Liu Shen (劉詵) | 24 Histories

Overview

Liu Shen was an official and Judge.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Jishi	濟時

Life and dates

Death

AD 1086
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 103

Attested activity

AD 1076 大康二年六月丁未
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 23, passage 109
AD 1078 大康四年十月癸卯
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 23, passage 169
AD 1036 AD 1036-1086
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passages 82, 103
AD 1080 六年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 24, passage 44
AD 1067 咸雍三年十二月丁未
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 22, passage 120
AD 1066 咸雍二年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 97, passages 104, 106

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AD 1066 咸雍二年五月辛巳
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 22, passage 84
AD 1065 to AD 1066 咸雍初
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 91, passage 82
AD 1055 to AD 1101 道宗之世
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 60, passages 41, 44
AD 1032 to AD 1055 重熙中
Directly stated · History of Liao 48, passage 23
AD 1036 重熙五年
Directly stated · History of Liao 48, passage 136

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Father of Liu Shen
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 90

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Ethnicity Han 漢人
Directly stated · History of Liao 91, passage 82

Career and standing

associate privy commissioner 樞密副使
AD 1067 咸雍三年十二月丁未 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 22, passage 120
associate privy commissioner 樞密副使
AD 1066 咸雍二年五月辛巳 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 22, passage 84
Associate Administrator of Affairs 參知政事
AD 1066 咸雍二年十二月壬午 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 22, passage 95
Associate Administrator of Affairs 參知政事
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 23, passage 109
military commissioner of Baojing Army 保靜軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 23, passage 169
Three Bureaus Vice Commissioner 三司副使
AD 1032 to AD 1055 重熙中 · Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 48, passage 23

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Zhangwu Army military commissioner recorder / secretariat secretary 彰武軍節度使掌書記
AD 1036 重熙五年 · Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 48, passage 136
Associate Administrator of Affairs 參知政事
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 24, passage 44
Han mobile palace deputy deployment director 漢人行宮副部署
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 23, passage 109
Households Commissioner 戶部使
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 60, passage 44
Southern Chancellery Privy Councilor 南院樞密使
Promoted
Directly stated · History of Liao 60, passage 44
三司副使 / Vice Commissioner of the Three Bureaus
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 90
上京留守 / regent of the Upper Capital
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 100
保靜軍節度使 / military commissioner of Baojing Army
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 99
南京副留守 / vice regent of the Southern Capital
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 91
南院樞密副使 / Southern Chancellery Vice Privy Commissioner
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 93
參知政事 / Associate Administrator of Affairs
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 96
大理卿 / Director of the Court of Justice
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 89
大理少卿 / Vice Director of the Court of Justice
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 88
大理正 / Director of the Court of Justice
AD 1036 Chongxi 5
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 84
守太子太保 / Guardian Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 100
崇義軍節度使 / military commissioner of Chongyi Army
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passages 92, 101
彰武軍節度使掌書記 / recorder to the Zhangwu Army military commissioner
AD 1036 Chongxi 5
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 84
戶部使 / Households Commissioner
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 93
提點大理寺 / supervising director of the Court of Justice
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 90
樞密都承旨 / chief usher of the Privy Council
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 86
權中京副留守 / acting vice regent of the Central Capital
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 86
西京副留守 / vice regent of the Western Capital
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 89
諫議大夫 / Remonstrance Grandee
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 90
Entered
Retired
Directly stated · History of Liao 24, passage 44

Places and affiliations

Polity Id liao · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Liao 48, passages 23, 136; History of Liao 60, passage 44; History of Liao 97, passage 106
Was from Wanping and bore courtesy name Jishi.
Origin
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 82
At Zhangwu Army 彰武軍 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · History of Liao 48, passage 136

Learning and skills

Was quick witted in youth and later known for literary composition.
Education
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 83
Passed the jinshi examination in Chongxi 5.
AD 1036 Chongxi 5 · Examination
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 84

Events and relationships

As Households Commissioner submitted annual surplus money of three hundred thousand strings.
Finance
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 93
As military commissioner of Chongyi Army, governed quietly; crows and magpies nesting together prompted imperial praise.
Administration
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 92
Delivered annual surplus
AD 1055 to AD 1101 道宗之世 · Administrative · Official · Outcome 300,000 strings 三十萬繦
Directly stated · History of Liao 60, passage 44
Objected to relocating wealthy households to Chun and Tai Prefectures, and had the order cancelled.
Policy action
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 87
Told the emperor he did not fear Yixin, much less the chancellor.
Bold reply
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passages 97-98
Urged the emperor to attend to a case report because rulers must value people's lives.
Remonstrance
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 85

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With Zhao Hui and Han Zao, distributed porridge daily during famine in Yan and Ji, saving countless people.
AD 1086 · Charity
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 102

Assessments and attributes

Assessment Daozong said only Yelu Jue and Liu Shen were loyal and upright. · Imperial assessment · Mode textual
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 94
Assessment Historians praised his thrice serving the Court of Justice, his Households Bureau service, and his loyalty and uprightness. · Historians assessment · Mode textual
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passage 114
Assessment Was known for legal clarity, mercy, and saving many from wrongful imprisonment. · Judicial assessment · Mode textual
Directly stated · History of Liao 98, passages 88, 91

Source notes

劉詵 / 劉伸
Field personal-name
Uncertain · History of Liao 23, passages 109, 169
Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Liao 60, passage 44

References in the histories

Search passages

History

25 passages

History of Liao, Chapter 22Volume 22 Annals 22: Daozong 2 · 3 passages

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辛巳，以戶部使劉詵為樞密副使。 On xinsi day Household Commissioner Liu Shen was made associate privy commissioner.

冬十二月壬午，以知樞密院事楊績為南院樞密使，樞密副使劉詵參知政事。 On renwu day of the twelfth winter month Yang Ji, who administered Privy Council affairs, was made Southern Court privy commissioner; associate privy commissioner Liu Shen was made Associate Administrator of Affairs.

十二月丁未，以參知政事劉詵為樞密副使，東北路詳穩高八南院大王，樞密直學士張孝傑參知政事。 On dingwei day of the twelfth month Associate Administrator of Affairs Liu Shen was made associate privy commissioner; Northeast Route detail-stable Gao Ba Southern Court great king; Privy Council academician Zhang Xiaojie Associate Administrator of Affairs.

History of Liao, Chapter 23Volume 23 Annals 23: Daozong 3 · 2 passages

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丁未，冊皇后蕭氏，封其父祗候郎君鱉裏剌為趙王，叔西北路招討使餘里也遼西郡王，兄漢人行宮都部署、駙馬都慰霞抹柳城郡王，參知政事楊遵勖知南院樞密使事，北院樞密使副蕭速撒知北院樞密使事，漢人行宮副部署劉詵參知政事。 On dingwei day Empress Xiao was invested; her father attendant langjun Bieliuli was enfeoffed Prince of Zhao; her uncle Northwest Route pacification commissioner Yuliye Prince of Liaoxi; her elder brother Han mobile palace deployment director and imperial son-in-law Xiamo Prince of Liucheng; Associate Administrator of Affairs Yang Zunxu was made administrator of Southern Court privy affairs; Northern Court associate privy commissioner Xiao Susa administrator of Northern Court privy affairs; Han mobile palace deputy deployment director Liu Shen Associate Administrator of Affairs.

冬十月癸卯，以參知政事劉伸為保靜軍節度使。 On guimao day of the tenth winter month Associate Administrator of Affairs Liu Shen was made military commissioner of Baojing Army.

History of Liao, Chapter 24Volume 24 Annals 24: Daozong 4 · 1 passage

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庚午，參知政事劉詵致仕。 On gengwu day Associate Administrator of Affairs Liu Shen retired.

History of Liao, Chapter 48Volume 48 Treatises 18: Official Posts 4 · 2 passages

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劉伸，重熙中為三司副使。 Liu Shen served in Chongxi as Three Bureaus vice commissioner.

劉伸，重熙五年為彰武軍節度使掌書記。 Chongxi year 5: Liu Shen as Zhangwu Army military commissioner recorder.

History of Liao, Chapter 60Volume 60 Treatises 30: Finance and Economics 2 · 1 passage

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劉伸為戶部使，歲入羨余錢三十萬繦，擢南院樞密使。 Liu Shen, as households commissioner, delivered three hundred thousand strings in annual surplus and was promoted to privy councilor of the Southern Chancellery.

History of Liao, Chapter 91Volume 91 Biographies 21: Yelu Hanba, Yelu Tanggu, Xiao Paizhe, Yelu Jue, Yelu Pulidu · 2 passages

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嘗謂宰相曰：「契丹忠正無如玦者，漢人則劉伸而已。 He once told the chancellor, "Among the Khitan none is so loyal and upright as Jue; among the Han, only Liu Shen.

然熟察之，玦優於伸。」 Yet on close examination, Jue surpasses Shen."

History of Liao, Chapter 97Volume 97 Biographies 27: Yelu Wotela, Hai Li, Dou Jingyong, Yelu Yinji, Yang Ji, Zhao Hui, Wang Guan, Yelu Xisun · 2 passages

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帝曰：「方今群臣忠直，耶律玦、劉伸而已； The emperor said, "Among the ministers today who are loyal and upright, only Yelu Jue and Liu Shen remain;

然伸不及玦之剛介。」 yet Shen does not match Jue in firm integrity."

History of Liao, Chapter 98Volume 98 Biographies 28: Xiao Wuna, Yelu Yan, Liu Shen, Yelu Hulu · 12 passages

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蕭兀納耶律儼劉伸耶律胡呂 Xiao Wuna, Yelu Yan, Liu Shen, and Yelu Hulu

劉伸，字濟時，宛平人。 Liu Shen, courtesy name Jishi, was from Wanping.

因奏獄，上適與近臣語，不顧，伸進曰：「臣聞自古帝王必重民命，願陛下省臣之奏。」 Once while presenting a case report the emperor was chatting with courtiers and ignored him; Shen stepped forward: "Since antiquity wise rulers have held the people's lives sacred; I beg Your Majesty to hear my report."

詔徙富民以實春、泰二州，伸以為不可，奏罷之。 When an edict ordered wealthy households relocated to populate Chun and Tai Prefectures, Shen objected and had the order revoked.

以伸明法而恕，案冤獄全活者眾，徙南京副留守。 Known for mastery of the law and merciful judgment, he saved many from false imprisonment, and was transferred to vice regent of the Southern Capital.

道宗嘗謂大臣曰：「今之忠直，耶律玦、劉伸而已！」 Daozong once told his ministers: "Today only Yelu Jue and Liu Shen are truly loyal and upright!"

時北院樞密使乙辛勢焰方熾，伸奏曰：「臣於乙辛尚不畏，何宰相之畏！」 Yixin, Northern Privy Commissioner, was at the height of his power; Shen replied: "If I do not fear Yixin, why should I fear the chancellor?"