Sui and Tang · Warlord

Dou Jiande 竇建德

Dòu Jiàndé

Attested AD 617 - AD 621

Passages: 8
Chapters: 4
Histories: 2

Overview

Dou Jiande was a warlord.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 619 化及敗，沒於竇建德
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 36, passages 250-251
AD 617 to AD 621 太宗破之
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 21, passage 208
AD 618 宇文化及至山東
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 92, passage 139
AD 621 帝之破竇建德
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 21, passage 287
AD 620 to AD 621 從戰東都
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 92, passage 182
AD 618 義寧二年
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 84, passages 144, 150

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Suffered
Defeated
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 21, passage 287

Places and affiliations

Polity Xia 夏 · Relation Ruled
Strongly inferred · New Book of Tang 21, passage 287

Works and attributed material

Memorial · Author · With Li Mi (李密) · Paraphrased
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 84, passage 150

Events and relationships

Defeated by
AD 621 帝之破竇建德 · Military · Defeated party · With Taizong (太宗)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 21, passage 287
Defeated by
Military · Defeated party · With Taizong (太宗)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 21, passage 208
Did not dare detain
AD 619 突厥處羅可汗遣使迎后於洺州 · Diplomatic · Detainer · With Empress Xiao (蕭皇后) · At Mozhou 洺州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 36, passage 251
Received captive
AD 619 化及敗，沒於竇建德 · Military · Captor · With Empress Xiao (蕭皇后)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 36, passage 250
Submitted a memorial urging Li Mi to ascend the throne
Political · Petitioner · With Li Mi (李密)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 84, passage 150

Source notes

Value historical
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 84, passage 150

References in the histories

Search passages

History

8 passages

Book of Sui, Chapter 36Volume 36 Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 2 passages

化及敗，沒於竇建德。 When Huaji was defeated, she fell into the hands of Dou Jiande.

突厥處羅可汗遣使迎后於洺州，建德不敢留，遂入於虜庭。 Chuluo Qaghan of the Turks sent an envoy to receive the empress at Mozhou. Jiande did not dare detain her, and she passed into the Turkic court.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 21Volume 21 Treatises 11: Rites and Music 11 · 2 passages

太常卿蕭瑀曰：「樂所以美盛德形容，而有所未盡，陛下破劉武周、薛舉、竇建德、王世充，願圖其狀以識。」 Director Xiao Yu said: "Music should glorify virtue fully—yet victories over Liu Wuzhou, Xue Ju, Dou Jiande, and Wang Shichong remain undepicted; let us chart them."

帝之破竇建德也，乘馬名黃驄驃，及征高麗，死於道，頗哀惜之，命樂工製黃驄疊曲。 When the emperor defeated Dou Jiande, his mount was Yellow Cong Biao; it later died on the Goryeo campaign, and he grieved enough to have musicians compose Yellow Cong Layered Tune.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 84Volume 84 Biographies 9: Li, Mi · 1 passage

於是海岱、江淮間爭響附，竇建德、硃粲、楊士林、孟海公、徐圓朗、盧祖尚、周法明等悉上表勸進，府官屬亦請之。 Thereupon between the eastern sea, Mount Tai, the Yangtze, and the Huai, all vied to respond and attach themselves. Dou Jiande, Zhu Can, Yang Shilin, Meng Haigong, Xu Yuanlang, Lu Zushang, Zhou Faming, and others all submitted memorials urging him to ascend the throne, and the officials of his headquarters also requested it.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 92Volume 92 Biographies 17: Du, Kan, Wang, Li, Yuan, Luo, Wang · 3 passages

時竇建德、高開道亦遣使於藝，藝謂官屬曰：「建德等皆劇賊，不足共功名，唐公起兵據關中，民望所系，王業必成，吾決歸之。 Dou Jiande and Gao Kaidao also sent envoys. Luo Yi told his staff, "Jiande and his ilk are nothing but fierce bandits, unfit to share in great deeds. The Duke of Tang has raised his banner in Guanzhong, where the people's hopes rest. His cause is certain to triumph. I have decided to join him.

數與建德戰，多所禽馘。 He fought Dou Jiande repeatedly and took many prisoners and heads.

君廓往擊建德，李勣遏之，至發憤大呼，鼻耳皆流血，其勇何特古人哉！ When Wang Junguo fought Dou Jiande, Li Ji had to hold him back. He raged and shouted until blood ran from his nose and ears. What ancient hero matched such fury?