Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · General and Official

Liu Zhong 劉鍾

c. AD 377 - AD 419

Passages: 26
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Liu Zhong was a general and Official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Shizhi	世之	Shizhi

Life and dates

Death

AD 419 元熙元年
Age Value: 43 · Reckoning: Sui
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 167

Age

43
AD 419 元熙元年 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 167

Attested activity

AD 419 元熙元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 49, passage 167
AD 416 義熙十二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 49, passage 164
AD 418 義熙十四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 49, passage 166
AD 400 隆安四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Song 49, passage 78

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Father of Liu Zhong (劉鍾父)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 90
Parent of Liu Jingshun (劉敬順)
second son 次子
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passages 128, 162
Parent of Liu Jingyi (劉敬義)
son 子
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 125

Kinship Role relatives · Count 10 · ten other relatives reburied
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 90
Kinship Role sons · Count 3
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 165

Career and standing

Right Guards General 右衞將軍
AD 418 義熙十四年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 166
Acting Adjutant on the Grand Commandant's staff 太尉行參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 105
Administrator of Guangchuan 廣川太守
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 95
Administrator of Xiapi 下邳太守
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 105
chief clerk of the commandery 郡主簿
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 81
General Who Leaps like a Dragon 龍驤將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 124

Show 8 more source-backed claims

General Who Pacifies the North 寧朔將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 105
General Who Quells Martiality 振武將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 95
Interior Minister of Nanqi 南齊國內史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 89
General Who Establishes Might 建威將軍
Demoted to
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 161
General Who Leaps like a Dragon 龍驤將軍
Restored
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 163
Baron of Yongxin county 永新縣男
Enfeoffed · Households 500
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 123
fifth-rank marquis of Anqiu county 安丘縣五等侯
Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 89
Title reduced to 建威將軍
Demotion
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 161

Places and affiliations

Polity Id eastern-jin · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 78
At Pengcheng in Pengcheng 彭城彭城
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 75

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · With Zhu Lingshi (朱齡石) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passages 114-120

Events and relationships

Routed ambush
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passages 85-86
Relation Lived with · Person Liu Hui (劉回)
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 76

Assessments and attributes

foot ailment preventing walking during Shu campaign
Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 110
Item famous horses with fine harness 名馬三匹并精麗乘具 · Relation Bestowed · With Founding Emperor (高祖)
Directly stated · Book of Song 49, passage 165

References in the histories

Search passages

History

26 passages

Book of Song, Chapter 49Volume 49 Biographies 9: Sun Chu, Kuai En, Liu Zhong, Yu Qiujin · 26 passages

列傳第九孫處蒯恩劉鐘[1] 虞丘進 Biographies 9: Sun Chu, Kuai En, Liu Zhong, and Yu Qiujin

劉鍾，字世之，彭城彭城人也。 Liu Zhong, whose courtesy name was Shizhi, was a native of Pengcheng in Pengcheng commandery.

隆安四年，高祖伐孫恩，鍾願從餘姚、浹口攻句章、海鹽、婁縣，皆摧堅陷陣，每有戰功。 In the fourth year of Long'an the Founding Emperor marched against Sun En; Zhong volunteered and fought at Juzhang, Haiyan, and Lou county from Yuyao and Jiakou, breaking through every strong position and winning merit in every engagement.

高祖每有戎事，鍾不辭艱劇，專心盡力，甚見愛信。 Whenever the Founding Emperor took the field, Zhong never shrank from hardship, giving himself wholly to the task, and won great trust and favor.

義旗將建，高祖版鍾為郡主簿。 As the righteous banner was about to be raised, the Founding Emperor commissioned Zhong chief clerk of the commandery.

將向京邑，高祖命曰：「預是彭、沛鄉人赴義者，並可依劉主簿。」 As they prepared to march on the capital, the Founding Emperor ordered, "All men of Peng and Pei who have risen in the cause may report to Chief Clerk Liu."

於是立為義隊，恆在左右，連戰皆捷。 A volunteer unit was formed with Zhong always at the Founding Emperor's side, and battle after battle was won.

明日，桓謙屯於東陵，卞範之屯覆舟山西，高祖疑賊有伏兵，顧視左右，正見鍾，謂之曰：「此山下當有伏兵，卿可率部下稍往撲之。」 The next day Huan Qian encamped at Dongling and Bian Fanzhi west of Fuzhou mountain. Suspecting an ambush, the Founding Emperor looked about and spotted Zhong. "There are likely hidden troops on this hillside," he said. "Take your men forward and flush them out."

鍾應聲馳進，果有伏兵數百，一時奔走。 Zhong galloped forward at once; sure enough, several hundred hidden troops broke and fled.

桓玄西奔，其夕，高祖止桓謙故營，遣鍾宿據東府，轉鎮軍參軍督護。 Huan Xuan fled west; that evening the Founding Emperor camped at Huan Qian's former position and sent Zhong to hold the Eastern Palace. Zhong was then made Inspector-and-Protector on the Army Pacification General's staff.

桓歆寇歷陽，遣鍾助豫州刺史魏詠之討之，歆即奔迸。 When Huan Xin raided Liyang, the Founding Emperor sent Zhong to assist Inspector of Yuzhou Wei Yongzhi; Xin fled at once.

司馬叔璠與彭城劉謐、劉懷玉等自蕃城攻鄒山，魯郡太守徐邕失守，鍾率軍討平之。 Sima Shufan with Liu Mi and Liu Huaiyu of Pengcheng and others attacked Zou mountain from Fancheng; when Administrator of Lu commandery Xu Yong lost the city, Zhong led troops to suppress them.

孟龍符陷沒，鍾率左右直入，取其尸而反。 When Meng Longfu was killed in action, Zhong led his personal guard straight into the enemy lines, recovered the body, and returned.

鍾率麾下距柵，身被重創，賊不得入。 Zhong led his men to hold the palisade; though he suffered grave wounds, the rebels could not break through.

循南走，鍾與輔國將軍王仲德追之。 Xun fled south, and Zhong with General Who Assists the State Wang Zhongde pursued him.

鍾自行覘賊，天霧，賊鉤得其舸； Zhong went personally to scout the enemy; fog rolled in, and the rebels hooked and seized his boat;

鍾因率左右攻艦戶，賊遽閉戶距之，鍾乃徐還。 Zhong led his personal guard to attack the hatch of the enemy ship, but the rebels slammed it shut; Zhong then withdrew at an unhurried pace.

鍾追討百里，燒其船乘。 Zhong pursued them for a hundred li and burned their ships.

高祖討劉毅，鍾率軍繼王鎮惡。 When the Founding Emperor marched against Liu Yi, Zhong led an army in support of Wang Zhen'e.

鍾于時腳疾不能行，齡石乃詣鍾謀曰：「今天時盛熱，而賊嚴兵固險，攻之未必可拔，祗增疲困。 Zhong was then afflicted with a foot ailment and could not walk; Lingshi came to consult him. "The weather is fiercely hot," he said, "and the enemy holds strong positions with a tight defense. An assault may not succeed and will only wear our men down.

鍾曰：「不然。 Zhong replied, "I disagree.

冶亭羣盜數百夜襲鍾壘，距擊破之。 Several hundred bandits at Yeting raided Zhong's camp by night; he fought them off and routed them.

時大軍外討，京邑擾懼，鍾以不能鎮遏，降號建威將軍。 While the main army was away on campaign the capital was thrown into alarm; because Zhong could not restore order, his title was reduced to General Who Establishes Might.

十二年，高祖北伐，復留鎮居守，增其兵力，又命府置佐史。 In the twelfth year, when the Founding Emperor marched north, Zhong was again left to guard the capital; his forces were increased, and he was ordered to appoint staff assistants and clerks for his headquarters.

荊州刺史道憐獻名馬三匹，并精麗乘具，高祖悉以賜鍾三子。 Inspector of Jingzhou Daolian presented three famous horses with fine harness and riding gear, and the Founding Emperor gave them all to Zhong's three sons.

鍾次子高昌男敬順，卒，子國須嗣。 Zhong's second son Jingshun, Baron of Gaochang, died, and his son Guoxu succeeded.