Ancient China · Zhou Statesman and Teacher

Duke of Shao 邵

Shao

Attested c. BC 1100 - c. BC 1000

Passages: 15
Chapters: 9
Histories: 4

Overview

Duke of Shao was a Zhou Statesman and Teacher.

Life and dates

Attested activity

legendary antiquity
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 91, passage 53
c. BC 1100 to c. BC 1046 Duke of Shao (early Western Zhou)
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 73, passage 77
c. BC 1040 to c. BC 1000 令燕修召公之政
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 62, passage 28
c. BC 1040 召公
Directly stated · History of Ming 115, passage 24
BC 1046 to BC 1000 周、召之佐
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 89, passage 45
BC 1046 to BC 1000 周初
Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 31, passage 109

Key source chapters

Book of Han, Chapter 89 Volume 78: Xiao Wangzhi 4 passages
Book of Han, Chapter 96 Volume 85: Gu Yong and Du Ye 3 passages
Book of Han, Chapter 88 Volume 77: Gai, Zhuge, Liu, Zheng, Sun, Wujiang and He 2 passages
Book of Han, Chapter 76 Volume 65: Dongfang Shuo 1 passage
Book of Han, Chapter 91 Volume 80: The Six Sons of Emperors Xuan and Yuan 1 passage

Places and affiliations

Polity Zhou 周 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Records of the Grand Historian 62, passage 28

Events and relationships

Cited as a standard of achievement
BC 259 四十八年 · Historical comparison · Exemplar
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 73, passages 69, 77
Relation Teacher of · Person King Kang of Zhou (周康王)
Directly stated · History of Ming 115, passage 24

Assessments and attributes

Assessment model government restored in Yan · Mode narrative
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 62, passage 28
Assessment Shao Gong's achievements were invoked as an unsurpassed historical standard · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Su Dai (蘇代)
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 73, passage 77

References in the histories

Search passages

History

15 passages

Book of Han, Chapter 76Volume 65: Dongfang Shuo · 1 passage

譬若以周、邵為丞相，孔丘為御史大夫，太公為將軍，畢公高拾遺於後，弁嚴子為衛尉，皋陶為大理，後稷為司農，伊尹為少府，子贛使外國，顏、閔為博士，子夏為太常，益為右扶風，季路為執金吾，契為鴻臚，龍逢為宗正，伯夷為京兆，管仲為馮翊，魯般為將作，仲山甫為光祿，申伯為太僕，延陵季子為水衡，百里奚為典屬國，柳下惠為大長秋，史魚為司直，蘧伯玉為太傅，孔父為詹事，孫叔敖為諸侯相，子產為郡守，王慶忌為期門，夏育為鼎官，羿為旄頭，宋萬為式道候。」 Imagine the Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Shao as your chancellors; Confucius as chief censor; the Grand Duke as commander; Duke Bi Gao as court remonstrant; Bian Zhuangzi as captain of the guard; Gao Yao as chief judge; Hou Ji as minister of agriculture; Yi Yin as palace treasurer; Zigong as foreign envoy; Yan Hui and Min Ziqian as court scholars; Zixia as master of rites; Yi as western capital intendant; Zilu as capital commandant; Xie as master of guest ceremonies; Guan Longpeng as keeper of the imperial genealogy; the minister Boyi as metropolitan governor; Guan Zhong as northern capital intendant; Lu Ban as chief engineer; Zhong Shanfu as palace chamberlain; the Earl of Shen as master of the horse; Prince Jizi of Yanling as keeper of parks and waters; Baili Xi as commissioner for dependent peoples; Liuxia Hui as chamberlain to the empress; Shi Yu as censor of conduct; Qu Boyu as grand tutor; Kong Fu as supervisor of the heir apparent's household; Sunshu Ao as chancellor to the feudal lords; Zichan as commandery governor; Prince Qingji as a palace gate guard; Xia Yu as cauldron officer; Yi the Archer as vanguard officer; and Song Wan as road-clearing scout."

Book of Han, Chapter 88Volume 77: Gai, Zhuge, Liu, Zheng, Sun, Wujiang and He · 2 passages

是時，上方用刑法，信任中尚書宦官，寬饒奏封事曰：「方今聖道浸廢，儒術不行，以刑余為周、召，以法律為《詩》、《書》。」 Kuangrao submitted a sealed memorial saying, "Today the sage way is gradually abandoned, Confucian learning does not prevail; mutilated convicts are treated as the Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Shao, and statutes are taken for the Odes and Documents."

寶曰：「周公上聖，召公大賢，尚猶有不相說，著於經典，兩不相損。 Bao said, "The Duke of Zhou was a supreme sage, and the Duke of Shao a great worthy, yet even they had disagreements, as is recorded in the classics, and neither was diminished by it.

Book of Han, Chapter 89Volume 78: Xiao Wangzhi · 4 passages

政教一傾，雖有周、召之佐，恐不能復。 Tilt policy and morals once, and not even Zhou and Shao could set them straight again.

朋奏記望之曰：「將軍體周、召之德，秉公綽之質，有卞莊之威。 Zheng Peng submitted a note to Wangzhi, saying, "General, you embody the virtue of the Dukes of Zhou and Shao, possess the character of Meng Gongchuo, and command the awe of Bian Zhuang.

今將軍規模，云若管、晏而休，遂行日仄至周、召乃留乎？ Will you, General, set your ambition like Guan Zhong and Yan Ying and then rest, or press on past sunset until the Zhou dukes themselves detain you?

如將軍昭然度行，積思塞邪枉之險蹊，宣中庸之常政，興周、召之遺業，親日仄之兼聽，則下走其庶幾願竭區區，底厲鋒鍔，奉萬分之一。」 If instead the general opened straight paths, sealed off crooked schemes, enacted the steady policy of the Mean, revived the Zhou dukes' work, and listened wide and late, Peng would sharpen every talent and give the thousandth part of what he could."

Book of Han, Chapter 91Volume 80: The Six Sons of Emperors Xuan and Yuan · 1 passage

事成功立，大王即有周、邵之名，邪臣散亡，公卿變節，功德亡比，而梁、趙之寵必歸大王，外家亦將富貴，何復望大王之金錢？」 Success would give you the stature of the Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Shao, sweep the sycophants from power, and turn every minister’s coat—while the favor now lavished on Liang and Zhao would fall to you and your wife’s clan. Why haggle over gold?”

Book of Han, Chapter 96Volume 85: Gu Yong and Du Ye · 3 passages

永聞之，與譚書曰：「君侯躬周召之德，執管晏之操，敬賢下士，樂善不倦，宜在上將久矣，以大將軍在，故抑鬱於家，不得舒憤。 Yong wrote to Tan: "You bear the virtue of the Duke of Zhou and Duke of Shao and the conduct of Guan Zhong and Yan Ying, honoring worthies and delighting in good without weariness—you should long have stood among the chief generals. While the grand general lived you were kept at home and could not vent your grievance.

音用從舅越親輔政，威權損於鳳時，永復說音曰：「將軍覆上將之位，食豪腴之都，任周、召之職，擁天下之樞，可謂富貴之極，人臣無二，天下之責四面至矣，將何以居之？ When Yin came to power through a maternal uncle and his authority fell short of Wang Feng's, Yong urged him: "You hold a marshal's rank, feed on the richest commanderies, bear the burden of the Zhou dukes, and turn the empire's hinge—you have reached the peak of wealth and power, yet blame now converges from every quarter. How will you bear it?

周召則不然，忠以相輔，義以相匡，同己之親，等己之尊，不以聖德獨兼國寵，又不為長專受榮任，分職於陝，並為弼疑。 The Duke of Zhou and Duke of Shao were not so—loyal in mutual aid, righteous in mutual correction, treating kin as themselves and honor as their own, not monopolizing state favor, not as elders monopolizing glory, apportioning duties at Shan, both serving as assistants and guides.

Book of Later Han, Chapter 31Volume 28a: Biographies of Huan Tan; Feng Yan · 1 passage

今海內潰亂，人懷漢德，甚于詩人思召公也，愛其甘棠，而況子孫乎？ The realm is in ruins, yet the people cling to Han as the poets clung to the memory of the Duke of Shao under the sweet pear—how much more his heirs?

History of Ming, Chapter 115Volume 115 Biographies 3: Emperor Xingzong Xiaokang, Emperor Ruizong Xingxian · 1 passage

昔周公教成王克詰戎兵，召公教康王張惶六師，此居安慮危，不忘武備。 The Duke of Zhou taught King Cheng to master arms; the Duke of Shao taught King Kang to keep the six hosts on alert—security that still remembers war.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 62Biographies of Guan and Yan · 1 passage

桓公實北征山戎，而管仲因而令燕修召公之政。 Duke Huan's northern expedition was in fact against the Mountain Rong, but Guan Zhong used it to have Yan restore Duke Shao's government.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 73Biographies of Bai Qi and Wang Jian · 1 passage

武安君所為秦戰勝攻取者七十餘城，南定鄢、郢、漢中，北禽趙括之軍，雖周、召、呂望之功不益於此矣。 Lord Wu'an's victories for Qin—conquering over seventy cities, pacifying Yan and Ying in the south, taking Hanzhong, capturing Zhao Kuo's forces in the north—even the achievements of Zhou Gong, Shao Gong, and Lu Wang would not surpass this.