Overview
Li Jiqian was a ruler of Western Xia.
PeriodSong, Liao, and Jin
IdentityHistorical · Male
Life and dates
Death
- AD 1003 統和二十一年五月丁巳Directly stated · History of Liao 14, passage 79
Attested activity
- AD 992 統和十年二月Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 76
- AD 992 統和十年二月庚寅Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 79
- AD 992 統和十年十月壬申Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 89
- AD 997 壬子Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 271
- AD 997 己卯Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 254
- AD 1000 統和18年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 14, passage 9
Show 22 more source-backed claims
- AD 1003 統和21年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 14, passage 79
- AD 986 統和四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 11, passage 10
- AD 986 聖宗統和四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 46, passages 267-268
- AD 988 統和六年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 12, passage 26
- AD 989 統和七年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 12, passages 102, 135, 142
- AD 990 統和八年三月丁丑Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 7
- AD 990 統和八年九月壬辰Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 27
- AD 990 統和八年十二月庚戌Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 35
- AD 990 統和八年十二月癸卯Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 33
- AD 991 統和九年七月己未Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 60
- AD 991 統和九年十二月Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 71
- AD 991 統和九年十月壬申Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 68
- AD 991 統和九年四月乙亥Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 53
- AD 983 to AD 1000 統和Directly stated · History of Liao 82, passage 25
- AD 1002 明年Dated from the passage context · History of Song 268, passage 216
- AD 994 明年Dated from the passage context · History of Song 253, passage 177
- AD 990 是歲Dated from the passage context · History of Song 256, passages 155-156
- AD 995 歲餘Dated from the passage context · History of Song 253, passage 32
- AD 990 繼遷再立國Dated from the passage context · History of Jin 134, passage 189
- AD 995 to AD 997 至道中Dated from the passage context · History of Song 289, passage 138
- AD 996 至道二年Dated from the passage context · History of Song 253, passages 182, 184
- AD 993 to AD 997 間歲以來Dated from the passage context · History of Song 268, passages 182-183
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Spouse of Princess Yicheng (義成公主)married below 下嫁 · Marriage · AD 986 統和四年
married 下嫁 · Marriage
marriage alliance 婚 · Marriage · AD 986 統和四年
married 下嫁 · Marriage · AD 989 統和七年夏四月戊戌Directly stated · History of Liao 11, passages 208-209; History of Liao 12, passage 142 - Sibling of Li Jipeng (李繼捧)elder brother 兄 · Full siblingsDirectly stated · History of Liao 12, passage 102
- Ancestor of Yuanhao (元昊)Jiqian…Yuanhao 繼遷…元昊 · paternal lineStrongly inferred · History of Jin 134, passage 189
- Spouse of Mother of Li Dezhao (李德昭母)mother of his son 母 · MarriageStrongly inferred · History of Liao 14, passage 192
- Parent of Son of Li Jiqian (李繼遷之子)son 子Directly stated · History of Song 268, passage 183
- Parent of Li Dezhao (李德昭)son 子Directly stated · History of Liao 14, passages 9, 79
- Descendant of Tuoba Sigong (托跋思恭)Tuoba Sigong…Jiqian 托跋思恭…繼遷 · paternal lineStrongly inferred · History of Jin 134, passages 188-189
Key source chapters
- History of Liao, Chapter 13 Volume 13 Annals 13: Shengzong 4 10 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 12 Volume 12 Annals 12: Shengzong 3 4 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 14 Volume 14 Annals 14: Shengzong 5 4 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 82 Volume 82 Biographies 12: Yelu Longyun, Yelu Boguzhe, Xiao Yanga, Wu Bai, Xiao Changge, Yelu Hugu 3 passages
- History of Song, Chapter 253 Volume 253 Biographies 12: Zhe Deyi, Feng Jiye, Wang Chengmei, Li Jizhou, Sun Xingyou 3 passages
Career and standing
- Dingnan Army military commissioner 定難軍節度使AD 986 統和四年 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Liao 11, passage 10
- Xiazhou inner-district tribal commissioner 夏州管內蕃落使AD 986 聖宗統和四年 · ConferredDated from the passage context · History of Liao 46, passages 267-268
- King of Xiping 西平王AD 997 己卯 · EnfeoffedDated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 254
- King of Xia 夏國王AD 990 統和八年十二月庚戌 · GrantedDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 35
- Palace Secretary 尚書令Posthumously grantedDirectly stated · History of Liao 14, passage 80
- King of Xia 夏國王AD 990 統和八年十二月庚戌 · EnfeoffedDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 35
Show 3 more source-backed claims
- Western Peace King 西平王HeldDirectly stated · History of Liao 14, passage 9
- Western Xia King 夏國王HeldDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 254
- submitted to Liao from Song 叛宋來降AD 986 統和四年 · Submission · EnteredDirectly stated · History of Liao 11, passage 10
Places and affiliations
- Western Xia 夏國Relation RuledDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 254
- Polity Tangut 李繼遷勢力 · Relation LedStrongly inferred · History of Song 289, passage 138
- Polity Western Xia 夏國 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passages 35, 53
- Polity Western Xia 西夏 · Relation LedStrongly inferred · History of Song 253, passages 177, 183
- Polity Id liao · Relation ServedDirectly stated · History of Liao 11, passage 10
- Polity Id liao · Relation ServedDated from the passage context · History of Liao 46, passages 267-268
Show 2 more source-backed claims
- AD 986 聖宗統和四年At Xiazhou 夏州 · Relation Posted toDated from the passage context · History of Liao 46, passages 267-268
- At Ling and Xia 靈、夏 · Relation Active inDirectly stated · History of Song 268, passage 182
Works and attributed material
- AD 990 統和八年冬十月丙午Report · Author · ParaphrasedStrongly inferred · History of Liao 13, passage 28
Events and relationships
- Campaign launched againstAD 995 to AD 997 至道中 · Military · TargetDirectly stated · History of Song 289, passage 138
- Captured Song Lin Fu prefecturesAD 990 統和八年十二月癸卯 · Military · Commander · At Lin and Fu prefectures 麟、鄜等州Directly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 33
- ConferredAD 986 聖宗統和四年 · Appointment · AppointeeDated from the passage context · History of Liao 46, passages 267-268
- Defeated Song and reportedAD 990 統和八年冬十月丙午 · Military · CommanderDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 28
- EnfeoffedAD 997 己卯 · Enfeoffment · RecipientDated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 254
- Intercepted on the roadDirectly stated · History of Song 253, passage 184
Show 21 more source-backed claims
- Presented Song captivesAD 990 統和八年九月壬辰 · Military · CommanderDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 27
- Presented Song edict commandsAD 991 統和九年十月壬申 · Diplomatic · SenderDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 68
- Protested Han Dewei raidsDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 79
- Re established statePolitical · FounderDirectly stated · History of Jin 134, passage 189
- Recovered Sui and YinAD 991 統和九年七月己未 · Military · Commander · At Sui and Yin prefectures 綏、銀二州Strongly inferred · History of Liao 13, passage 60
- Refused to appear raided LingAD 992 統和十年二月 · Military · Actor · At Ling Prefecture 靈州Directly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 76
- Reported victory over SongAD 991 統和九年二月丙午 · Diplomatic · SenderStrongly inferred · History of Liao 13, passage 44
- Requested marriage allianceAD 986 統和四年 · Diplomatic · PetitionerDirectly stated · History of Liao 11, passage 208
- Secretly renewed ties with SongAD 991 統和九年十二月 · Diplomatic · ActorDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 71
- Sent tribute envoysAD 990 統和八年三月丁丑 · Diplomatic · SenderDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 7
- Sent tributeAD 992 統和十年十月壬申 · Diplomatic · SenderDirectly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 89
- Sent tributeDiplomatic · SenderDirectly stated · History of Liao 12, passages 26, 135
- Submitted to liaoDiplomatic · SubmitterDirectly stated · History of Liao 82, passage 25
- Thanked via envoysAD 997 壬子 · Diplomatic · BeneficiaryDated from the passage context · History of Liao 13, passage 271
- Troubled the frontierAD 990 是歲 · Military · AggressorDirectly stated · History of Song 256, passages 155-156
- Turned toward civilization and asked to resume tributeSubmission · SubmitterDirectly stated · History of Song 268, passage 183
- Turned ungratefulRebellion · Rebel · At Ling and Xia 靈、夏Directly stated · History of Song 268, passage 182
- Urged invasionDated from the passage context · History of Song 253, passage 32
- Was campaign targetDirectly stated · History of Song 253, passage 177
- Military · Undestroyed enemy · At western frontier 西鄙Directly stated · History of Song 268, passage 216
- AD 991 統和九年四月乙亥Directly stated · History of Liao 13, passage 53
Source notes
- Historicity historical
- Value historicalDirectly stated · History of Liao 46, passage 268
References in the histories
34 passages
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