Ming · Astronomer

Kepler 刻白爾

Kebaier

Attested AD 1571 - AD 1630

Passages: 5
Chapters: 2
Histories: 1

Overview

Kepler was an Astronomer.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1571 to AD 1630 近世刻白爾、噶西尼等
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 26, passage 44

Key source chapters

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 50 Volume 50 Treatises 25: Calendar 6 4 passages
Draft History of Qing, Chapter 26 Volume 26 Treatises 1: Astronomy 1, Celestial Phenomena, Earth Shape, and Terrestrial Distances 1 passage

Origins and identity

Western 西人
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 26, passage 44; Draft History of Qing 50, passage 32

Career and standing

astronomer 西人
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 50, passages 12, 32

Events and relationships

Developed elliptical orbit method
Scientific · Investigator
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 50, passages 32, 49
Took deferent as ellipse
Scholarly · Theorist · Mode named-source-report Source Work Daily Solar Motion Treatise (Later Compilation) 考成後編日躔歷理
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 26, passage 44

References in the histories

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 26Volume 26 Treatises 1: Astronomy 1, Celestial Phenomena, Earth Shape, and Terrestrial Distances · 1 passage

考成後編日躔歷理云：「西法自多祿某以至第谷，立為本天高卑、本輪、均輪諸說，近世刻白爾、噶西尼等，又以本天為橢圓。」 The Daily Solar Motion Treatise notes: "From Ptolemy through Tycho came deferents, epicycles, and eccentrics; Kepler and Cassini made the deferent elliptical."

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 50Volume 50 Treatises 25: Calendar 6 · 4 passages

黃赤大距，古闊而今狹，恆有減而無增，西人利酌理、噶西尼測定黃赤大距二十三度二十九分，比第谷所定少二分三十秒，比刻白爾所定少一分。 The obliquity of the ecliptic was greater in antiquity and has steadily narrowed; Riccioli and Cassini measured it at 23°29′ — 2′30″ below Tycho and 1′ below Kepler.

西人刻白爾以來，屢加精測，盈縮之最大差止一度五十六分一十二秒。 Since Kepler, repeated precision measurements have fixed the maximum equation of center at 1°56′12″.

自西人刻白爾創橢圓之法，奈端等累測月離，得日當月天中距時最大遲疾差為四度五十七分五十七秒，兩心差為四三三一九０。 Since Kepler introduced elliptical theory, Newton and his successors measured lunar motion repeatedly: when the Sun is at the Moon's mean distance, the maximum equation is 4°57′57″ and the eccentricity 433,190.

西人刻白爾以來，奈端等屢加測驗，得日在最卑後太陰平行常遲，最高平行、正交平行常速。 Since Kepler, Newton and his successors found that after solar perigee the Moon's mean motion is consistently slow, while mean apogee and mean node motions are fast.