cease.